Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The prevention of fall-related injuries in patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) is hampered by an incomplete understanding of their causes.
Why it matters
Among 157 patients with Alzheimer-type dementia, half either fell or became unable to walk during follow-up, and their fracture rate was more than three times that of the general population. The authors suggest that controlling wandering, avoiding toxic drug reactions, and treating other illnesses may help prevent falls and fractures in this group.
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This paper examines eight published reviews that each pooled results from several related clinical trials to evaluate treatment efficacy.
Why it matters
Discusses meta-analysis in clinical trials.
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Four men, aged 67-72 years, had 4-month to 6-year histories of injuring themselves or their spouses with aggressive behaviors during sleep, often during attempted dream enactment.
Why it matters
This report describes five patients with REM sleep behavior disorder, in which four had serious neurologic disorders including an atypical dementia, and two had sleep behaviors suppressed by clonazepam. It is a small descriptive case series, not a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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The Index of ADL was developed to study results of treatment and prognosis in the elderly and chronically ill.
Why it matters
This paper describes the development of the Index of ADL, a standardized measure of functioning in bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding for elderly and chronically ill people. It does not test a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease, but provides a tool for assessing function and prognosis.
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To investigate the response to an invitation to participate in a blended mobile Health intervention among adults living in deprived areas.
Why it matters
This analysis of recruitment data found that 93% of invited participants did not respond, and the most common reason for declining was the requirement to use a smartphone. It is about participation barriers in a prevention trial, not about any treatment, cure, or prevention result.
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In MCI and dementia, the HTS is an ecologically valid non-canonical sign, frequently occurs in daily life too, associated with longer disease duration and spatial disorientation.
Why it matters
In this study of 112 patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, the ecological head turning sign occurred in 50% of patients and was independent of demographics, disease severity, and etiology. It was associated with longer disease duration and spatial disorientation.
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VLAHE residents had fewer hospitalizations and shorter stays (10.5 vs 15.2 days, P = .0004) than comparable NH residents, particularly for acute care.
Why it matters
Residents of a dementia village had fewer and shorter hospitalizations and fewer died in hospital than residents of traditional nursing homes, though the authors call for further longitudinal research. This is about healthcare use and end-of-life care, not a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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Cognitive training produced a significant, moderate improvement in cognitive task performance (Hedges’ g = 0.451, 95% CI 0.207–0.696; p < .001).
Why it matters
This meta-analysis found that cognitive training produced moderate improvement in cognitive task performance in neurological disorders, accompanied by increased activation in the precuneus and left precentral gyrus. Precuneus engagement tracked cognitive gains, suggesting it may be a neural marker of training-related plasticity.
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Critical appraisal will not be undertaken, as it is optional in scoping reviews and is not aligned with the primary mapping objectives of this review.
Why it matters
This is a protocol for a scoping review on generative artificial intelligence in dementia care, focused on nursing roles, experiences and ethical perspectives. It is a review plan only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Diabetic complications represent a formidable clinical challenge characterized by hyperglycemia-induced multiorgan dysfunction and dysregulated intercellular signaling networks.
Why it matters
This review is about diabetes and its complications, not Alzheimer's disease. It reports that digital diabetes prevention programs can support lifestyle change and delay type 2 diabetes, and that certain diabetes drugs have proven heart and kidney benefits.
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There were 56.9 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2021, according to the Global Burden of Disease study, and this number is projected to exceed 137 million by 2050.
Why it matters
Vascular dementia remains underrecognized and underresearched compared to other forms of dementia, despite being the second leading cause. This fact sheet highlights the urgent need for improved recognition, standardized diagnostic approaches, and enhanced prevention.
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Seven studies were included from 1,800 screened.
Why it matters
Sensor-based digital tools such as Technology Integrated Health Management and a real-time locating system showed high effectiveness in detecting urinary tract infections in people with dementia, while a smart diaper system had lower sensitivity. However, most interventions lacked theoretical foundations and preventive strategies, so more comprehensive approaches involving caregivers and clinical guidelines are needed.
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51/100
A total of 44 experts participated in 3 survey rounds, with 28 to 31 participants each.
Why it matters
This consensus statement describes a harmonized neuropsychological assessment battery and guidelines for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, developed by 44 experts. It aims to make evaluations more consistent worldwide for clinicians and researchers, not to test a treatment.
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Among the 18,013 participants with complete data for analysis, 516 (2.86%) exhibited cognitive impairment.
Why it matters
Adding resting heart rate to the CAIDE model improved predictive accuracy for cognitive impairment, with random forest models reaching an AUC of 0.67 in training and 0.65 in test data. This is about improving risk prediction and monitoring, not treating, curing or preventing dementia.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with poorer cognitive performance and increased dementia risk.
Why it matters
In this prospective UK Biobank study, type 2 diabetes was linked to poorer attention, slower processing speed and higher dementia risk over 15 years, with many proteins and inflammatory pathways identified as possible mediators. These findings point to biological pathways but do not show that any treatment or protein target prevents dementia.
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Among 259 945 decedents with dementia (mean [SD] age, 85.8 [8.0] years; 60.4% female), 8.3% were non-Hispanic Black, 4.4% were Hispanic, and 87.3% were non-Hispanic White.
Why it matters
Among 259,945 decedents with dementia, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic decedents received more intensive end-of-life care and less hospice use than non-Hispanic White decedents, even when treated by the same physician. This is about disparities in end-of-life care, not about treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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Nearly half (48%) of older adults experienced an inpatient admission, and nearly all (92%) experienced a potentially burdensome intervention.
Why it matters
This longitudinal study found that in the final year of life, nearly half of community-dwelling older adults with dementia had an inpatient admission and nearly all had a potentially burdensome intervention, while family caregivers provided 42 hours of care per week on average. It highlights the need for a palliative approach, but it does not test whether such an approach improves outcomes.
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Glaucoma is a major ocular neurodegenerative disease and a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with prevalence projected to exceed 110 million by 2040.
Why it matters
This review is about diet, exercise and lifestyle in glaucoma, an eye disease, and it does not address Alzheimer's disease. It reports that higher dietary nitrate from leafy greens is consistently associated with lower primary open-angle glaucoma risk, but this is not a dementia finding.
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51/100
Across studies, MBI appears to be linked to specific neurobiological markers of AD, including Aβ and tau brain deposition, as well as alterations in the mesolimbic pathway and neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory fluid biomarker levels.
Why it matters
People with Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) develop dementia at a higher rate, and this review asked whether MBI reflects underlying brain disease. Across 27 studies, MBI was linked to amyloid-beta and tau buildup in the brain, but not to plasma phosphorylated-tau181 or MRI measures of brain shrinkage. The authors say the evidence supports it as a possible early sign of Alzheimer's, but differences between studies prevent firm conclusions.
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51/100
Elevated FSH and reduced LH may be associated with poorer cognition and an increased risk of AD-D in very old Chinese adults, particularly in males.
Why it matters
In Chinese adults over 80, higher levels of the hormones FSH and LH were linked to dementia and to lower cognitive scores in this single point-in-time study. Because it only looked at one moment, it cannot show whether these hormone levels contribute to dementia or are just a marker of it.
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These lessons emphasize the importance of ensuring tests are feasible across both high-income countries and LMICs, maintaining consistency within studies and over time, and designing comprehensive cognitive batteries for improved measurement precision of general and domain-specific phenotypes.
Why it matters
This article summarizes lessons from large cross-national surveys on measuring cognition, emphasizing the need for feasible and consistent tests across different contexts. It aims to improve the comparability and validity of cognitive assessments, not to treat, cure, or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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We recruited 1501 participants (304 with FTLD, 512 with AD, and 685 healthy controls) from the Multi-Partner Consortium to Expand Dementia Research in Latin America (ReDLat).
Why it matters
In 1501 participants with frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or healthy controls, higher cardiovascular risk was associated with reduced structural integrity and functional connectivity in the allostatic interoceptive network. The authors conclude that managing cardiovascular health may support brain integrity in dementia, but the study did not test whether this prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a significant and increasingly recognized problem in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Why it matters
This study developed a machine learning model that identified diabetic retinopathy as the primary predictor of mild cognitive impairment in people with type 2 diabetes. It is about prediction and suggests avenues for early intervention, but does not test whether any intervention prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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Sarcopenia and its components were associated with baseline MMSE and MMSE changes.
Why it matters
In this cohort study, healthy dietary patterns including DASH and lower inflammatory diets were associated with better cognitive outcomes, especially in older adults with sarcopenia. Handgrip strength and walking speed appeared to mediate these associations.
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The combinations that were both highly prevalent and had the most detrimental effect on global cognition were: hearing loss and physical inactivity for the dyad (mean difference in change score = -0.07 SD; 95 % CI: -0.09 to -0.06; p < 0.001; effect size = -0.28), hearing loss, physical inactivity, and hypertension for the triad (mean difference in change score = -0.07; 95 % CI: -0.09 to -0.06; p < 0.001; effect size = -0.28), and hearing loss, physical inactivity, hypertension, and sleep disturbance for the tetrad (mean difference in change score = -0.05; 95 % CI: -0.07 to -0.03; p < 0.001; effect size = -0.20).
Why it matters
This observational study found that combinations of hearing loss, physical inactivity, hypertension, and sleep disturbance were linked to worse cognitive decline, with hearing loss and physical inactivity showing a synergistic effect. It suggests targets for future interventions but does not show that addressing these factors prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Health management and pattern analysis of daily living activities of people with dementia using in-home sensors and machine learning techniques
- Effectiveness of a modified Continuum curriculum for medical students: a randomized trial
- Prevalence of dementia in Singapore: Changes across a decade
- Cognitive change is more positively associated with an active lifestyle than with training interventions in older adults at risk of dementia: a controlled interventional clinical trial
- Family caregivers' conceptualisation of quality end-of-life care for people with dementia: A qualitative study
- My belief or yours? Differential theory of mind deficits in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease
- Role of nurses in supporting advance care planning for people living with dementia
- Trends in the Incidence of Parkinson Disease in the General Population: The Rotterdam Study
- Cognitive impairment after lacunar stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, prevalence and comparison with other stroke subtypes
- Several factors influenced attrition in a population-based elderly cohort: neurological disorders in Central Spain Study