Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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This study aims to identify depressive risks in elderly individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and develop a predictive model using machine learning algorithms to enable timely interventions.
Why it matters
This study developed a machine learning model to predict depression risk in older adults with subjective cognitive decline, with Boosted XGBoost achieving the highest accuracy. This could enable timely interventions for depression, but no treatment for Alzheimer's disease is tested.
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51/100
Our findings suggest that possible sarcopenia is a significant and independent predictor of delirium in older patients with acute stroke.
Why it matters
This retrospective cohort study of older acute stroke patients found that delirium occurred more often in those with possible sarcopenia than in those without. It suggests possible sarcopenia may be a risk factor for delirium onset in this population.
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Healthcare costs are already elevated in early subjective and objective cognitive impairment, driven by formal and informal care.
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study, payer-perspective costs were elevated by 26% for subjective cognitive decline, 85% for mild cognitive impairment, and 36% for Alzheimer's disease dementia compared with controls, while societal costs were elevated by 52%, 170%, and 307% respectively. It reports that healthcare costs are already elevated in early disease stages and does not test treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Among 934,792 individuals, 81,731 developed dementia over a mean follow-up of 11·6 years.
Why it matters
This Danish cohort study found that long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with higher dementia incidence, especially among certain susceptible groups. It suggests that reducing air pollution exposure could be a target for prevention, though it does not test any intervention.
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A total of 43,160 participants were included (mean [standard deviation] age, 64.2 [7.7] years, 53.1 % female).
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional UK Biobank study, having multiple long-term conditions was linked to reduced brain volumes and poorer cognitive function, with the strongest links for a cluster of cardiometabolic conditions. Because the study is cross-sectional, it cannot show whether treating these conditions would prevent dementia.
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Primary care is the ideal setting for early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), as it serves as the primary point of care for most older adults.
Why it matters
This article argues that primary care is the ideal setting for early detection of mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and that identifying risk factors early enables interventions that can slow cognitive decline and improve outcomes. It describes resources being developed for primary care but does not report testing of a specific detection or treatment program.
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Among the 13 604 086 traditional Medicare beneficiaries included in the study (mean [SD] age, 79.4 [7.7] years; 60.4% women), 27.7% had a diagnosis of dementia.
Why it matters
This study of traditional Medicare beneficiaries found that people with dementia used home health care more than those without dementia, with community-initiated spells increasing from 2010 to 2019 and then decreasing from 2020 to 2022. It describes patterns of use, not the effect of home health care on dementia outcomes.
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In the complex realm of cognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most prevalent dementia types, presenting entangled symptoms yet requiring distinct treatment approaches.
Why it matters
This study presents a multi-omics approach to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from vascular dementia with a diagnostic accuracy of 89.25%, which could assist doctors in determining appropriate treatment. Early, accurate diagnosis is described as crucial for slowing neurodegeneration.
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Over a median follow-up of 8.2 years, YOD incidence increased progressively with higher WC.
Why it matters
This nationwide cohort study found that abdominal obesity is a significant, independent risk factor for young-onset dementia in women, particularly for vascular dementia. It underscores the importance of addressing abdominal obesity in middle-aged women to reduce dementia risk.
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We identified 132,968 individuals, of whom 12,088 with severe Zoster, 60,440 matched controls among the general population, and 60,440 matched controls among the hospitalised population.
Why it matters
This matched cohort study found an increased risk of developing dementia among severe Zoster cases compared to the general and hospitalised populations. The results support improving Zoster prevention and extending vaccination recommendations to younger age groups.
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This cohort study examines the use of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine among older adults with dementia after admission into hospice care despite the medications’ limited clinical benefit following enrollment into hospice.
Why it matters
This cohort study examines continued use of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in older adults with dementia after hospice admission. It notes these medications have limited clinical benefit following enrollment into hospice.
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Over the last decade, age-standardised dementia incidence estimated rates have decreased by 52.8 % for women and 53.1 % for males.
Why it matters
This retrospective cohort study found that dementia incidence rates decreased over the last decade while all-cause mortality among people living with dementia increased, indicating that dementia prevalence is declining. It also revealed gender disparities in mortality rates during the pandemic.
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Fine particulate matter, known as PM 2.5, is recognized as a risk factor for dementia.
Why it matters
In a cohort of 217,336 UK Biobank participants, long-term exposure to certain PM2.5 constituents, especially black carbon, was positively associated with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and combined with genetic risk the effect was stronger. This supports air pollution as a risk factor and points to prevention strategies, but it does not test a treatment.
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There was a significant difference in dementia incidence in the HSV-infected group versus the control.
Why it matters
This retrospective cohort using U.S. electronic health records found that people with a history of herpes simplex virus, HSV1, HSV2, or coinfection had a significantly higher risk of developing dementia than controls. It reports an association only and does not test whether treating or preventing HSV infection affects dementia risk.
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Analyses demonstrated that criteria regarding cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, hearing impairment, and sedentary lifestyle were associated with relatively high participant diversity, while gastro-intestinal/liver disease, motivation to participate, and language proficiency criteria were associated with relatively little diversity.
Why it matters
This review examined eligibility criteria and recruitment strategies in U.S. dementia prevention trials in relation to participant diversity. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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51/100
We identified all participants in the UK Biobank cohort study diagnosed with HF prior to enrolment or during follow-up, who had disease occurrence data available from both primary and secondary care records (n = 9824).
Why it matters
In this UK Biobank cohort, heart failure was typically diagnosed after multiple other long-term conditions, with comorbidities accumulating for over a decade beforehand, and dementia followed heart failure by a median of 0.7 years. The authors describe a window of opportunity to prevent heart failure, but the study does not test dementia treatment or prevention.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge in modern healthcare, necessitating innovative approaches for its early detection and intervention.
Why it matters
A deep learning model using medical claims data predicted progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease up to five years after diagnosis with an AUC-ROC of 0.833. This is a prediction tool for risk identification, not a treatment or cure.
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General and central obesity trajectories beyond midlife with persistently high or increasing patterns were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia in late life.
Why it matters
In a 14-year study of 4,751 people, those with stable high body mass index or increasing waist circumference beyond middle age had a higher risk of developing dementia and faster cognitive decline than those with healthy, stable measurements. This links long-term obesity patterns to later dementia risk.
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Our findings highlight the altered phases of swallowing in patients with dementia.
Why it matters
In this memory clinic sample, dysphagia was common in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and specific swallowing problems differed between the two groups. The authors stress the importance of early detection and intervention for swallowing difficulties, which is about care and safety rather than treating the underlying disease.
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51/100
The national combined PAF for 11 modifiable risk factors was 39.6 % (95 % CI: 20.8-55.9).
Why it matters
This study estimated that 11 modifiable risk factors accounted for 39.6% of dementia cases in Italy, with midlife hypertension and physical inactivity the largest contributors and cardiovascular risk factors explaining over half of preventable cases. The authors state a 10% reduction in risk factors would prevent 54,495 dementia cases, suggesting prevention potential through targeted public health interventions, though these are modeled estimates.
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Among 5,145 participants included in the analyses, 747 (14.5 %) reported hearing loss, including 207 Black adults and 199 White adults.
Why it matters
In this cohort study, higher DASH, MedDiet and MIND scores were associated with lower risk of hearing loss, and participants in the highest DASH tertile who reported hearing loss had slower cognitive decline than those in the lowest tertile. The authors say dietary quality may help preserve cognitive health by mitigating or delaying hearing loss, but the findings are associations from a cohort study.
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It is generally assumed that dementia affects the quality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans.
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study, dementia patients were nearly three times more likely to produce poor-quality OCT scans than participants with no cognitive impairment. This is about scan quality in people with cognitive impairment and does not address treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Apathy is a prevalent and persistent neuropsychiatric syndrome across many neurological disorders, significantly impacting both patients and caregivers.
Why it matters
This study found that caregiver-reported apathy consistently exceeded self-reported apathy across neurological disorders, with the discrepancy most pronounced in conditions associated with impaired insight. It concerns assessment of apathy and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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The study population consisted of 16,981 individuals (mean age: 62.4, 51.6% female, 68.7% non-Hispanic White, 15.5% in rural areas).
Why it matters
Rural U.S. adults had higher rates of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and hearing loss, which are modifiable dementia risk factors, with treatment for sensory and behavioral risk factors remaining low. This cross-sectional study identifies targets for prevention strategies but does not test whether addressing them prevents dementia.
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Neurological disorders are among the leading causes of both physical and cognitive disabilities worldwide, affecting approximately 15% of the global population.
Why it matters
This study used machine learning and deep learning on EEG signals to classify neurological disorders including dementia, reporting very high accuracy in distinguishing healthy individuals from those with dementia. It is a classification method, not a treatment, cure, or prevention.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Impact of a comanaged Geriatric Fracture Center on short-term hip fracture outcomes
- Retinal microvascular dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment: Associations with cerebral small vessel disease, plasma biomarkers, and cognitive decline
- Assessing Cognition Remotely: Expanding the Reach of Cognitive Testing for Older Adults at Risk for Dementia in a Randomized Controlled Trial
- Late-life depression as a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease in 30 US Alzheimer's disease centers
- Their last 6 months: suffering and survival of end-stage dementia patients
- The clinical prognosis of cognitively unimpaired individuals with positive PET biomarkers
- Long-term Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Cognitive Decline and Mortality
- Respite Care for People With Dementia and Their Carers
- The impact of tract‐ and county‐level segregation on 10‐year cognitive and everyday functioning outcomes of Black/African American older adults in the ACTIVE study
- Risk of persistent and new clinical sequelae among adults aged 65 years and older during the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection: retrospective cohort study