Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Overall time and the times for ADL care and supervision can be considered valid estimates.
Why it matters
This study developed and validated a tool for measuring the direct care time that nursing home residents with dementia actually need. It does not test any treatment, so it does not show whether any therapy works to treat, cure or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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Additional (not mutually exclusive) explanations for findings are discussed.
Why it matters
This study found that people whose spouse developed dementia had a six times greater risk of developing dementia themselves. It is observational and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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51/100
To investigate the relationships between age, the advanced clinical stages of Parkinson's disease and neuropathology, we surveyed 129 case records from donors with pathologically proven Parkinson's disease at the Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders.
Why it matters
Using the records of 129 brain donors with autopsy-confirmed Parkinson's disease, split into five groups by age at death, this study found that four signs of advanced disease (frequent falls, visual hallucinations, dementia and needing residential care) appeared at a similar time before death whatever the person's age, with no significant difference in disease duration or Lewy body pathology between age groups. Dementia (P < 0.0005) and visual hallucinations (P = 0.02) were associated with high cortical Lewy body scores, an association rather than proof of cause. The study is about Parkinson's disease and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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51/100
This study illustrates the need to identify these individuals and to make provisions among social service agencies to monitor their well-being regularly and provide a higher level of support when needs are identified.
Why it matters
People with dementia living alone had significantly more unmet social, environmental, psychological, and medical needs than those living with others. This highlights the need to identify these individuals and for social service agencies to monitor their well-being and provide more support.
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51/100
Obesity is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular health problems including diabetes, hypertension, and stroke.
Why it matters
This study found that higher body mass index was associated with lower brain volumes and atrophy in certain brain regions in cognitively normal elderly subjects. It reports an association with brain structure, not a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Clinical and epidemiologic research has focused on the identification of risk factors that may be modified in predementia syndromes, at a preclinical and early clinical stage of dementing disorders, with specific attention to the role of depression.
Why it matters
This overview found that the prevalence of depression in people with mild cognitive impairment varied widely and that findings on whether depression raises the risk of cognitive decline or progression to dementia were conflicting. It does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Amnestic forms of MCI appear to have demographic, genetic, and MRI findings suggestive of Alzheimer disease pathology, whereas the nonamnestic forms of MCI have findings suggestive of vascular disease.
Why it matters
Among 153 subjects with mild cognitive impairment, this cross-sectional study found that brain and hippocampal volumes differed between MCI subtypes and that apolipoprotein E4 prevalence was greater in amnestic and nonamnestic subtypes. These findings describe differences between MCI subtypes and do not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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The prevalence of dementia was low, despite a high prevalence of aMCI and CIND.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study estimated how common dementia and cognitive impairment were in southeastern Spain. It found that dementia was strongly associated with older age and less education, but it does not test any treatment or cure.
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This olive oil-cognition association needs to be confirmed by further studies.
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Given the increased risk of progression to dementia for those identified as having MCI, the role of awareness should be explored further with due consideration given to the conceptualization of awareness and the methodology employed.
Why it matters
This review of 16 studies found evidence that the level of awareness of memory function varies among people with mild cognitive impairment, which may have implications for future progression to dementia. The authors conclude that the role of awareness should be explored further, with attention to how awareness is defined and measured.
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Whether deficits in specific cognitive domains are associated with long-term survival in patients with ischaemic stroke is not known in detail.
Why it matters
In 409 patients with acute stroke followed for up to 12 years, impairments in certain cognitive domains predicted poorer long-term survival. This describes cognitive impairment as a marker of post-stroke death risk, but it does not test any treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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51/100
In both its association with PD and its idiopathic form, RBD is an important risk factor for MCI.
Why it matters
In this study of 112 subjects, mild cognitive impairment was found in 50% of patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and 73% of Parkinson's disease patients with REM sleep behavior disorder, far more than in Parkinson's patients without it or controls. It identifies REM sleep behavior disorder as an important risk factor for mild cognitive impairment, but does not test any treatment.
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The aim of this study is to establish the existing relationship among variables referred to the person, specifically age and gender, and the functional dependence in basic ADL and in IADL, as well as the possible relationship it has with the increase of morbidity and mortality in a random sample of 598 individuals older than 65 years.
Why it matters
In a random sample of people over 65, dependence in basic activities of daily living was found in 34.6% and in instrumental activities in 53.5%. Dependence was significantly associated with age, gender, and with morbidity and mortality, suggesting it could be used as a predictor of both.
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Geriatric depression is prevalent in rural south India.
Why it matters
This community study in rural south India found a prevalence of geriatric depression of 12.7% and identified factors associated with it, including low income, hunger, cardiac illness, transient ischemic attack, past head injury and diabetes. It concerns depression in older adults rather than the treatment, cure or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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The potential adverse effects of prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy on heart health, neurological health, bone health and quality of life should be carefully weighed against its potential benefits for cancer risk reduction in women at average risk of ovarian cancer.
Why it matters
This review reports that prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy before natural menopause is associated with increased risk of several negative outcomes, including cognitive impairment or dementia. It notes that estrogen treatment may prevent some but not all of these outcomes, but does not establish a treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Approximately 7 of 10 SICU and TICU patients experience delirium.
Why it matters
This study found that delirium was common in surgical and trauma intensive care unit patients and that midazolam exposure was the strongest risk factor for transitioning to delirium. It concerns delirium in critically ill patients and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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A video of a patient with advanced dementia may overcome communication barriers associated with low health literacy.
Why it matters
This study found that after watching a video about advanced dementia, there were no significant differences in end-of-life care preferences by race or health literacy. This is about how people make end-of-life care decisions, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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51/100
Cognitive defects associated with cortical pathology may be a marker of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD).
Why it matters
This study developed a new cognitive scale for Parkinson's disease designed to cover the full spectrum of cognitive defects, including cortical dysfunction. The scale showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing Parkinson's disease dementia in the studied patients.
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The present study describes the pathological progression of longitudinally followed cases with levodopa-responsive Parkinson's disease who came to autopsy during the Sydney Multicenter Study of Parkinson's disease.
Why it matters
In longitudinally followed Parkinson's disease patients who came to autopsy, three clinicopathological groups were identified, with Lewy body spread increasing over time in typical cases and higher Lewy body loads in shorter-surviving cases. This describes disease progression after death and does not test any treatment or cure.
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The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands.
Why it matters
Describes the aims and design of the Rotterdam Study, a cohort study in the Netherlands ongoing since 1990 that, as of 2008, included 14,926 people aged 45 or over. It covers many disease areas, including neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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An extensive body of data shows concordant J-shaped associations between alcohol intake and a variety of adverse health outcomes, including coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, stroke, dementia, Raynaud's phenomenon, and all-cause mortality.
Why it matters
This review describes J-shaped links between alcohol intake and various health outcomes including dementia, with light to moderate drinking linked to protective effects and heavier drinking to worse outcomes. It advises against prescribing alcohol for health, citing lack of randomized data and risk of problem drinking, and reports no treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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The results showed that 68.02% of caregivers were highly burdened and 65% exhibited depressive symptoms.
Why it matters
Most caregivers in this study were highly burdened and many had depressive symptoms, and burden was related to patient psychopathology and caregiver characteristics. There was no statistically significant difference in burden or depression whether patients lived in the community or in institutions.
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Cognitive impairment is common in the first weeks after stroke, with executive and perceptual disorders being the most frequent.
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Language decline is usually the fastest and predominant change in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).
Why it matters
This longitudinal study found that language declined faster in frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia than in Alzheimer's disease. It describes how language changes over time and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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There were significant ethnic differences in mean MMSE scores among Chinese (26.2), Indians (25.0), and Malays (23.6), but only in noneducated subjects.
Why it matters
This study of 1092 community-living elderly Chinese, Malay, and Indian people in Singapore found ethnic differences in Mini-Mental State Examination scores only among those with no education. It shows that ethnicity and education affect test scores and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Performance of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Progression to Dementia in Memory Clinic Patients
- Nature-based Solutions as Building Blocks for coastal flood risk reduction: a model-based ecosystem service assessment
- Dementia caregiving: the experiences of Hispanic/Latino caregivers
- Selegiline in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer-type dementia
- Psychosocial interventions for people with dementia: An overview and commentary on recent developments
- Associations of loneliness with risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia in the Framingham Heart Study
- Abnormal regional cerebral blood flow in cognitively normal elderly subjects with hypertension
- Early life development in a multiethnic sample and the relation to late life cognition
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards
- Impact of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists on the Dementia Incidence in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population‐Based Longitudinal Cohort Study