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51/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 51 out of 100. Prevention trials

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Plain-language summary

Sarcopenia and its components were associated with baseline MMSE and MMSE changes. Positive associations were observed for plant protein intake (β = 0.79, 95% CI 0.24–1.35) and dietary patterns such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (β = 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.26) and diets with lower Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores (β = −0.18, 95% CI −0.26–−0.09) with better MMSE outcomes. Protective effects were more profound in participants with sarcopenia/severe sarcopenia. The effects of the DASH diet and DII were more profound in female participants, while higher adherence to the Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet was associated with an increment in MMSE score in male participants with sarcopenia. Handgrip strength and physical performance are significant mediators in the diet–cognition associations. The protective effects of healthy dietary patterns were beneficial, especially for participants with sarcopenia, while handgrip strength and walking speed potentially mediated the associations.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Jin, Y., Lai, G. Z.-Y., Li, S., Lee, J., Chan, V. W.-k., Lu, Z., et al. (2025). Adhering to Healthy Dietary Patterns Prevents Cognitive Decline of Older Adults with Sarcopenia: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS Study. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17193070

Vancouver

Jin Y, Lai GZ.-Y, Li S, Lee J, Chan VW.-k, Lu Z, et al. Adhering to Healthy Dietary Patterns Prevents Cognitive Decline of Older Adults with Sarcopenia: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS Study. Nutrients. 2025. doi:10.3390/nu17193070. PMID: 41097147.

BibTeX

@article{jin2025-41097147,
  author  = {Jin, Yichen and Lai, Gianna Zhi-Yang and Li, Shuyi and Lee, Jenny and Chan, Vicky Wai-ki and Lu, Zhihui and Leung, Jason Chi Shun and Lai, Kingson and others},
  title   = {{Adhering to Healthy Dietary Patterns Prevents Cognitive Decline of Older Adults with Sarcopenia: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS Study}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu17193070},
  pmid    = {41097147},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17193070}
}

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How to read this study

Design: this is a follow-up (cohort) study. People are observed over time and not assigned to anything, so an association can reflect other differences between groups. Look at how long follow-up lasted, how many dropped out, and whether the authors adjusted for age, education and other health conditions.
Size: the record lists 3,146 participants. Ask whether that is enough for the question, and who they were.
Effect: the record gives no effect size, so the summary above cannot say how large any difference was.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded moderate. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Moderate means the abstract mentions a cohort, case-control or longitudinal design. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

Sarcopenia and its components were associated with baseline MMSE and MMSE changes.
Positive associations were observed for plant protein intake (β = 0.79, 95% CI 0.24–1.35) and dietary patterns such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (β = 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.26) and diets with lower Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores (β = −0.18, 95% CI −0.26–−0.09) with better MMSE outcomes.
Protective effects were more profound in participants with sarcopenia/severe sarcopenia.
The effects of the DASH diet and DII were more profound in female participants, while higher adherence to the Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet was associated with an increment in MMSE score in male participants with sarcopenia.
Handgrip strength and physical performance are significant mediators in the diet–cognition associations.

Why it matters

In this cohort study, healthy dietary patterns including DASH and lower inflammatory diets were associated with better cognitive outcomes, especially in older adults with sarcopenia. Handgrip strength and walking speed appeared to mediate these associations.

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Study details

Study designcohort study
Participants3,146
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 51/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Nutrients)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	Nutrients: journal h-index 331 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A cohort study following people over time
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	3 / 4	3,146 participants
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	1 / 7	Cited 1 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	0 / 5	0.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	1 / 6	Cited 0.8× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	0 / 4	Cited 1 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Kenneth Ka-Hei Lo: h-index 32 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	Chinese University of Hong Kong: institution h-index 1,100 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 2 countries
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41097147)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	51 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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