- 833studies on this subject, of 27,380 in the library
- 808peer-reviewed
- 1984–2026years published
- 49median usefulness score out of 100
These counts and lists are worked out from the library itself each time the page loads. A score rates how much weight a study can bear — its design, journal, evidence and recency — not whether its result is good news. How we score a study. For a plain-English guide to this subject, see Disparities.
The 20 highest-scoring studies
- Representation of Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations in Dementia Prevention Trials: A Systematic Review
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Population-Attributable Fractions of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias
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The Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) trial: a randomized controlled trial to enhance cognitive function in older adults
In this 12-week trial of 126 inactive older adults with cognitive complaints, global cognitive scores improved significantly over time in all groups, but there were no significant differences between the groups. This means the study did not show that combining physical and mental activity produced better cognitive results than either alone.
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Association of Alzheimer Disease With Life Expectancy in People With Down Syndrome
In this meta-analysis of people with Down syndrome, Alzheimer disease began at an estimated 53.8 years on average and death followed at about 58.4 years, roughly 4.6 years after onset. US death records showed the typical age at death rising from 1 year in 1968 to 57 in 2019, but the oldest deaths (90th percentile) barely moved, from 63 to 65 years. The authors say this ceiling and the consistent age at onset are "compatible with fully penetrant Alzheimer disease". The study describes the course of the disease and does not test any treatment or prevention.
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Association of Dual Decline in Cognition and Gait Speed With Risk of Dementia in Older Adults
Older adults who declined in both gait speed and cognition had a much higher risk of later dementia than those who did not decline. The authors say gait speed should be included in dementia risk screening, but this is about predicting risk, not treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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Prevalence of dementia in India: National and state estimates from a nationwide study
Earlier Indian dementia figures came from "selected communities"; this study used the nationwide LASI survey of adults 60+ to estimate prevalence at 7.4%, about 8.8 million people, higher in women and in rural areas and varying by state. Clinicians rated 2,528 people directly and a statistical model estimated dementia status for the remaining 28,949, so the figures are modelled estimates rather than individual diagnoses. The authors say the uneven burden "may therefore require different levels of local planning and support"; the study does not test any treatment or prevention.
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Systematic review of dementia prevalence and incidence in United States race/ethnic populations
This systematic review found higher dementia incidence in African American and Caribbean Hispanic populations than in several other groups, and called for more data on other populations. It describes patterns of disease and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling Chinese populations aged over 55 years: a meta-analysis and systematic review
This meta-analysis estimated that mild cognitive impairment was common among community-dwelling Chinese populations over 55 years old, with prevalence increasing with age. It provides information about how often this condition occurs but does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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African ancestry GWAS of dementia in a large military cohort identifies significant risk loci
This genome-wide association study in an African descent cohort found significant associations in the region of APOE, in ROBO1, and in RNA RP11-340A13.2, with additional signals near known risk genes in a meta-analysis. These are genetic risk findings and do not show how to treat, cure, or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
- A Community-Based Study of Dementia in Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Individuals
- Mental Health Treatment Among Nursing Home Residents With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
- Divergent Mortality Patterns Associated With Dementia in the United States: 1999-2020
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Association of Antioxidant Supplement Use and Dementia in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease by Vitamin E and Selenium Trial (PREADViSE)
In this trial of 7540 men, vitamin E, selenium, and their combination were not associated with reduced dementia incidence compared with placebo. The study found no significant protective effect of these antioxidant supplements.
- Hospice Quality, Race, and Disenrollment in Hospice Enrollees With Dementia
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Dementia incidence and mortality in middle-income countries, and associations with indicators of cognitive reserve: a 10/66 Dementia Research Group population-based cohort study
Following 8,137 older adults in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Peru, Mexico and China for 3–5 years, this cohort found new dementia cases at 18·2–30·4 per 1000 person-years using 10/66 criteria, 1·4–2·7 times the DSM-IV rate. People who already had dementia at the start had a 1·56–5·69 times higher risk of death. The authors say their findings support the cognitive reserve idea: in these countries, as in high-income ones, education and literacy went with a lower chance of developing dementia. This was an observational study and tested no treatment or prevention.
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Association of Ischemic Stroke Incidence, Severity, and Recurrence With Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort Study
This study found that the risk of dementia was significantly higher after an ischemic stroke, and that this risk increased with both the severity of the stroke and the number of strokes. This suggests that preventing strokes and their recurrence may help reduce the risk of developing dementia.
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Effect of a Lay Counselor Intervention on Prevention of Major Depression in Older Adults Living in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Randomized Clinical Trial
This randomized trial enrolled 181 older adults in low- and middle-income countries to test a lay counselor intervention for prevention of major depression. It addresses depression prevention, not the treatment, cure, or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
- A Systematic Review of Dementia-related Stigma Research: Can We Move the Stigma Dial?
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Association of Midlife to Late-Life Blood Pressure Patterns With Incident Dementia
In this long-term cohort, people with sustained midlife-to-late-life hypertension, or with midlife hypertension and late-life hypotension, had higher risk of later dementia. It identifies blood pressure patterns as risk factors but does not test whether treating blood pressure prevents dementia.
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Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) Study
This paper reports the baseline characteristics of people enrolled in a trial testing whether daily low-dose aspirin extends disability-free and dementia-free life in healthy older adults. It does not yet show whether aspirin prevents dementia; that will only be known once the trial's results are reported.
See all 833 studies in Disparities, with filters →
Newest additions on this subject
- Racial Differences and Temporal Trends in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related
- Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Morocco: A population-based study
- Memory Intraindividual Variability and its Association with Hippocampal Integrity in Older Latino Adults Without Dementia
- A neurocognitive speech taxonomy for voice biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease
- Multimorbidity and Medication Order Patterns in Skilled Nursing Facilities: A Real-World Evidence Study
- Prevalence of dementia among community-dwelling older adults in rural Uganda: findings from DEPEND Uganda (Dementia Epidemiology, unmet need and co-developing solutions in Uganda)
- Prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty among elderly hypertensive rural community residents of Inner Mongolia, China：A Cross-Sectional Survey
- Race-Specific Dementia Risk Prediction Using 2024 Lancet Commission Risk Factors and Resting Heart Rate: A Survival Analysis of 55,004 NACC Participants
- Research Trends of Drama Therapy in Mental Health : A Comprehensive Bibliometric analysis
- Bilingualism and Cognitive Aging in Ethnically Diverse Older Adults: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Evidence from HABS-HD
All 833 studies in Disparities, newest first →
What the library holds on this subject
By review status
| Status | Studies |
|---|---|
| Peer-reviewed | 808 |
| Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed | 18 |
| Report — not peer-reviewed | 5 |
| Retracted — do not rely on it | 2 |
By strength of evidence
| Rated in our summary | Studies |
|---|---|
| low | 531 |
| moderate | 228 |
| high | 72 |
| not rated | 2 |
Most frequent journals
| Journal | Studies |
|---|---|
| Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 51 |
| Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association | 36 |
| Neurology | 34 |
| Alzheimer s & Dementia | 25 |
| Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD | 24 |
| The Gerontologist | 22 |
| JAMA neurology | 15 |
| The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry | 15 |
| International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 14 |
| Alzheimer disease and associated disorders | 12 |
Studies by year published
| Year | Studies | Bar |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 33 | |
| 2025 | 144 | |
| 2024 | 32 | |
| 2023 | 22 | |
| 2022 | 42 | |
| 2021 | 48 | |
| 2020 | 33 | |
| 2019 | 39 | |
| 2018 | 24 | |
| 2017 | 31 | |
| 2016 | 22 | |
| 2015 | 20 | |
| 2014 | 22 | |
| 2013 | 24 | |
| 2012 | 25 | |
| 2011 | 21 | |
| 2010 | 15 | |
| 2009 | 18 | |
| 2008 | 19 | |
| 2007 | 11 | |
| 2006 | 23 | |
| 2005 | 20 | |
| 2004 | 18 | |
| 2003 | 12 | |
| 2002 | 13 | |
| 2001 | 12 | |
| 2000 | 16 | |
| 1999 | 8 | |
| 1998 | 12 | |
| 1997 | 6 | |
| 1996 | 11 | |
| 1995 | 8 | |
| 1994 | 6 | |
| 1993 | 6 | |
| 1992 | 3 | |
| 1991 | 3 | |
| 1990 | 4 | |
| 1989 | 2 | |
| 1988 | 1 | |
| 1987 | 2 | |
| 1986 | 1 | |
| 1984 | 1 |
Counts the 833 studies with a usable publication date. The library is a large sample of published work, not a complete index, so these counts describe the library, not the whole field.
Other subjects in the library
- Getting a diagnosis
- Biomarkers
- Clinical trials
- Prevention and risk
- Caregiving
- How common it is
- Costs and economics
- Genetics
- Laboratory science
- Disease mechanisms
- Vascular contributions
- Prevention trials
- Clinical safety
- Health systems and care delivery
- End-of-life care
- Risk factors
- Digital health tools
- Treatments
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Risk genes beyond APOE
- Brain scans and imaging
- TREM2 and immune genetics
- Cognitive tests and assessment
- Lewy body dementia
- Down syndrome and Alzheimer's
- Long-term cohort studies
- Inflammation and the immune system
- Tau biomarkers
- Brain tissue and pathology
- Drug development
- Hippocampus size on brain scans