Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

These counts and lists are worked out from the library itself each time the page loads. A score rates how much weight a study can bear — its design, journal, evidence and recency — not whether its result is good news. How we score a study. For a plain-English guide to this subject, see Caregiving.

The 20 highest-scoring studies

  1. Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006-01-25 · · Peer-reviewed
  2. Comprehensive Older Adult and Caregiver Help (COACH): A person-centered caregiver intervention prevents elder mistreatment Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023-10-04 · · Peer-reviewed
  3. A mindfulness-based multicomponent caregiver intervention (PAACC): objectives, study design, and cohort description Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2025-03-24 · · Peer-reviewed
  4. Adoption of Telemedicine for Dementia Care in Nigeria: Scoping Review Interactive journal of medical research · 2025-10-27 · · Peer-reviewed
  5. Technology caregiver intervention for Alzheimer's disease (I-CARE): Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of Brain CareNotes Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023-09-14 · · Peer-reviewed
  6. Health System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers: The D-CARE Randomized Clinical Trial JAMA · 2025-03-18 · · Peer-reviewed

    Neither health system-based nor community-based dementia care differed significantly from usual care, or from each other, on patient behavioral symptoms and caregiver strain. Only caregiver self-efficacy was significantly higher for both treatments versus usual care, so the main goals of the programs were not met.

  7. Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia in China, 1990-2010: a systematic review and analysis Lancet (London, England) · 2013-06-01 · · Peer-reviewed

    This review concluded that earlier estimates may have underestimated the burden of dementia in China. It is about measuring how common dementia is, not about treating, curing or preventing it.

  8. Effectiveness of person-centered care on people with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical interventions in aging · 2017-02-17 · · Peer-reviewed
  9. Caring for Dementia Caregivers: Psychosocial Factors Related to Engagement in Self-Care Activities Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023-10-18 · · Peer-reviewed
  10. The global prevalence of dementia: a systematic review and metaanalysis Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2013-01-01 · · Peer-reviewed

    This systematic review estimated global dementia prevalence and projected rising numbers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. It offers a basis for planning care resources but does not evaluate any treatment or cure.

  11. Caregiver burden: a clinical review JAMA · 2014-03-01 · · Peer-reviewed

    This clinical review identifies who is most at risk for caregiver burden and reviews which interventions help. Support groups and psychoeducational interventions for dementia caregivers showed only mild-to-modest efficacy.

  12. Cerebral small vessel disease and risk of incident stroke, dementia and depression, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018-04-13 · · Peer-reviewed

    Pooling 28 studies on dementia (16,458 people) and up to 36 on stroke, this review found that common brain MRI signs of small vessel disease (white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, microbleeds and atrophy) were each linked to later stroke, all-cause dementia, depression and death (hazard ratios 1.22-2.72), with combinations of two signs more strongly linked to stroke. Perivascular spaces had too few studies to pool. The authors note these are associations: only "if these associations are causal" would a substantial share of disease be attributable to small vessel disease.

  13. Safety and immunogenicity of the tau vaccine AADvac1 in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial The Lancet. Neurology · 2016-12-10 · · Peer-reviewed
  14. Treatment of agitation in AD: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial Neurology · 2000-11-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  15. Community occupational therapy for older patients with dementia and their care givers: cost effectiveness study BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2008-01-02 · · Peer-reviewed
  16. Palliative Care Program for Community-Dwelling Individuals With Dementia and Caregivers: The IN-PEACE Randomized Clinical Trial JAMA · 2025-03-18 · · Peer-reviewed

    Integrated dementia palliative care did not significantly improve patients' neuropsychiatric symptoms over 24 months compared with usual care, though there were fewer combined emergency department and hospitalization events. This is a null result for symptom improvement, with a possible benefit in reducing hospital use.

  17. Effect of Collaborative Dementia Care via Telephone and Internet on Quality of Life, Caregiver Well-being, and Health Care Use: The Care Ecosystem Randomized Clinical Trial JAMA internal medicine · 2019-12-01 · · Peer-reviewed

    In this randomized trial of 780 people with dementia and 780 caregivers, a telephone and internet collaborative care program improved patient quality of life, reduced emergency department visits, and decreased caregiver depression and burden compared with usual care. It improves care and well-being but does not treat, cure or prevent Alzheimer's disease itself.

  18. Community based occupational therapy for patients with dementia and their care givers: randomised controlled trial BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2006-11-17 · · Peer-reviewed

    In this randomized controlled trial, community occupational therapy improved patients' daily functioning and caregivers' sense of competence compared with controls. The improvement was still significant at three months.

  19. Cerebrospinal fluid p-tau217 performs better than p-tau181 as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease Nature communications · 2020-04-03 · · Peer-reviewed

    In 194 people from Sweden's BioFINDER study, the spinal-fluid marker p-tau217 tracked tau and amyloid brain scans more closely than the established marker p-tau181, rose more over time, and better separated Alzheimer's dementia from other neurodegenerative disorders. The tau-scan finding held in a second, independent group of 32 people, and the main results held with a different p-tau217 test kit. The authors conclude only that p-tau217 "might be more useful than p-tau181 in the diagnostic work up of AD"; the record gives no accuracy figures, and this is a lumbar-puncture test about detection, not a blood test or a treatment finding.

  20. Mild cognitive impairment: disparity of incidence and prevalence estimates Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2012-01-01 · · Peer-reviewed

    This review found that published prevalence and incidence estimates for mild cognitive impairment vary greatly both between definitions and within a definition across the 42 included publications. This means the numbers used to describe how common MCI is are inconsistent, and it offers no treatment, cure or prevention.

See all 833 studies in Caregiving, with filters →

Newest additions on this subject

All 833 studies in Caregiving, newest first →

What the library holds on this subject

By review status

StatusStudies
Peer-reviewed815
Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed16
Report — not peer-reviewed1
Retracted — do not rely on it1

By usefulness score

Score bandStudies
70+66
50–69375
30–49373
Under 3019

By strength of evidence

Rated in our summaryStudies
low551
high151
moderate121
early4
null-result3
not rated2
preliminary1

Most frequent journals

JournalStudies
The Gerontologist38
Neurology32
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society26
International journal of geriatric psychiatry25
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association22
Brain : a journal of neurology19
International psychogeriatrics15
Alzheimer s & Dementia14
The Lancet. Neurology14
JAMA13

Studies by year published

Caregiving studies in the library by year published
YearStudiesBar
202637
2025187
202414
202322
202222
202127
202032
201935
201831
201729
201631
201526
201426
201327
201224
201121
201027
200911
200827
200719
200625
200518
200418
200316
200211
200112
200011
19998
19986
19978
19964
19953
19944
19933
19924
19911
19902
19891
19871
19861
19801

Counts the 833 studies with a usable publication date. The library is a large sample of published work, not a complete index, so these counts describe the library, not the whole field.

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