- 2,174studies on this subject, of 27,380 in the library
- 2,065peer-reviewed
- 1932–2026years published
- 42median usefulness score out of 100
These counts and lists are worked out from the library itself each time the page loads. A score rates how much weight a study can bear — its design, journal, evidence and recency — not whether its result is good news. How we score a study. For a plain-English guide to this subject, see Risk factors, ranked.
The 20 highest-scoring studies
- Adult-onset hearing loss and incident cognitive impairment and dementia - A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
- Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis
- Hearing Loss and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
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Type 2 Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Dementia in Women Compared With Men: A Pooled Analysis of 2.3 Million People Comprising More Than 100,000 Cases of Dementia
Pooling data from 14 studies of more than 2.3 million people, this analysis found type 2 diabetes was associated with about a 60% higher risk of dementia, and the increase was similar in women (RR 1.62) and men (RR 1.58). For vascular dementia, the link was stronger in women: women with diabetes had a 19% greater risk than men (RRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08–1.30). The cohorts were observational, so this shows an association, not that diabetes causes dementia or that treating it would prevent dementia.
- Hearing Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
- Associations between vision impairment and eye diseases with dementia, dementia subtypes and cognitive impairment: An umbrella review
- Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19
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Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing
In a genome-wide meta-analysis of 94,437 people with or without clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer's disease, researchers confirmed 20 known genetic risk locations and found five new ones (IQCK, ACE, ADAM10, ADAMTS1 and WWOX). They also confirmed the immune-system variant HLA-DR15 as a risk factor. The genes point to immunity, lipid metabolism, tau-binding proteins and amyloid processing, and the authors say more rare variants remain to be found. These are statistical associations with risk: the study tests no treatment and does not show that any of these genes causes the disease.
- Visual Impairment, Eye Diseases, and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Polysomnographic assessment of suvorexant in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease dementia and insomnia: a randomized trial
- Air Pollution and Incidence of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 48 risk variants and highlights the role of the stria vascularis in hearing loss
- Hearing Screening for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review
- Cognitive reserve in individuals with frontotemporal dementia: a systematic review
- Interventions to Reduce Loneliness in Community-Living Older Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors Based on a Large, Multi-Year, Randomized Trial of Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Aspirin
In this large randomized trial, pantoprazole use was not linked to a significant difference in dementia or most other safety outcomes compared with placebo, except for a small increase in enteric infections. This means long-term use of this drug was not found to raise or lower dementia risk in this trial.
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Physical inactivity, cardiometabolic disease, and risk of dementia: an individual-participant meta-analysis
In this analysis of 404,840 people, physical inactivity was not associated with all-cause dementia or Alzheimer's disease once bias from reverse causation was addressed. This is a null result and does not support physical inactivity as a cause of dementia.
- A randomized feasibility pilot trial of hearing treatment for reducing cognitive decline: Results from the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders Pilot Study
- Impact of air pollution and climate change on mental health outcomes: an umbrella review of global evidence
- Associations among sleep quality, sleep duration, and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
See all 2,174 studies in Risk factors, with filters →
Newest additions on this subject
- Neuroscience-Informed Psychoeducation for Dementia: From Network Degeneration to Compassionate and Skilled Care
- Geographic Heterogeneity in the Association Between Schooling and Cognitive Change Among Older Adults in India
- Network Localization of Anxiety as an Early Manifestation of Alzheimer’s Disease-related Neurodegeneration
- Development and Preliminary Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire Assessing Nursing Students’ Perceived Capability to Recognise Dementia in Women
- Prognostic heterogeneity within cognitive stages: a nationwide cohort study of everyday functional difficulties and mortality in 202,508 older adults
- Heat-related mortality by comorbidity and cause of death: a time-stratified case-crossover study of 3.7 million deaths in Brazil, 2014–2025
- Proteomic Signatures of Vulnerability Across Late-Life Depression, Frailty, and Neurodegeneration
- From Dementia Prevention Literacy to Preventive Agency: A Proposed Theoretical Framework for Translating Knowledge into Action
- Interacting Role of Social Determinants of Health and Hearing Loss on Cognitive Decline: An ACTIVE Longitudinal Study
- Stable and Interpretable Cognitive Status Screening Using Longitudinal Wearable Data
All 2,174 studies in Risk factors, newest first →
What the library holds on this subject
By review status
| Status | Studies |
|---|---|
| Peer-reviewed | 2,065 |
| Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed | 103 |
| Report — not peer-reviewed | 6 |
By strength of evidence
| Rated in our summary | Studies |
|---|---|
| low | 1,568 |
| moderate | 432 |
| high | 169 |
| not rated | 5 |
Most frequent journals
| Journal | Studies |
|---|---|
| Alzheimer s & Dementia | 136 |
| Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD | 65 |
| Neurology | 50 |
| Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association | 33 |
| Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 33 |
| Innovation in Aging | 28 |
| Not indexed | 28 |
| medRxiv | 25 |
| Research Square | 23 |
| Neurobiology of aging | 20 |
Studies by year published
| Year | Studies | Bar |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 181 | |
| 2025 | 253 | |
| 2024 | 161 | |
| 2023 | 123 | |
| 2022 | 150 | |
| 2021 | 152 | |
| 2020 | 139 | |
| 2019 | 110 | |
| 2018 | 91 | |
| 2017 | 77 | |
| 2016 | 62 | |
| 2015 | 71 | |
| 2014 | 56 | |
| 2013 | 46 | |
| 2012 | 45 | |
| 2011 | 50 | |
| 2010 | 38 | |
| 2009 | 31 | |
| 2008 | 34 | |
| 2007 | 36 | |
| 2006 | 28 | |
| 2005 | 19 | |
| 2004 | 29 | |
| 2003 | 24 | |
| 2002 | 18 | |
| 2001 | 14 | |
| 2000 | 21 | |
| 1999 | 11 | |
| 1998 | 11 | |
| 1997 | 14 | |
| 1996 | 15 | |
| 1995 | 5 | |
| 1994 | 7 | |
| 1993 | 4 | |
| 1992 | 4 | |
| 1991 | 9 | |
| 1990 | 3 | |
| 1989 | 2 | |
| 1988 | 4 | |
| 1987 | 5 | |
| 1986 | 2 | |
| 1985 | 2 | |
| 1983 | 2 | |
| 1982 | 3 | |
| 1981 | 1 | |
| 1980 | 1 | |
| 1978 | 2 | |
| 1977 | 2 | |
| 1974 | 1 | |
| 1972 | 1 | |
| 1932 | 1 |
Counts the 2,171 studies with a usable publication date; 3 have none recorded. The library is a large sample of published work, not a complete index, so these counts describe the library, not the whole field.
Other subjects in the library
- Getting a diagnosis
- Biomarkers
- Clinical trials
- Prevention and risk
- Caregiving
- How common it is
- Costs and economics
- Genetics
- Laboratory science
- Disease mechanisms
- Vascular contributions
- Prevention trials
- Clinical safety
- Health systems and care delivery
- End-of-life care
- Digital health tools
- Treatments
- Disparities
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Risk genes beyond APOE
- Brain scans and imaging
- TREM2 and immune genetics
- Cognitive tests and assessment
- Lewy body dementia
- Down syndrome and Alzheimer's
- Long-term cohort studies
- Inflammation and the immune system
- Tau biomarkers
- Brain tissue and pathology
- Drug development
- Hippocampus size on brain scans