Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

These counts and lists are worked out from the library itself each time the page loads. A score rates how much weight a study can bear — its design, journal, evidence and recency — not whether its result is good news. How we score a study.

The 20 highest-scoring studies

  1. Atrial fibrillation and incidence of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Neurology · 2011-03-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  2. WMH and long-term outcomes in ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis Neurology · 2019-02-15 · · Peer-reviewed
  3. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial JAMA · 2003-05-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  4. Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019-07-09 · · Peer-reviewed
  5. Atrial fibrillation and the risk of incident dementia: a meta-analysis Heart rhythm · 2012-08-02 · · Peer-reviewed
  6. Efficacy and comparative effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic medications for off-label uses in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis JAMA · 2011-09-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  7. Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive functioning in brain disorders: a meta-analysis Psychological medicine · 2020-10-19 · · Peer-reviewed
  8. White matter hyperintensities and risks of cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 prospective studies Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020-11-11 · · Peer-reviewed
  9. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of cognitive impairment no dementia in the first year post-stroke European stroke journal · 2019-01-16 · · Peer-reviewed
  10. Meta-analysis of the Hachinski Ischemic Score in pathologically verified dementias Neurology · 1997-10-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  11. Cerebral small vessel disease and the risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based evidence Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2018-05-21 · · Peer-reviewed
  12. Hypertension is a potential risk factor for vascular dementia: systematic review International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2010-12-29 · · Peer-reviewed
  13. Efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in vascular dementia: positive results of a 24-week, multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial Stroke · 2003-09-11 · · Peer-reviewed
  14. Cognitive impairment after lacunar stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, prevalence and comparison with other stroke subtypes Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2013-03-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  15. Anterior temporal involvement in semantic word retrieval: voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping evidence from aphasia Brain : a journal of neurology · 2009-12-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  16. Association Between Cardiovascular Disease and Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution With the Risk of Dementia JAMA neurology · 2020-07-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  17. Progression of brain atrophy and cognitive decline in diabetes mellitus: a 3-year follow-up Neurology · 2010-09-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  18. The effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of aggression and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006-01-25 · · Peer-reviewed
  19. Cognitive impairment associated with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis Annals of internal medicine · 2013-03-01 · · Peer-reviewed
  20. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study Lancet (London, England) · 2023-06-12 · · Peer-reviewed

See all 546 studies in Vascular contributions, with filters →

Newest additions on this subject

All 546 studies in Vascular contributions, newest first →

What the library holds on this subject

By review status

StatusStudies
Peer-reviewed529
Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed15
Retracted — do not rely on it2

By usefulness score

Score bandStudies
70+23
50–69141
30–49364
Under 3018

By strength of evidence

Rated in our summaryStudies
low377
moderate131
high33
not rated5

Most frequent journals

JournalStudies
Neurology37
Stroke21
Alzheimer s & Dementia14
International journal of molecular sciences11
Archives of neurology9
Brain : a journal of neurology8
bioRxiv8
Annals of neurology6
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD6
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism6

Studies by year published

Vascular contributions studies in the library by year published
YearStudiesBar
202640
2025121
20248
202315
202220
202115
202022
201925
201818
201710
201611
20159
201415
201314
201210
20118
201016
20097
200818
200710
200613
200512
200420
20039
20029
200114
20009
19997
19987
19978
19964
19951
19943
19934
19922
19913
19883
19872
19861
19851
19841
19751

Counts the 546 studies with a usable publication date. The library is a large sample of published work, not a complete index, so these counts describe the library, not the whole field.

Other subjects in the library

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