Newest studies

Detecting dementia with the mini-mental state examination in highly educated individuals

58/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Archives of neurology

Key finding: Older patients with a college education who present with complaints of cognitive decline (reported by themselves or others) and score less than 27 on the MMSE are at a greater risk of being diagnosed with dementia and should be referred for a comprehensive dementia evaluation, including formal neuropsychological testing. +1 more finding

• Diagnosis

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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of aripiprazole for the treatment of psychosis in nursing home patients with Alzheimer disease

64/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: In nursing home residents with AD and psychosis, aripiprazole did not confer specific benefits for the treatment of psychotic symptoms; but psychological and behavioral symptoms, including agitation, anxiety, and depression, were improved with aripiprazole, with a low risk of AEs. +3 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Treatments
• Care Services

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Astrocyte phenotype in relation to Alzheimer-type pathology in the ageing brain

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Three staining patterns were associated with GFAP and excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2): minimal, moderate or extensive immunoreactivity. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Expression of a noncoding RNA is elevated in Alzheimer's disease and drives rapid feed-forward regulation of beta-secretase

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Nature medicine

Key finding: Recent efforts have revealed that numerous protein-coding messenger RNAs have natural antisense transcript partners, most of which seem to be noncoding RNAs.

• Brain Biology
• Policy

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Inhibition of glial inflammatory activation and neurotoxicity by tricyclic antidepressants

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Neuropharmacology

Key finding: The results showed that clomipramine and imipramine significantly decreased the production of nitric oxide or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in microglia and astrocyte cultures. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology

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Initiation and persistence of warfarin or aspirin in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation in general practice: do the appropriate patients receive stroke prophylaxis?

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH

Key finding: The low likelihood of patients with cAF in general practice remaining on treatment long-term indicates that not all benefits as observed in clinical trials may be achieved in usual clinical practice. +3 more findings

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Network analysis of intrinsic functional brain connectivity in Alzheimer's disease

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging PLoS computational biology

Key finding: In contrast, functional brain networks in AD showed loss of small-world properties, characterized by a significantly lower clustering coefficient (p<0.01), indicative of disrupted local connectivity. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Microbial translocation is associated with increased monocyte activation and dementia in AIDS patients

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety PloS one

Key finding: To determine whether high LPS levels are associated with increased monocyte activation and HAD, we obtained peripheral blood samples from AIDS patients and examined plasma LPS by Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay, peripheral blood monocytes by FACS, and soluble markers of monocyte activation by ELISA. +4 more findings

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High risk of cognitive and functional decline after postoperative delirium. A three-year prospective study

50/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders

Key finding: The present study confirms a poor prognosis after delirium in elderly patients. +3 more findings

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A meta-analysis of the accuracy of the mini-mental state examination in the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment

65/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Journal of psychiatric research

Key finding: Thus the case-finding ability of the MMSE was best when confirming a suspected diagnosis in specialist settings with correct identification made in 27/30 positive results. +1 more finding

• Diagnosis
• Early Stage
• Care Services

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Whole-brain atrophy rate and cognitive decline: longitudinal MR study of memory clinic patients

53/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Radiology

Key finding: Baseline brain volume was lowest in AD but did not differ significantly between MCI, subjective complaints, and control groups (P > .38). +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Early Stage

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Physical activity and risk of neurodegenerative disease: a systematic review of prospective evidence

65/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Psychological medicine

Key finding: We calculated pooled relative risk (RR) using a random effects model. +1 more finding

• Lifestyle

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Amyloid-β protein dimers isolated directly from Alzheimer's brains impair synaptic plasticity and memory

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Nature Medicine

Key finding: The oligomers potently inhibited long-term potentiation (LTP), enhanced long-term depression (LTD) and reduced dendritic spine density in normal rodent hippocampus. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Amyloid-beta deposits lead to retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

Key finding: Retinas of transgenic mice harboring a mutant presenilin (PS1) and a mutant APP gene were processed for TUNEL and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against APP, amyloid-beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and F4/80. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Decrease of evoked delta, theta and alpha coherences in Alzheimer patients during a visual oddball paradigm

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Brain research

Key finding: A total of 21 mild probable AD subjects (10 untreated, 11 treated) were compared with a group of 19 healthy controls. +3 more findings

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Limitations of the Mini-Mental State Examination for screening dementia in a community with low socioeconomic status: results from the Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study

56/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

Key finding: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the most widely used instrument for the screening of cognitive impairment worldwide, but its ability to produce valid estimates of dementia in populations of low socioeconomic status and minimal literacy skills has not been adequately established. +3 more findings

• Diagnosis
• Health Equity

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Interpreting the clinical significance of capacity scores for informed consent in Alzheimer disease clinical trials

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: Among mild to moderate AD patients, enrolled in an actual clinical trial, these results suggest evidence based guidelines for using the MacCAT-CR understanding subscale to help guide judgments about whether a patient has the capacity to consent. +2 more findings

• Clinical Trials

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Neuropsychological performance in advanced age: influences of demographic factors and Apolipoprotein E: findings from the Cache County Memory Study

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools The Clinical neuropsychologist

Key finding: The results indicate that advanced age and low education are related to lower test scores across nearly all of the neurocognitive measures.

• Genetics

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Stereotaxic probabilistic maps of the magnocellular cell groups in human basal forebrain

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging NeuroImage

Key finding: Both the right and left Ch4 regions showed significantly smaller volumes when age was considered as a covariate.

• Brain Scans

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The cost of cerebral ischaemia

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Neuropharmacology

Key finding: Stroke survivors often suffer from long-term neurological disabilities significantly reducing their ability to integrate effectively in society with all the financial and social consequences that this implies. +2 more findings

• Policy

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Enrichment of C-terminal fragments in TAR DNA-binding protein-43 cytoplasmic inclusions in brain but not in spinal cord of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

50/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology The American journal of pathology

Key finding: However, little is known about the relative abundance and distribution of different pathological TDP-43 species, which include hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and N-terminally cleaved TDP-43. +3 more findings

• Other Dementias

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Screening for dementia in primary care: a review of the use, efficacy and quality of measures

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment International psychogeriatrics

Key finding: Despite evidence that early identification of dementia is of growing policy and practice significance in the U.K., limited work has been done on evaluating screening measures for use in primary care. +3 more findings

• Diagnosis
• Care Services

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Down syndrome fibroblast model of Alzheimer-related endosome pathology: accelerated endocytosis promotes late endocytic defects

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's The American journal of pathology

Key finding: We found that, like neurons in both AD and DS brains, DS fibroblasts exhibit increased endocytic uptake, fusion, and recycling, and trafficking of lysosomal hydrolases to rab5-positive early endosomes. +2 more findings

• Down Syndrome

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Neuropsychological and psychiatric changes after deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a randomised, multicentre study

75/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors The Lancet. Neurology

Key finding: The primary outcome was the comparison of the effect of DBS with the best medical treatment on overall cognitive functioning (Mattis dementia rating scale). +2 more findings

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The effectiveness of a home care program for supporting caregivers of persons with dementia in developing countries: a randomised controlled trial from Goa, India

71/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving PloS one

Key finding: Home based support for caregivers of persons with dementia, which emphasizes the use of locally available, low-cost human resources, is feasible, acceptable and leads to significant improvements in caregiver mental health and burden of caring. +2 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Caregiving
• Care Services

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source