Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

This page is alzhub.org's plain-English summary of a published study, not the paper itself. It is generated from the record we hold for this study, sourced and linked below — check the original for the full text and methods.

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Risk genes beyond APOE

Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis

Purpose To compare the temporal and spatial expression patterns of amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid-beta deposits, inflammatory chemokines, and apoptosis in the retina of a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods Retinas of transgenic mice harboring a mutant presenilin (PS1) and a mutant APP gene were processed for TUNEL and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against APP, amyloid-beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and F4/80. Comparisons were made between age groups and between transgenic and wild-type congeners.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Ning, A., Cui, J., To, E., Ashe, K. H., & Matsubara, J. (2008). Amyloid-beta deposits lead to retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.08-1849

Vancouver

Ning A, Cui J, To E, Ashe KH, Matsubara J. Amyloid-beta deposits lead to retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2008. doi:10.1167/iovs.08-1849. PMID: 18566467.

BibTeX

@article{ning2008-18566467,
  author  = {Ning, A. and Cui, J. and To, E. and Ashe, K. H. and Matsubara, J.},
  title   = {{Amyloid-beta deposits lead to retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease}},
  journal = {Investigative ophthalmology \& visual science},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1167/iovs.08-1849},
  pmid    = {18566467},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.08-1849}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

Key findings

Why it matters

In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta deposits in the retina were linked to age-dependent increases in amyloid precursor protein and retinal degeneration. This is an animal study, so it does not yet show whether the same process happens in people or whether it can be treated.

Study details

How this study scored 45/100
How this study's score is builtJournal tier 7 of 10; Journal's citation record 3 of 4; Study design 0 of 12; Strength of evidence 1 of 5; Peer-review validation 10 of 10; How recent 1 of 5; Sample size 0 of 4; Effect reported 0 of 3; Studied in people 0 of 3; Randomized / blinded 0 of 2; Times cited 6 of 7; Citations per year 3 of 5; Impact for its field and year 3 of 6; Cited by studies here 2 of 6; Still being cited 2 of 4; Senior author's track record 2 of 4; Institution's track record 2 of 3; Multicenter collaboration 1 of 3; Indexed in PubMed 2 of 2; Free to read 0 of 2. Total 45 of 100.45 of 100 points earned55 not earned

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

ComponentPointsWhy
Journal tier 7 / 10 Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Investigative ophthalmology & visual science)
Journal's citation record 3 / 4 Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science: journal h-index 260 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design 0 / 12 No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence 1 / 5 Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation 10 / 10 Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent 1 / 5 2008 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size 0 / 4 Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported 0 / 3 No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people 0 / 3 Laboratory or animal study (title names “mouse”) — scores zero
Randomized / blinded 0 / 2 No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited 6 / 7 Cited 303 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year 3 / 5 15.2 citations a year over 20 year(s) since 2008
Impact for its field and year 3 / 6 Cited 6.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here 2 / 6 Cited by 9 other studies in this library
Still being cited 2 / 4 Cited 40 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record 2 / 4 Last-listed author Joanne Aiko Matsubara: h-index 40 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record 2 / 3 University of Minnesota: institution h-index 1,568 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration 1 / 3 OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 2 countries
Indexed in PubMed 2 / 2 Indexed in PubMed (PMID 18566467)
Free to read 0 / 2 Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total 45 / 100 —

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Studies in the library that share something with this one. The line above each title says what.

Studies this one cites

Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.

Later studies that cite this one

9 studies in the alzhub library list this one in their references. Showing the 8 highest-scoring.

Related studies in Risk genes beyond APOE

Also tagged “precursor”

1,337 studies in the library carry the topic tag “precursor”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 1,337 tagged studies.

Studies sharing this one's topic tags

Similar studies

More on Risk genes beyond APOE

See all studies in Risk genes beyond APOE →