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The cost of cerebral ischaemia
Flynn RW, MacWalter RS, Doney AS.. Neuropharmacology, 2008-06-05
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Cerebral ischaemia is a major cause of disability and death globally and has a profoundly negative impact on the individuals it affects, those that care for them and society as a whole. The most common and familiar manifestation is stroke, 85% of which are ischaemic and which is the second leading cause of death and most common cause of complex chronic disability worldwide. Stroke survivors often suffer from long-term neurological disabilities significantly reducing their ability to integrate effectively in society with all the financial and social consequences that this implies. These difficulties cascade to their next of kin who often become caregivers and are thus indirectly burdened. A more insidious consequence of cerebral ischaemia is progressive cognitive impairment causing dementia which although less abrupt is also associated with a significant long-term disability. Globally cerebrovascular diseases are responsible for 5.4 million deaths every year (1 in 10 of total). Approximately 3% of total healthcare expenditure is attributable to cerebral ischaemia with cerebrovascular diseases costing EU healthcare systems 21 billion euro in 2003. The cost to the wider economy (including informal care and lost productivity) is even greater with stroke costing the UK 7-8 billion pound in 2005 and the US $62.7 billion in 2007. Cerebrovascular disease cost the EU 34 billion euro in 2003. From 2005 to 2050 the anticipated cost of stroke to the US economy is estimated at $2.2 trillion. Given the global scale of the problem and the enormous associated costs it is clear that there is an urgent need for advances in the prevention of cerebral ischaemia and its consequences. Such developments would result in profound benefits for both individuals and their wider societies and address one of the world's most pre-eminent public health issues.
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APA 7th
Flynn, R. W., MacWalter, R. S., & Doney, A. S. (2008). The cost of cerebral ischaemia. Neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.031
Vancouver
Flynn RW, MacWalter RS, Doney AS. The cost of cerebral ischaemia. Neuropharmacology. 2008. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.031. PMID: 18573263.
BibTeX
@article{flynn2008-18573263,
author = {Flynn, R. W. and MacWalter, R. S. and Doney, A. S.},
title = {{The cost of cerebral ischaemia}},
journal = {Neuropharmacology},
year = {2008},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.031},
pmid = {18573263},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.031}
}
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Key findings
- Stroke survivors often suffer from long-term neurological disabilities significantly reducing their ability to integrate effectively in society with all the financial and social consequences that this implies.
- A more insidious consequence of cerebral ischaemia is progressive cognitive impairment causing dementia which although less abrupt is also associated with a significant long-term disability.
- Such developments would result in profound benefits for both individuals and their wider societies and address one of the world's most pre-eminent public health issues.
Study details
- Effect sizeor 5.4
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 40 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neuropharmacology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2008 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 18573263) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 23 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 40 out of 100. |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
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