Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
-
Among 160 centenarians, 63.7% did not meet the PCFP criteria and were classified as having dementia.
Why it matters
Among Colombian centenarians, frailty, alcohol intake and depression were linked to dementia, while physical activity, education, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and smoking showed no significant associations. This suggests traditional dementia risk factors may not apply universally and prevention must be tailored to specific settings.
-
Sample characteristics are shown in Table 1.
Why it matters
This study found that groups of MIND diet-associated plasma metabolites correlate with plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neurodegeneration, including ptau217, NfL, and GFAP. It states that mediation analysis will examine whether these metabolites mediate the relationship between the MIND diet and plasma biomarkers, so these findings highlight potential metabolic pathways rather than a proven prevention or treatment.
-
A total of 88 validated scales were identified.
Why it matters
This rapid review identified 88 validated scales but found no scales validated for people living with dementia measuring dignity, engagement in advance care planning, feeling safe and secure, hygiene or safety incidents. It concerns measurement tools for care quality, not a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
-
CAD did not differ across biomarker groups (Kruskal–Wallis H(2) = 0.17, p = 0.91).
Why it matters
This study found that cognitive age did not differ across biomarker groups, but higher vocabulary scores, a proxy for cognitive reserve, were related to a younger cognitive age. Amyloid and vascular pathology had limited influence at preclinical stages, suggesting that cognitive reserve may help identify protective factors for prevention.
-
Age and years of education (YOE) were identified as independent clinical risk factors for PD-MCI.
Why it matters
This study combined striatal MRI radiomics features with clinical factors to predict mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, with the best model reaching an AUC of 0.852 in training and 0.790 in testing. The authors state the model's generalizability is unconfirmed and further validation is required before any consideration of clinical application.
-
40/100
BackgroundLifetime incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Down syndrome (DS) exceeds 90%.
Why it matters
Adults with Down syndrome have a lifetime Alzheimer's incidence above 90%. In 75 adults with Down syndrome whose activity was measured with accelerometers, those with obesity but high moderate-to-vigorous physical activity did better on memory, executive function and dementia-symptom measures than less active groups, with or without obesity. This is consistent with the idea that physical activity may soften some negative effects of obesity on cognition in a population at very high Alzheimer's risk.
-
About 65% of caregivers used at least one support service, with 52% utilizing home-based services and 52% community-based services.
Why it matters
This study found that family caregivers of people with dementia in the most deprived rural areas were less likely to use support services compared to those in less deprived areas. It highlights the need for better access to services but does not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
-
40/100
Sex influences cognitive aging and dementia, yet research on the impact of female-specific factors, such as parity and fetal sex, on later-life cognition remains limited and equivocal.
Why it matters
Among women with dementia, higher parity was linked to worse episodic memory but better executive function, and a greater ratio of sons to daughters was linked to worse executive function. These relationships were not seen in cognitively normal women or those with mild cognitive impairment, suggesting female-specific factors should be considered in research and treatment.
-
To study the use of a dementia screening tool in our clinic cohort of adults with Down syndrome.
Why it matters
In this clinic cohort, the NTG-EDSD lacked sufficient accuracy as a stand-alone dementia screening tool for adults with Down syndrome. It may still be useful for guiding caregiver conversations, but no cutoff score provided both good sensitivity and specificity.
-
We dissociated four key cognitive components underlying remote thinking: spontaneous associative thinking, inhibition of unoriginal responses, intentional remote associative thinking, and verbal initiation; and replicated them in three independent datasets.
Why it matters
This study identified four cognitive components of remote thinking and found that patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia were impaired in three of them, with two components mediating the link between brain atrophy and creative ability. It advances understanding of creative thinking and its impairment but offers no treatment, cure or prevention.
-
Only FCSRT-IR LTR rates sufficiently differentiated SCD from HC (AUC of 0.701; 95% CI 0.537-0.865).
Why it matters
This study found that a long-term retrieval measure from the FCSRT-IR differentiated subjective cognitive decline from healthy controls and was moderately associated with CA1 hippocampal volume. The authors suggest this measure and its related brain circuits may help identify people at risk for future cognitive decline, but it is a marker study and does not test treatment, cure, or prevention.
-
anxiety and depression symptoms (HADS), functional autonomy (DAD-6), global cognition (MoCA), and quality of life (WHOQOL).
Why it matters
Compared with standard care, the CareMENS model was linked to greater improvement in depression scores and, in patients with high baseline anxiety, in anxiety scores. There were no significant differences in cognition or functional autonomy, so the model did not show a cognitive benefit.
-
40/100
To determine downstream revenue of neurologists compared with nonneurologists after incident diagnostic visits by analysis of Medicare claims.
Why it matters
In Medicare claims, patients first diagnosed with one of five neurologic conditions (MS, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy or other seizures, dementia, and autoimmune neuromuscular conditions) generated "significantly greater downstream revenue" when a neurologist guided their evaluation and treatment rather than a nonneurologist. The neurologists' own share of reimbursement was described as "minimal" compared with other specialties. This is a billing analysis with no dementia-only result reported here. It says nothing about whether patients did better, and it is not evidence about treating or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
-
Exposure to accelerated epigenetic aging was significantly associated with a higher risk of transition from NC to MCI as well as progression from MCI to dementia.
Why it matters
This study found that accelerated epigenetic aging was associated with higher risk of transitioning from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment, and some clocks predicted transition from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, with stronger associations in non-White participants. It does not test a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
-
N = 48 community-based dyads completed the LEAD intervention, with N = 43 answering open-ended questions.
Why it matters
In a small group of 48 pairs of people with early Alzheimer's or other dementias and their care partners, taking part in an advance care planning programme was linked to feeling more connected and more agreement on care planning. It does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
-
Caregiver self-efficacy significantly improved in the IIG compared with the WLG ( P = .042) with a moderate effect size ( d = 0.64).
Why it matters
In this pilot test, Latino family caregivers who received the Aprendiendo Juntos intervention showed significantly improved self-efficacy and confidence in providing complex care compared with a waitlist group, with effects sustained at 24 weeks. It is a pilot study of caregiver training, not a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
-
Mild cognitive impairment progresses slowly and may be reversible, providing a window of opportunity for intervention before it progresses to Alzheimer's disease, at which point treatments, at best, ameliorate symptoms with little efficacy towards delaying disease progression.
Why it matters
A review of five randomized controlled trials found that daily probiotic supplementation improved total cognitive test scores in most studies and at least one cognitive subdomain in all studies, compared with placebo. The authors suggest probiotics may improve cognition in MCI, but this is a literature review and does not establish a cure or confirm long-term prevention of dementia.
-
Several interconnected themes were identified as potential resources that enable recovery from delirium: (a) social contact and recovery of social lives; (b) the need for information, support, and education; (c) personalisation and personhood; (d) relationship continuity with professional carers; (e) the experience and involvement of carers; and (f) treating the cause and healthy lifestyle.
Why it matters
This qualitative study identified themes that may enable recovery from delirium, including social contact, information and support, personalisation, relationship continuity with professional carers, carer involvement, and treating the cause and healthy lifestyle. It addresses gaps in long-term delirium treatment at home but does not report outcomes for Alzheimer's disease treatment or cure.
-
Dementia is a degenerative and chronic disorder, increasingly prevalent among older adults, posing significant challenges in providing appropriate care.
Why it matters
This paper presents an artificial intelligence technique for automated detection and classification of dementia using MRI. It is about diagnosis, not treatment, cure, or prevention.
-
The objective of this study was to investigate the cost of care for patients with a primary diagnosis of dementia in Swiss hospitals under the new TARPSY reimbursement system.
Why it matters
This study analyzed the cost of psychiatric inpatient treatment for dementia in Swiss hospitals under the TARPSY reimbursement system, finding rising case and daily costs with decreasing length of stay. It is a cost analysis and provides no information on treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
-
Median survival from symptom onset was longest in SD (11.9 years) and shortest in LPA (7 years).
Why it matters
Median survival from symptom onset differed across frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease subtypes, ranging from 7 years in LPA to 11.9 years in SD. Demographic and presenting clinical features provide valuable prognostic insights for survival.
-
IFAD activities led to substantial progress in dementia care services, with memory clinics, residential care facilities and daycare centres mapped, revealing regional disparities in service provision.
Why it matters
This review of Italy's public health response found that modifiable risk factors accounted for 39.5% of dementia cases, with an estimated 67,000 cases preventable through risk reduction. It highlights the importance of national guidelines and prevention strategies, but does not test any specific treatment or cure.
-
Palliative care is essential for patients with serious illness, including those with dementia.
Why it matters
This article presents a case study and tools for providing culture-centred palliative care to Latino older adults with dementia and their families. It does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
-
In Africa in 2021, 17·3 (95% UI 15·5-19·2) million DALYs were lost due to strokes, 17·6 (15·5-19·6) million were lost due to ischaemic heart diseases, and 1·8 (0·8-4·0) million were lost due to dementia.
Why it matters
This analysis of Global Burden of Disease data shows dementia burden in Africa is the lowest among five continents by age-standardised rate, while stroke and ischemic heart disease rates are the highest, with cases doubling from 1990 to 2021. It calls for targeted strategies to protect brain health in Africa given limited health resources.
-
With the aging of the population, the number of persons with dementia is expected to increase worldwide, making the establishment of preventive strategies for dementia an urgent issue.
Why it matters
This review of multidomain intervention trials reports that some trials showed benefits on cognitive outcomes in older adults at risk for dementia, while others, including three in the 2020s, failed to show significant cognitive improvement. It suggests these interventions may protect against cognitive decline, but the evidence is not consistent.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Acceptance Factors and Barriers to the Implementation of Digital Interventions in Older People with Dementia and/or Their Caregivers: An Umbrella Review
- Correlations of synaptic and pathological markers with cognition of the elderly
- Cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease
- The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS): a multicultural cognitive assessment scale
- CORDIAL: cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral treatment for early dementia in Alzheimer disease: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial
- Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline in the Framingham Heart Study
- The neuropathology of schizophrenia. A critical review of the data and their interpretation
- Depressive symptoms and risk of dementia: the Framingham Heart Study
- Influence of social network on occurrence of dementia: a community-based longitudinal study
- The Health Effects of Aluminum Exposure