Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Frailty status (prefrail/frail n = 520, robust n = 625) at baseline did not modify the effect of intervention on global cognition during the 2-year follow-up (P-value for frailty × intervention × time interaction > .05).
Why it matters
This study found that frailty status at baseline did not modify the effect of a multidomain lifestyle intervention on global cognition over two years, and that a multidomain intervention is likely to be beneficial to cognition regardless of frailty status. It suggests prefrail participants seemed particularly responsive and that the prefrailty stage may be an optimal time for such an intervention.
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Hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and arthritis additively accounted for 71.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.9%-79.1%) of ADRD incident cases based on LE-AAF.
Why it matters
This study found that eight chronic conditions, led by hypertension, together accounted for 71.8% of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias cases, with acute myocardial infarction not contributing significantly. It suggests that targeting cardiovascular conditions may contribute most to lowering dementia risk.
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The review analyzed 61 articles and identified a consistent positive correlation between physical activity and stress reduction.
Why it matters
This review is about physical activity, stress and life habits in university students and contains no information on Alzheimer's disease. It reports no findings relevant to treating, curing or preventing dementia.
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Seizures in people with dementia (PWD) are associated with faster cognitive decline and worse clinical outcomes.
Why it matters
This study found that active seizures in people with dementia were associated with earlier death and more severe Alzheimer's disease pathology at post-mortem compared to remote seizures. It suggests that controlling seizures may be important for outcomes in people with dementia, though the study does not test whether seizure treatment changes disease progression.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients.
Why it matters
This review is about oxidative stress and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes, and it does not address Alzheimer's disease. It describes molecular mechanisms linking hyperglycemia to cardiovascular damage and examines whether lifestyle changes such as diet and physical activity can reduce oxidative stress, with no dementia findings.
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= 0.008). Deficits in medial temporal CVR are observed in older adults with MCI and are related to worse memory function.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study found that deficits in medial temporal cerebrovascular reactivity are present in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and are linked to worse memory, independent of Alzheimer's pathophysiologic markers. Because the design is cross-sectional, it cannot show whether these early cerebrovascular changes predict progressive memory decline; longitudinal studies are needed.
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52/100
Adjudicated AKI, which was largely mild and reversible, was independently associated with increased risk of probable dementia and the composite of probable dementia and MCI in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.
Why it matters
In this cohort of older adults from the SPRINT trial, adjudicated acute kidney injury was associated with probable dementia and a composite of mild cognitive impairment and probable dementia. The authors note the study is retrospective and associative, so it does not show that preventing acute kidney injury prevents dementia.
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Of 4930 participants, 2052 (41%) had MCI.
Why it matters
Among participants with mild cognitive impairment, excessive daytime napping and nighttime sleep were linked to worse cognition, cognitive decline and higher dementia risk. These findings suggest excessive sleep may be a warning sign, but they do not show that changing sleep habits prevents dementia.
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=0.03), indicating improved executive function.
Why it matters
This pilot randomized controlled trial found that a home-based hybrid cognitive training programme improved frontal executive function, with no significant differences in attention or memory. It suggests possible benefit for executive function, but it does not show that the training treats, cures or prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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This study summarizes the existing literature on TSPO expression in specific regions of the brain in patients with dementia, and also provides some preliminary evidence on the possible association between neuroinflammation and dementia.
Why it matters
Combining 12 PET imaging studies, this meta-analysis found that TSPO, a marker of brain inflammation, was significantly raised in people with dementia, especially in the hippocampus, a memory center. Higher inflammation in the prefrontal lobe and cingulate gyrus was associated with cognitive impairment. The authors call this preliminary evidence of a link between brain inflammation and dementia and urge caution because of differences between studies.
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People with MCI are at increased risk of developing AD.
Why it matters
This is a protocol for a network meta-analysis that will compare nutritional interventions for preventing cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. No conclusions about which nutritional interventions work are available yet.
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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease of growing interest, since it accounts for up to 10% of middle-age-onset dementias and entails a social, economic, and emotional burden for the patients and caregivers.
Why it matters
This review summarises current knowledge on the causes, genetics, diagnosis and biomarkers of frontotemporal dementia. It is a descriptive overview and does not report testing of any treatment, cure or prevention.
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The machine learning model developed in this study demonstrated strong classification performance in detecting and differentiating depression, anxiety, and apathy.
Why it matters
A machine learning model using speech and facial expressions detected and distinguished depression, anxiety and apathy in 319 older adults with mild cognitive impairment, with a weighted-average F1 score of 96.6%. This is about detecting these symptoms, which can help predict progression to dementia, but it does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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"The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society" (NAMS) updates "The 2017 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society" and identifies future research needs.
Why it matters
This position statement addresses hormone therapy for menopause symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms and the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, and for prevention of bone loss and fracture. It reports no treatment, cure or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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Visual impairment and interventions to preserve vision may impact dementia risk.
Why it matters
In over 300,000 UK Biobank participants, this study examined whether having cataracts or cataract surgery was linked to dementia risk. It found associations that may point to vision as a factor, but it cannot prove that cataract surgery prevents dementia.
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On long-term follow-up (median 15 years; minimum-maximum, 0-20), participants developed cardiometabolic disease (hypertension [1255 events]; diabetes [381 events]), chronic kidney disease (529 events), dementia (235 events), cardiovascular disease (684 events) a
Why it matters
This study evaluated whether arterial stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, is associated with long-term risk of health outcomes including dementia. It is an observational study of a possible risk factor and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Using worldwide health data, researchers project that the number of people living with dementia will nearly triple by 2050, from about 57 million in 2019 to about 153 million.
Why it matters
Global dementia cases are projected to nearly triple by 2050, from about 57 million in 2019 to about 153 million, mostly because populations are growing and aging. Rising obesity, high blood sugar, and smoking are expected to add cases, partly offset by more people getting more education.
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The clinical prediction model can play a beneficial role in decision-making for preventative measures for patients at risk of developing a delirium.
Why it matters
This study developed a machine learning clinical prediction model to preoperatively predict postoperative delirium in geriatric hip fracture patients, using variables including age, ASA class, functional status, and preoperative dementia. The model reached good discrimination and almost perfect calibration.
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52/100
Reduced ED attendances in the first wave of the pandemic suggest opportunities for reducing low severity presentations to ED in the future, but also raise the possibility of harm from delayed or missed care.
Why it matters
This study compared emergency department and acute medical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic with the prior year. It found that COVID-19 admissions were enriched for dementia among other conditions, but it did not study the treatment, cure or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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Physical activity and exercise can improve cognitive function and reduce the risk for dementia.
Why it matters
This narrative review reports that physical activity can improve cognitive function and reduce dementia risk, that exercise improves sleep, and that a small number of cross-sectional studies suggest sleep may mediate some effects of activity on cognition. It states that the literature is minimal and causal relationships have not been examined, so no firm prevention recommendation can be drawn.
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Overall, our results highlight that the likelihood of progression from MCI to dementia is very similar to that of reversion from MCI to NC.
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Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is a form of Alzheimer-type neurofibrillary degeneration occurring in the absence of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques.
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Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04821960; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04821960.
Why it matters
This is a protocol for a trial testing a web-based mindfulness program to reduce fear of memory loss in older adults. No results are available yet, and the study is about fear and quality of life, not about treating or preventing Alzheimer's disease itself.
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Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) is a neuroinvasive virus capable of entering the brain which makes it a candidate pathogen for increasing risk of dementia.
Why it matters
This study investigated whether infection with herpes simplex virus 1 is related to cognitive decline and dementia risk in a population-based group. Previous findings on this link have been inconsistent, so this study aimed to clarify the relationship.
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The prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean is growing rapidly, increasing the burden placed on caregivers.
Why it matters
This review describes the challenges of dementia caregiving in Latin America and the Caribbean and proposes regional actions and brain health diplomacy to address them. It is about caregiving and health policy, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Identifying the optimal combinations of modifiable dementia risk factors to target in multidomain intervention – Three-year longitudinal findings from the Canadian longitudinal study on aging
- Assessment of behavioral problems in dementia: the revised memory and behavior problems checklist
- Social isolation, loneliness, genetic risk, and incident dementia in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study
- Efficacy and safety of Shenmayizhi decoction as an adjuvant treatment for vascular dementia: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- Clinical parameters predicted the progression to dementia in oldest old patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
- Sports concussions and aging: a neuroimaging investigation
- Unifying framework for cognitive training interventions in brain aging
- Huntington's disease: present treatments and future therapeutic modalities
- Prevalence of dementia in the United States: the aging, demographics, and memory study
- The impact of the quality of relationship on the experiences and wellbeing of caregivers of people with dementia: a systematic review