Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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A total of 798 patients (154 with probable DLB and 644 with AD) were included, and the mean age was 81.4 years (SD 6.33).
Why it matters
Among 798 patients, those with dementia with Lewy bodies had significantly more impaired intrinsic capacity across all domains, including vitality, locomotion, psychology and hearing, than those with Alzheimer's disease. The authors suggest early monitoring and personalized interventions in memory clinics, but the study does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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This Viewpoint discusses age-specific dementia prevalence rates, their decline during 40 years, and the subsequent effect on dementia incidence.
Why it matters
This Viewpoint describes how age-specific dementia prevalence rates have declined over 40 years and how that decline affects dementia incidence. It does not report any treatment, cure, or prevention intervention.
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Of the 11,981 patients with sepsis, fungal pathogens were identified in 3.4% of cases.
Why it matters
This study is about fungal pathogens in sepsis and reports that dementia was more prevalent in patients without hemato-oncologic malignancies. It does not examine dementia treatment, cure or prevention, and its findings are not relevant to Alzheimer's disease care.
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53/100
Of 11 327 324 Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in hospice between 2010 and 2020 who met eligibility criteria (mean [SD] age, 85.2 [7.5] years; 781 763 [63.0%] female), there were 958 182 (8.4%) with a primary diagnosis of AD, 232 864 (2.1%) with PD, and 49 340 (0.4%) with DLB.
Why it matters
This cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries found that hospice use patterns differed by dementia subtype, with people with Parkinson's disease more likely to revoke hospice compared with Alzheimer's disease. It is about end-of-life care experiences, not about treating, curing or preventing dementia.
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The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) places growing strains on family caregivers.
Why it matters
This study looked at what caregivers want from AI tools and reviewed existing AI applications for dementia care. It found a gap between what caregivers need, such as emotional and social support, and what current AI solutions offer.
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Of the 20,660 patients who visited the ER, 1,486 patients who were transported by ambulance were included in this study.
Why it matters
This cohort study found that about 20% of patients transported by ambulance had delirium on arrival at the emergency room. Older age, past history of dementia and psychiatric illness, lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores, and needing oxygen therapy were associated with delirium at presentation.
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Analysis included a total of 121 145 patients in non-D-SNP plans with an enrollment of 173 662 patient-years (mean [SD] age, 81.8 [7.8] years; 122 565 female [70.6%]; 6078 Asian [3.5%], 34 150 Black [19.7%], 37 580 Hispanic [21.6%], 95 854 White [55.2%]) and 78 166 patients in D-SNP plans with an enrollment of 122 681 patient-years (mean [SD] age, 80.2 [8.0] years; 87 329 female [71.2%]; 10 530 Asian [8.6%], 33 280 Black [27.1%], 43 294 Hispanic [35.3%], 35 577 White [29.0%]).
Why it matters
This study compared outcomes for dual-eligible beneficiaries with dementia in different types of Medicare Advantage plans and found no statistical differences in preventable hospitalizations or avoidable emergency department visits between D-SNPs and non-D-SNP plans. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease, though it found lower rates of preventable hospitalizations and readmissions in FIDE SNPs.
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Significant hazard ratios (HRs) for dementia incidence were found using the MMSE cutoff between 23 and 24 point (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.13-3.27) and the J-Cog cutoff between 43 and 44 points (HR 2.42, 95% CI 1.50-3.93).
Why it matters
In this case-control study, the computer-based Japan Cognitive Function Test predicted dementia incidence with a higher hazard ratio and better fit than the MMSE and can be administered by nonprofessionals. This is about improving cognitive screening in the community, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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This systematic review aims to elucidate the neuropathological basis of the HIDA and psychosis domains, exploring whether distinct proteinopathies and neural circuit dysfunctions are associated with these symptoms.
Why it matters
From 846 records, 37 studies were reviewed to see what brain changes lie behind hyperactive and psychotic symptoms in dementia. Multiple abnormal proteins often occurred together, including tau, TDP-43 and Lewy-related pathology. The evidence suggests that tau and mixed protein build-up in key regions such as the amygdala, an emotion-processing area, are central to the development of these symptoms.
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Over a mean follow-up of 14.6 years, 7.7% of the participants (n = 614) developed dementia.
Why it matters
This study found that cardiometabolic multimorbidity was associated with the highest risk of dementia onset, with significantly greater risk among Black and Hispanic participants compared with White adults without disease. The authors highlight the value of intervening in cardiometabolic conditions to reduce dementia risk, but no intervention was tested.
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Of 4240 patients included in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 75 [7] years; 2327 [54.9%] female), 1991 were diagnosed with CRC and 2249 with NSCLC.
Why it matters
This study examined use of high-cost cancer drugs among Medicare beneficiaries with colorectal or lung cancer. It provides no information on treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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At baseline, no significant difference (P > .05) existed between the groups in the scores: (1) for cognitive function on the MMSE or MoCA, (2) for the physiological, psychological, social, and environmental domains and the total score on the WHOQOL-BREF, or (3) for self-efficacy on the GSES scores.
Why it matters
This randomized controlled trial found that standardized management for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment improved cognitive function, quality of life, self-efficacy, and medication adherence at 6 months. It does not test a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease specifically.
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Cognitive impairment is an increasingly recognized comorbidity of diabetes, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood.
Why it matters
In 654 memory clinic patients, this study examined whether diabetes and silent MRI markers of cerebrovascular disease together affect cognitive decline and dementia risk. It identifies risk factors and interactions but does not test treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
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Of the 60 000 869 beneficiaries included (50 853 806 aged 65 years or older [84.8%]; 32 567 891 female [54.3%]; 5 555 571 Hispanic [9.3%]; 6 318 194 non-Hispanic Black [10.5%]; 44 384 980 non-Hispanic White [74.0%]), there were 4 312 496 (7.2%) with highly likely ADRD, 1 124 080 (1.9%) with likely ADRD, and 2 572 176 (4.3%) with possible ADRD, totaling more than 8.0 million with diagnostic evidence of at least possible ADRD.
Why it matters
This study describes a method for identifying Medicare beneficiaries who have diagnostic evidence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias using claims data. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention, and the authors say the method needs validation before being adopted for national surveillance.
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MAF supplementation improved cognitive function, especially after 6 months, in elderly people undergoing rehabilitation.
Why it matters
In a randomized trial, forty-three older adults in daycare rehabilitation without cognitive problems received placebo, dietary guidance to cut advanced glycation end products (AGEs), or dietary guidance plus macrophage-activating factor (MAF) supplements. Scores on a mild cognitive impairment screen improved significantly with MAF, especially after 6 months, and diet change beat placebo after 12 months. The authors conclude these simple steps may help cognition, though supervising meals during dietary guidance was difficult.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, home health agencies (HHAs) discharges following acute hospitalizations increased.
Why it matters
Before the pandemic, Black and Hispanic patients with dementia were more likely than white patients to be discharged to below-average quality home health agencies. This describes disparities in post-hospital care, not any treatment or cure for the disease.
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NH Black and Hispanic beneficiaries with dementia had higher disease course Medicare expenditures than NH Whites.
Why it matters
This cohort study found that adjusted mean total Medicare expenditures for non-Hispanic Black ($165,730) and Hispanic beneficiaries with dementia ($160,442) exceeded those for non-Hispanic White beneficiaries ($136,326). It documents racial and ethnic differences in Medicare expenditures during the dementia disease course rather than testing treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Higher levels of physical activity are known to benefit aspects of brain health across the lifespan.
Why it matters
This review discusses evidence on sedentary behavior and brain health across the lifespan, suggesting that whether sedentary time is cognitively active or cognitively passive may influence associations with brain health outcomes including dementia risk. It outlines challenges and opportunities for future research and reports no treatment, cure, or prevention.
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53/100
Future studies need to examine underlying processes and develop interventions to reduce disparities while also being more broadly inclusive of diverse populations.
Why it matters
This scoping review found that minoritized populations are less likely to receive an accurate and timely dementia diagnosis, be prescribed anti-dementia medications, and use hospice care, and more likely to be hospitalized and receive aggressive life-sustaining treatment at the end of life. It calls for studies to examine underlying processes and develop interventions to reduce these disparities.
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Perceived greater access to greenspaces (estimate = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.40–4.26) and greater time in neighborhood greenspaces were associated with greater RI scores (estimate = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.24–3.35).
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study, perceived access to and time in green spaces were linked to greater resilience against Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, while discrimination and neighborhood deprivation were linked to greater vulnerability. The authors note future work needs to validate these measures and examine them in diverse populations and over time.
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The 21-point Brain Care Score (BCS) was developed through a modified Delphi process in partnership with practitioners and patients to promote behavior changes and lifestyle choices in order to sustainably reduce the risk of dementia and stroke.
Why it matters
This study tested whether a 21-point Brain Care Score, based on lifestyle and behavior factors, is linked to the risk of developing dementia and stroke. A higher score was associated with lower risk, suggesting that lifestyle choices may help reduce risk, though this does not prove cause and effect.
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We examined factors associated with self-reported medication nonadherence in well-characterized community-based cohort of older adults.
Why it matters
In this community-based cohort of older adults, younger age, physical inactivity and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with medication nonadherence, while neither area-level nor individual-level socioeconomic status showed any association. Among nonadherent participants, 77.4% reported not taking medication as directed because of poor memory.
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Lenore Ackerman *Correspondence: David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1738 telephone: 310-794-0206; E-mail Address: [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4192-7649 Department of Urology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003430AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Overactive bladder, including symptoms of increased urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence, is more prevalent than diabetes, affecting 1 in 6 adults in the United States.1,2 Occurring more commonly among women and older adults, untreated overactive bladder is associated with reduced quality of life, increased incidence of depression and anxiety, increased risk of experiencing falls/fractures, and increased institutionalization.
Why it matters
This review discusses treatment guidelines for overactive bladder, a condition more common than diabetes that is linked to falls, fractures, depression and institutionalization. It does not report any findings about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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499·2 million new cases of preventable major NCDs would occur globally by 2030 if the prevalence of physical inactivity does not change, with direct health-care costs of INT$520 billion.
Why it matters
This analysis estimated the public health-care costs of diseases including dementia that are attributable to physical inactivity, to help policy makers prioritize investment in promoting activity. It frames physical inactivity as an important modifiable risk factor for these conditions.
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Adherence to Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) may lower the risk of dementia by impacting immunity and cholesterol, which are pathways also implicated by genome-wide association studies of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD).
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: predictors of dementia
- Automated remote longitudinal neuropsychological testing with the California Cognitive Assessment Battery
- Associations between single and multiple cardiometabolic diseases and cognitive abilities in 474 129 UK Biobank participants
- Functional deactivations: change with age and dementia of the Alzheimer type
- Tooth loss as a risk factor for dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 observational studies
- Circadian rhythm disorders in sleep-waking and body temperature in elderly patients with dementia and their treatment
- Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among older adults in long-term care homes: a systematic review
- Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adult Day Services and the Families They Serve
- How does Australian primary care face dementia? Identifying current practice and barriers in dementia diagnosis and management in Australian primary care – a qualitative interview study
- Validation of Wellbeing Scales Among Informal Caregivers of Latinos With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias