Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The aim of this study was to investigate whether adherence to conventional dietary recommendations or to a modified Mediterranean diet are associated with a subsequent lower risk of developing all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), or with future accumulation of AD-related β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology.
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We aimed to investigate whether the increased risk of dementia among individuals with diabetes can be offset by a broad combination of healthy lifestyle factors.
Why it matters
This prospective UK Biobank study asked whether a combination of seven healthy lifestyle factors can offset the higher dementia risk in people with type 2 diabetes. It reports an association between lifestyle and dementia risk, which cannot by itself prove that lifestyle changes prevent dementia.
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Our findings suggest a high global dementia prevalence in LAC countries and an unequal burden of dementia for women, lower-educated, and rural residents.
Why it matters
Pooled data from Latin America and the Caribbean showed a dementia prevalence of 10.66%, with higher rates in women, rural residents, and people with no formal education. These findings highlight groups bearing a heavier dementia burden and point to public health prevention efforts, but they do not test any treatment or cure.
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The dementia population is increasing as the world's population is growing older.
Why it matters
This systematic review of 78 studies found that most digital cognitive biomarkers from computerized tests achieved comparable or better diagnostic performance than traditional paper-and-pencil tests for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. These tools may help detect these conditions, but they do not provide a treatment, cure or prevention.
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Although sleep, physical activity and sedentary behavior have been found to be associated with dementia risk, findings are inconsistent and their joint relationship remains unclear.
Why it matters
In over 431,000 UK Biobank participants, this study examined independent and joint associations of sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior with dementia risk. It identifies modifiable behaviors linked to risk but does not test whether changing them prevents dementia.
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Individual cardiometabolic disorders and genetic factors are associated with an increased dementia risk; however, the relationship between dementia and cardiometabolic multimorbidity is unclear.
Why it matters
This study investigated whether cardiometabolic multimorbidity increases the risk of dementia regardless of genetic risk, and examined associated brain structural changes. It is an observational cohort study of a possible risk factor and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Poor social health is likely associated with cognitive decline and risk of dementia; however, studies show inconsistent results.
Why it matters
This study used two longitudinal population-based cohorts to test whether loneliness and social support are independently associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk, and whether depressive symptoms confound the association. It is observational, so it cannot prove that reducing loneliness would prevent cognitive decline or dementia.
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The relationship between mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is intricate and still not well investigated.
Why it matters
This study looked at whether amyloid plaques in the brain help explain the link between mild behavioral impairment and cognitive problems in older adults without dementia. It suggests amyloid may play a mediating role, but it does not test any treatment or show that treating amyloid improves behavior or thinking.
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Chronic obesity is associated with several complications, including cognitive impairment and dementia.
Why it matters
This study investigated possible links between midlife obesity, its metabolic consequences such as hypertension and diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and cognitive decline. It is an observational cohort study that may help identify risk factors but does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Given the wealth of existing literature, future research should avoid simple risk factor evaluation except for novel candidates, validate existing prognostic models where possible, and instead focus on interventional research.
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The review highlights characteristics that could help identify patients at risk of ED attendance near the end of life and potential service-related factors to reduce risks.
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Oldest-old eating less and having diets with less variety and nutrient density were more frequent among subjects with dementia.
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High blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for ischaemic heart disease, stroke, other cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease and dementia.
Why it matters
This review notes that high blood pressure is a risk factor for dementia, among other diseases, and that lowering blood pressure through diet and treatment can help. It supports managing blood pressure as a way to reduce dementia risk, but does not test a specific Alzheimer's treatment.
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Anticholinergic medication burden in schizophrenia is substantial, common, conferred by multiple medication classes, and associated with cognitive impairments across all cognitive domains.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study found that higher anticholinergic medication burden was associated with worse cognitive performance across all domains tested in people with schizophrenia. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Delirium increases risk of future cognitive decline and dementia, independent of illness severity and baseline cognition, with more episodes associated with worse cognitive outcomes.
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60/100
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is common and disabling, and is linked to functional impairment and increased mortality.
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Beneficiaries had an average age of 75.3 years and were predominately female (59%) and non-Hispanic whites (93%).
Why it matters
This study validated ICD-10 claims-based definitions of dementia against clinician adjudication, with the best-performing definition showing excellent accuracy. This improves how dementia can be identified in Medicare data for research and planning, but it does not treat, cure, or prevent the disease.
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This simple and feasible cognitive impairment prediction model could identify community-dwelling elderly people at the greatest 3-year risk for cognitive impairment, which could help community nurses in the early identification of dementia.
Why it matters
This study developed and validated a machine learning model to predict 3-year risk of cognitive impairment among 6,718 Chinese community-dwelling older people with normal cognition. It is a risk prediction tool, not a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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In this large cohort of older adults, long-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased dementia incidence.
Why it matters
In this French cohort of older adults followed for 12 years, long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) was linked to a higher risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. This supports air pollution as a possible modifiable risk factor, but it does not show that reducing pollution prevents dementia.
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60/100
MBI and SCD together were associated with the greatest risk of decline.
Why it matters
In this study of 2,769 cognitively normal older adults, mild behavioral impairment and subjective cognitive decline each predicted cognitive and functional decline over three years, and having both conferred the highest risk. These findings support using these states to identify people at risk, but the study tested no treatment or prevention.
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Overall age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence was estimated to be 6·0% (95% CI 5·8-6·3) for dementia, 3·9% (3·8-4·1) for Alzheimer's disease, 1·6% (1·5-1·7) for vascular dementia, and 0·5% (0·5-0·6) for other dementias.
Why it matters
This survey of adults aged 60 and over in China estimated that, after adjusting for age and sex, 6·0% had dementia (3·9% Alzheimer's disease, 1·6% vascular dementia and 0·5% other types). A further 15·5% had mild cognitive impairment, which the authors put at about 38·77 million people. It is a one-time snapshot of how common these conditions were, not a test of what causes or prevents them. The risk-factor and care findings named in its title are not in the summary we hold.
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Digital RT proved an innovative approach to manage PWD and will thus help PWD achieve a better mood and have more opportunities to engage in social interactions.
Why it matters
In this small pilot trial of 49 people with dementia, digital reminiscence therapy reduced depression and increased engagement compared with a control group, but it did not significantly change cognition or behavioral and psychological symptoms. The authors describe it as a pilot study intended to help design larger trials, so these results are preliminary.
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After backward stepwise selection in year 0, the following factors were associated with increased risk of death by more than 10%: being hospitalized; having congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or dementia; having moderate to high pain; having worse well-being; having functional status in the transitional or end-of-life phase; having any problems with appetite; receiving end-of-life home care; and living in a nursing home.
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These estimates suggest that DSS provides clinically important reductions in symptoms of AD and VD and can be a promising anti-dementia drug candidate.
Why it matters
This review of randomized trials found that Danggui-Shaoyao-San improved scores on cognitive and daily living measures in people with Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. It is a systematic review of a natural treatment, not a cure or prevention.
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At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics and in outcome variables (HHI, GSES, and SF-12v2 mental component score and physical component score) between users and nonusers.
Why it matters
This analysis looked at caregivers who used a web-based support tool versus those who did not, not at treating Alzheimer's disease itself. It examined caregiver outcomes like hope, self-efficacy, and quality of life, so it does not speak to curing or preventing the disease.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Delirium in Elderly Hospitalized Patients: Analyzing Clinical and Social Determinants in a Colombian Retrospective Cohort
- Fracture Prevention with Infrequent Zoledronate in Women 50 to 60 Years of Age
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of circulating bile acids and dementia: a systematic review
- Longitudinal Relationships Between Decline in Speech-in-Noise Recognition Ability and Cognitive Functioning: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam
- Lifetime risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The impact of mortality on risk estimates in the Framingham Study
- Dementia in the MENA region uncharted challenges and emerging insights a literature review
- Stress effects on the hippocampus: a critical review
- Disease-Specific Plan Switching Between Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage
- Serum cholesterol and cognitive performance in the Framingham Heart Study
- Patterns of depressive symptoms and social relating behaviors differ over time from other behavioral domains for young people with Down syndrome