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Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity
Siting Chen, Ana Romàn Quiñones, Corey Nagel, Nicholas Joseph Bishop, Heather G Allore, Jason T. Newsom, JEFFREY A. KAYE, Anda Botoseneanu. The Journals of Gerontology Series A, 2025-01-14
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Over a mean follow-up of 14.6 years, 7.7% of the participants (n = 614) developed dementia. In the fully adjusted model, participants with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had the highest risk of dementia onset (HR:3.27, 95%CI: 2.06, 5.21), followed by metabolic (HR:1.83, 95%CI: 1.14, 2.94), and cardiovascular (HR:1.81, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.64) multimorbidity, relative to participants with no disease. The risk of dementia was significantly greater among Black (HR: 6.40, 95% CI: 3.84, 10.67) and Hispanic participants (HR: 4.90, 95% CI: 2.85, 8.43) with cardiometabolic multimorbidity, compared with White adults with no disease. Individuals from racial/ethnic minoritized groups have a higher risk of dementia. The risk of dementia onset was significantly greater for Black and Hispanic participants experiencing cardiometabolic multimorbidity, highlighting the value of intervening in cardiometabolic conditions among middle-aged and older adults, in particular, those from racial/ethnic minoritized backgrounds to reduce the risk of developing dementia.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Chen, S., Quiñones, A. R., Nagel, C., Bishop, N. J., Allore, H. G., Newsom, J. T., et al. (2025). Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity. The Journals of Gerontology Series A. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf009
Vancouver
Chen S, Quiñones AR, Nagel C, Bishop NJ, Allore HG, Newsom JT, et al. Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity. The Journals of Gerontology Series A. 2025. doi:10.1093/gerona/glaf009. PMID: 39806803.
BibTeX
@article{chen2025-39806803,
author = {Chen, Siting and Quiñones, Ana Romàn and Nagel, Corey and Bishop, Nicholas Joseph and Allore, Heather G and Newsom, Jason T. and JEFFREY A., K. A. Y. E. and Botoseneanu, Anda},
title = {{Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity}},
journal = {The Journals of Gerontology Series A},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1093/gerona/glaf009},
pmid = {39806803},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf009}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Over a mean follow-up of 14.6 years, 7.7% of the participants (n = 614) developed dementia.
- In the fully adjusted model, participants with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had the highest risk of dementia onset (HR:3.27, 95%CI: 2.06, 5.21), followed by metabolic (HR:1.83, 95%CI: 1.14, 2.94), and cardiovascular (HR:1.81, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.64) multimorbidity, relative to participants with no disease.
- The risk of dementia was significantly greater among Black (HR: 6.40, 95% CI: 3.84, 10.67) and Hispanic participants (HR: 4.90, 95% CI: 2.85, 8.43) with cardiometabolic multimorbidity, compared with White adults with no disease.
- Individuals from racial/ethnic minoritized groups have a higher risk of dementia.
- The risk of dementia onset was significantly greater for Black and Hispanic participants experiencing cardiometabolic multimorbidity, highlighting the value of intervening in cardiometabolic conditions among middle-aged and older adults, in particular, those from racial/ethnic minoritized backgrounds to reduce the risk of developing dementia.
Why it matters
This study found that cardiometabolic multimorbidity was associated with the highest risk of dementia onset, with significantly greater risk among Black and Hispanic participants compared with White adults without disease. The authors highlight the value of intervening in cardiometabolic conditions to reduce dementia risk, but no intervention was tested.
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Study details
- Participants7,960
- Effect size7.7%; HR:3.27; HR:1.83
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 53/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The Journals of Gerontology Series A) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | The Journals of Gerontology Series A: journal h-index 274 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 7,960 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 6 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 2.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 3.8× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 6 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Anda Botoseneanu: h-index 22 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | University of Michigan: institution h-index 2,240 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 7 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39806803) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 53 / 100 | — |
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