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Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19
Vineet Chopra, Scott A. Flanders, Megan O’Malley, Anurag N. Malani, Hallie C. Prescott. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020-11-11
Topic: Health services, long-term care and technology
Plain-language summary
Of 1648 patients with COVID-19 admitted to 38 hospitals, 398 (24.2%) died during hospitalization and 1250 (75.8%) survived. Of 1250 patients discharged alive, 975 (78.0%) went home whereas 158 (12.6%) were discharged to a skilled nursing or rehabilitation facility (Table 1). By 60 days after discharge, an additional 84 patients (6.7% of hospital survivors and 10.4% of intensive care unit [ICU]-treated hospital survivors) had died, bringing the overall mortality rate for the cohort to 29.2%, and 63.5% for the 405 patients who received treatment in an ICU. Within 60 days of discharge, 189 patients (15.1% of hospital survivors) were rehospitalized.Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 1250 Survivors of COVID-19 HospitalizationOf patients alive 60 days after discharge, 488 (41.8%) were successfully contacted and completed the 60-day postdischarge telephone survey. Of these, 265 reported seeing a primary care physician within 2 weeks (Table 2). Most follow-up visits (304 of 382) occurred virtually by videoconference (161 of 382) or telephone (143 of 382), whereas 77 occurred in person and 1 was of unknown format.Table 2. 60-Day Outcomes Among 1250 Survivors of COVID-19 Hospitalization, 488 of Whom Completed the Telephone SurveyCardiopulmonary symptoms (such as cough and dyspnea) were reported by 159 patients, including 92 with new or worsening symptoms and 65 with persistent loss of taste or smell. Fifty-eight patients reported new or worsening difficulty completing activities of daily living. Among 195 patients who were employed before hospitalization, 117 had returned to work whereas 78 could not because of ongoing health issues or job loss. Of the 117 patients who returned to work, 30 reported reduced hours or modified duties due to health reasons.Nearly half of all patients (238 of 488) reported being emotionally affected by their health, and 28 sought care for mental health after discharge. Moreover, 179 patients reported at least a mild financial impact from their hospitalization, with 47 reporting use of most or all of their savings and 35 rationing food, heat, housing, or medications due to cost. In this multihospital cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Michigan, nearly 1 in 3 patients died during hospitalization or within 60 days of discharge. For most patients who survived, ongoing morbidity, including the inability to return to normal activities, physical and emotional symptoms, and financial loss, was common (1). These da
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APA 7th
Chopra, V., Flanders, S. A., O’Malley, M., Malani, A. N., & Prescott, H. C. (2020). Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/m20-5661
Vancouver
Chopra V, Flanders SA, O’Malley M, Malani AN, Prescott HC. Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2020. doi:10.7326/m20-5661. PMID: 33175566.
BibTeX
@article{chopra2020-33175566,
author = {Chopra, Vineet and Flanders, Scott A. and O’Malley, Megan and Malani, Anurag N. and Prescott, Hallie C.},
title = {{Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19}},
journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.7326/m20-5661},
pmid = {33175566},
url = {https://doi.org/10.7326/m20-5661}
}
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Key findings
- Of 1648 patients with COVID-19 admitted to 38 hospitals, 398 (24.2%) died during hospitalization and 1250 (75.8%) survived.
- Of 1250 patients discharged alive, 975 (78.0%) went home whereas 158 (12.6%) were discharged to a skilled nursing or rehabilitation facility (Table 1).
- By 60 days after discharge, an additional 84 patients (6.7% of hospital survivors and 10.4% of intensive care unit [ICU]-treated hospital survivors) had died, bringing the overall mortality rate for the cohort to 29.2%, and 63.5% for the 405 patients who received treatment in an ICU.
- Within 60 days of discharge, 189 patients (15.1% of hospital survivors) were rehospitalized.Table 1.
- Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 1250 Survivors of COVID-19 HospitalizationOf patients alive 60 days after discharge, 488 (41.8%) were successfully contacted and completed the 60-day postdischarge telephone survey.
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Study details
- Study designsystematic review
- Participants1,648
- Effect size24.2%; 75.8%; 78.0%
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 86/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a systematic review of all the studies on the question. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 50 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 86 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Annals of Internal Medicine) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A systematic review of all the studies on the question |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2020 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 1,648 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomization is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 33175566) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 50 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 50 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 86 out of 100. |
| Total | 86 / 100 | — |
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