Newest studies

Nitric oxide signaling in brain function, dysfunction, and dementia

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry

Key finding: In addition, the inability to constrain NO diffusion suggests that spillover from endothelium (eNOS) and/or immune compartments (iNOS) into the nervous system provides potential pathological sources of NO and where control failure in these other systems could have broader neurological implications.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Synapse loss in dementias

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of neuroscience research

Key finding: A significant but comparatively circumscribed amount of literature describes synaptic decline in other forms of dementia. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology

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Diagnosis-independent Alzheimer disease biomarker signature in cognitively normal elderly people

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Tau biomarkers Archives of neurology

Key finding: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. +3 more findings

• Biomarkers
• Early Stage
• Diagnosis

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Days to criterion as an indicator of toxicity associated with human Alzheimer amyloid-beta oligomers

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Annals of neurology

Key finding: Recent evidence suggests that high molecular weight soluble oligomeric Abeta (oAbeta) assemblies (also known as Abeta-derived diffusible ligands, or ADDLs) may represent a primary neurotoxic basis for cognitive failure in Alzheimer disease (AD). +3 more findings

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment by multiple classifications: The Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) project

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: A CDR rating of 0.5 (uncertain/very mild dementia) was obtained by 27.6% of participants, whereas 1.2% had CDR ≥ 1 (mild or moderate dementia).

• Early Stage

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Sex and age differences in atrophic rates: an ADNI study with n=1368 MRI scans

65/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Statistical maps revealed significant age and sex differences in atrophic rates.

• Brain Scans
• Early Stage

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Wild-type human TDP-43 expression causes TDP-43 phosphorylation, mitochondrial aggregation, motor deficits, and early mortality in transgenic mice

53/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Key finding: Mutations in TARDBP, the gene encoding TDP-43, are associated with sporadic and familial ALS, yet multiple neurodegenerative diseases exhibit TDP-43 pathology without known TARDBP mutations. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

A 12-year population-based study of psychosis in Parkinson disease

62/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Archives of neurology

Key finding: Psychotic symptoms affect most patients with PD, with increased risk in those with higher age at onset, need for high doses of dopaminergic drugs, and probable REM sleep behavior disorder. +2 more findings

• Risk Factors
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Clinical review of treatment options for select nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

53/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy

Key finding: However, the largest study to date found nortriptyline therapy to be efficacious compared with placebo, whereas paroxetine controlled release was not. +3 more findings

• Treatments
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Why are patients with progressive nonfluent aphasia nonfluent?

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Neurology

Key finding: Nonfluent speech in PNFA may be due in part to difficulty with grammatic processing associated with left inferior frontal and anterior-superior temporal disease. +4 more findings

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Neuropathology of variants of progressive supranuclear palsy

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Current opinion in neurology

Key finding: Neurodegenerative tauopathies, of which progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is one of the most common, are clinically heterogeneous, reflecting differences in distribution and biochemical composition of tau pathology.

• Brain Biology

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Multimodal predictors for Alzheimer disease in nonfluent primary progressive aphasia

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Neurology

Key finding: Neither PPA phenotyping nor imaging alone is a reliable predictor of pathology. +3 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Brain Scans

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Resting brain connectivity: changes during the progress of Alzheimer disease

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Radiology

Key finding: Changes in PCC functional connectivity comprised bidirectional alterations in the resting networks in AD-affected brains, and the impaired resting functional connectivity seemed to change with AD progression.

• Brain Scans

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The trajectory of gait speed preceding mild cognitive impairment

60/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Archives of neurology

Key finding: Longitudinal changes in motor function may be useful in the early detection of dementia during preclinical stages, when the utility of disease-modifying therapies would be greatest.

• Early Stage
• Diagnosis

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The diagnosis of young-onset dementia

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis The Lancet. Neurology

Key finding: The differential diagnosis is broad as late presentation of metabolic disease is common and the burden of inherited dementia is higher in these patients than in patients with late-onset dementia. +4 more findings

• Diagnosis

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Folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate: comparison of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Clinical pharmacokinetics

Key finding: There is a large body of evidence to suggest that improving periconceptional folate status reduces the risk of neonatal neural tube defects. +1 more finding

• Prevention
• Lifestyle

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Defining mild cognitive impairment: impact of varying decision criteria on neuropsychological diagnostic frequencies and correlates

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: MCI diagnosis frequencies are substantively affected by the stringency of the criteria, but the relative rankings of MCI subtype diagnoses are fairly consistent regardless of the stringency of the criteria. +4 more findings

• Genetics
• Early Stage
• Diagnosis

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Altered serum glycomics in Alzheimer disease: a potential blood biomarker?

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Rejuvenation research

Key finding: The decrease in the level of NA2F in AD patients compared to non-AD patients was more pronounced in females (p < 0.0001) than in males (p < 0.014). +2 more findings

• Biomarkers
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Differential expression of interferon-gamma receptor on human glial cells in vivo and in vitro

37/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Journal of neuroimmunology

Key finding: Although significant effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on glial cells are well documented, information on the expression level and localization of glial IFN-gamma receptors (IFN-gamma-R) in the human central nervous system (CNS) is sparse. +4 more findings

• Brain Biology

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The potential of microelectrode arrays and microelectronics for biomedical research and diagnostics

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

Key finding: Planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are devices that can be used in biomedical and basic in vitro research to provide extracellular electrophysiological information about biological systems at high spatial and temporal resolution. +3 more findings

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Chronic restraint stress impairs neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent fear memory in mice: possible involvement of a brain-specific transcription factor Npas4

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Journal of neurochemistry

Key finding: Neurogenesis in the hippocampus occurs throughout life in a wide range of species and could be associated with hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Palliative care for people with dementia

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care British medical bulletin

Key finding: National reports, UK guidelines and policies were also consulted. +4 more findings

• End-of-Life Care

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Diagnosis, prevention, and management of delirium: summary of NICE guidance

59/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Costs and economics BMJ

Key finding: Sometimes known as acute confusional state, delirium has an acute onset, a fluctuating course, and is associated with serious adverse outcomes such as death, dementia, and the need for long term care.1 Although common in general hospitals (affecting as many as about 30% of inpatients)1 and care homes, delirium is often poorly recognised1; however, it can be prevented in about one third of patients at risk.1 This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guideline on how to recognise, prevent, and treat delirium.2 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence and explicit consideration of cost effectiveness.

• Prevention

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Stress and burden among caregivers of patients with Lewy body dementia

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety The Gerontologist

Key finding: A factor analysis revealed 3 dimensions of burden: role strain, personal strain, and worry about performance. +4 more findings

• Caregiving
• Other Dementias

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Behavioral deficits and progressive neuropathology in progranulin-deficient mice: a mouse model of frontotemporal dementia

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Key finding: In this study, we showed that progranulin-deficient mice displayed increased depression- and disinhibition-like behavior, as well as deficits in social recognition from a relatively young age. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source