Newest studies

Folates and aging: Role in mild cognitive impairment, dementia and depression

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Ageing research reviews

Key finding: Population-based studies have demonstrated that a low folate status is associated with mild cognitive impairment, dementia (particularly Alzheimer's disease) and depression in healthy and neuropsychiatric diseased older individuals. +1 more finding

• Early Stage

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Neurodegeneration severity can be predicted from early microglia alterations monitored in vivo in a mouse model of chronic glaucoma

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Disease Models & Mechanisms

Key finding: When the same animals were aged and analyzed for the severity of optic nerve pathology at 10 months of age, we found a strong correlation with the levels of ONH microgliosis at 3 to 4 months. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology

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The effects of serum apolipoprotein E genetic variants and concentration on serum lipid parameters in haemodialysis patients

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Key finding: Our data indicated that the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), ApoB, ApoE, lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) of mutant genotypes in ApoE c.61G > A and c.761T > A genetic variants were different from those subjects with wild genotype in HD patients and healthy controls. +1 more finding

• Genetics

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TDP-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - is it a prion disease?

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology European journal of neurology

Key finding: The neuropathological hallmark of most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases are neuronal and glial aggregates of phosphorylated 43-kDa TAR DNA-binding protein (pTDP-43). +4 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

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Passive immunization with phospho-tau antibodies reduces tau pathology and functional deficits in two distinct mouse tauopathy models

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development PloS one

Key finding: Systemic treatment with PHF6 and PHF13 from 3 to 6 months of age led to a significant decline in brain and CSF p-tau levels. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter, residential proximity to major roads and measures of brain structure

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Stroke

Key finding: Exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 was associated with smaller total cerebral brain volume, a marker of age-associated brain atrophy, and with higher odds of covert brain infarcts. +4 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Changes in Medicare costs with the growth of hospice care in nursing homes

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care The New England journal of medicine

Key finding: The growth in hospice care for nursing home residents was associated with less aggressive care near death but at an overall increase in Medicare expenditures. +4 more findings

• Policy
• End-of-Life Care
• Care Services

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Correlations between mini-mental state examination score, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and pathology observed in brain biopsies of patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Tau biomarkers Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Key finding: Alzheimer disease hallmark lesions-β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (HPtau)-were observed in 47% of subjects, a percentage consistent with that for whole-brain assessment reported postmortem in unselected cohorts. +3 more findings

• Biomarkers
• Diagnosis

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Patterns of depressive symptoms and social relating behaviors differ over time from other behavioral domains for young people with Down syndrome

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Medicine

Key finding: People with intellectual disabilities are at a higher risk for experiencing behavioral, emotional, and psychiatric problems in comparison with the general population. +1 more finding

• Down Syndrome

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The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline: exploring interactions with biomarkers of Alzheimer disease

60/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving JAMA neurology

Key finding: Vascular endothelial growth factor was associated with baseline hippocampal volume (t277 = 2.62; P = .009), longitudinal hippocampal atrophy (t858 = 2.48; P = .01), and longitudinal decline in memory (t1629 = 4.09; P Conclusions and relevance Elevated cerebrospinal fluid VEGF was associated with more optimal brain aging in vivo. +3 more findings

• Biomarkers

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Antipsychotics, other psychotropics, and the risk of death in patients with dementia: number needed to harm

71/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis JAMA psychiatry

Key finding: Compared with respective matched nonusers, individuals receiving haloperidol had an increased mortality risk of 3.8% (95% CI, 1.0%-6.6%; P Conclusions and relevance The absolute effect of antipsychotics on mortality in elderly patients with dementia may be higher than previously reported and increases with dose. +4 more findings

• Side Effects

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The neuropathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

Key finding: Repetitive brain trauma is associated with a progressive neurological deterioration, now termed as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Etanercept in Alzheimer disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial

72/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Neurology

Key finding: This study showed that subcutaneous etanercept (50 mg/wk) was well tolerated in this small group of patients with Alzheimer disease dementia, but a larger more heterogeneous group needs to be tested before recommending its use for broader groups of patients. +3 more findings

• Clinical Trials

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Nonlinear Association Between Cerebrospinal Fluid and Florbetapir F-18 β-Amyloid Measures Across the Spectrum of Alzheimer Disease

61/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics JAMA neurology

Key finding: The association between both biomarkers is limited to a middle range of values, is modified by the APOE genotype, and is absent for longitudinal changes; 4 different approaches in 2 different platforms converge on similar pathological Aβ cutoff levels; and different pipelines to process PET scans showed correlated but not identical results. +4 more findings

• Biomarkers
• Genetics

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Odor identification and Alzheimer disease biomarkers in clinically normal elderly

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Neurology

Key finding: Our objective was to investigate cross-sectional associations between odor identification ability and imaging biomarkers of neurodegeneration and amyloid deposition in clinically normal (CN) elderly individuals, specifically testing the hypothesis that there may be an interaction between amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration in predicting odor identification dysfunction.

• Early Stage
• Biomarkers
• Brain Scans

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Prevalence of cerebral amyloid pathology in persons without dementia: a meta-analysis

84/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics JAMA

Key finding: Among persons without dementia, the prevalence of cerebral amyloid pathology as determined by positron emission tomography or cerebrospinal fluid findings was associated with age, APOE genotype, and presence of cognitive impairment. +3 more findings

• Genetics

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Age, Sex, and APOE ε4 Effects on Memory, Brain Structure, and β-Amyloid Across the Adult Life Span

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers JAMA neurology

Key finding: Overall, memory worsened from age 30 years through the 90s. The HVa worsened gradually from age 30 years to the mid-60s and more steeply beyond that age. +4 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Genetics

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Prevalence of amyloid PET positivity in dementia syndromes: a meta-analysis

82/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers JAMA

Key finding: The likelihood of amyloid positivity was associated with age and APOE ε4 status. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Genetics
• Brain Biology

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Accumulation of dipeptide repeat proteins predates that of TDP ‐43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration associated with hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9ORF72 gene

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology

Key finding: Three Newcastle patients bearing an expansion in C9ORF72 were identified. +4 more findings

• Other Dementias

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The role of TREM2 R47H as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease

75/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed TREM2 and immune genetics Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Key finding: Here we comprehensively assessed TREM2 rs75932628 for association with these diseases in a total of 19,940 previously untyped subjects of European descent. +3 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Genetics
• Risk Factors

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Sleep deprivation and hippocampal vulnerability: changes in neuronal plasticity, neurogenesis and cognitive function

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Neuroscience

Key finding: In agreement with this are numerous studies showing that sleep deprivation (SD) results in learning and memory impairments. +2 more findings

• Lifestyle

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A computational atlas of the hippocampal formation using ex vivo, ultra-high resolution MRI: Application to adaptive segmentation of in vivo MRI

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans NeuroImage

Key finding: The applicability of the atlas, which we are releasing as part of FreeSurfer (version 6.0), is demonstrated with experiments on three different publicly available datasets with different types of MRI contrast. +1 more finding

• Brain Scans

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Hippocampal neuroplasticity in major depressive disorder

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Neuroscience

Key finding: Recent volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest that localized differences in hippocampal volume may be more prominent than global differences. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Validation of the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Screen (ECAS): A cognitive tool for motor disorders

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention trials Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration

Key finding: Performance at neuropsychological assessment across five domains (fluency, executive function, language, memory and visuospatial function) was compared to the ECAS ALS-Specific (fluency, executive functions and social cognition, language), ALS Non-specific (memory, visuospatial functions), and Total scores. +2 more findings

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Risk of pneumonia in new users of cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia

59/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: The mean age of 35,570 new users of cholinesterase inhibitors (30,174 users of donepezil, 1,176 users of galantamine, 4,220 users of rivastigmine) was 82; 75% were women, and 82% were white. +4 more findings

• Treatments

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