Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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43/100
In this study, 97 patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) in a nursing home were followed over a period of 2 years, and the relationship between falls and gait function was examined.
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A study of item bias in standard cognitive screening measures was conducted in a sample of Afro-American, Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elderly respondents who were part of a dementia case registry study.
Why it matters
Out of 50 cognitive items from six widely used screening measures, 16 were identified as biased for high versus low education groups or for ethnic/racial group membership. This concerns fairness of cognitive screening tools and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Correction processes can define absolute hippocampal volumes for correlation studies and may enable identification of unsuspected bilateral hippocampal volume loss.
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HIV dementia has an annual incidence of 7% after AIDS development and eventually affects 20% of all HIV-infected persons.
Why it matters
This study designed a rapid screening test to identify HIV dementia, since accurate and early diagnosis can lead to optimized therapeutic and management decisions. It does not address treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify the volume of the hippocampus in 47 men with chronic alcoholism and 72 healthy male control subjects.
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Hypercortisolemia is a frequently observed abnormality in patients with major depression.
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There is now evidence approaching, if not having already surpassed, overwhelming in support of microglial cells as macrophages.
Why it matters
This review presents evidence that microglial cells are macrophages, arising from monocytes in the developing brain and becoming activated macrophages after brain injury. It reports no treatment, cure or prevention result for Alzheimer's disease.
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The repeated head trauma experienced by boxers can lead to the development of dementia pugilistica (DP)--punch drunk syndrome.
Why it matters
Re-examining brains of boxers with dementia pugilistica, researchers found extensive beta-protein deposits (plaques) that standard stains had missed, similar to those in Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests boxing-related dementia and Alzheimer's may share mechanisms, and notes that head injury is a risk factor for Alzheimer's, but it reports no treatment or cure.
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A dementing syndrome has been identified in a group of psychiatric cases aged 71-90 years, presenting initially with a subacute/acute confusional state, often fluctuating and associated with visual hallucinations and behavioural disturbances.
Why it matters
This paper describes a distinct form of Lewy body dementia in elderly people that differed clinically and neuropathologically from Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It is about identifying and characterizing this condition, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) is typified pathologically by neuritic plaques (NP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the neocortex and hippocampus.
Why it matters
In 60 people with Alzheimer-type dementia who were over age 74, 30% had plaques but no tangles in the outer brain (neocortex). On dementia severity and progression, brain weight, cell counts and two brain chemicals, these people did not differ significantly from those who had tangles. The only significant difference was in plaque counts in two regions. The authors concluded that both are the same disease, and noted that cases with tangles tended to be more severe in nearly every measure, although that trend did not reach statistical significance.
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The speech characteristics on a standardized picture description task of 26 subjects with presumed senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) and 13 subjects with stroke-related dementia (SRD) were compared to 15 normal subjects over age 59 years.
Why it matters
This small study compared speech in people with Alzheimer's-type dementia and stroke-related dementia and found word-finding problems were worse than grammar problems. It describes language symptoms only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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EEG findings in 62 patients with senile dementia of alzheimer type (SDA), 22 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) and 90 controls of same age and sex were studied.
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Either supportive counseling (SC) or cognitive training (CT) was used in an attempt to enhance the efficiency of a standard pharmacologic treatment for dementia, viz, dihydroergotoxine mesylate (DEM, Hydergine).
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42/100
Recent Findings Recent observational data in adults with Down syndrome indicate that obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with adverse cardiometabolic, mortality and Alzheimer disease outcomes.
Why it matters
This review reports that in adults with Down syndrome, obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with adverse Alzheimer disease outcomes, and that treatments such as positive airway pressure and surgery have been studied with limitations. It is a review of observational and retrospective data and does not establish that treating sleep apnoea prevents or cures Alzheimer's disease.
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Over 15 years of follow-up (UKB), moderate or high CVH versus low CVH was associated with a lower risk of MCI (hazard ratio 0.82 [95% CI 0.71, 0.95], P < 0.05) but not with risk of all-cause dementia (0.97 [0.84, 1.11], P = 0.63).
Why it matters
In people with diabetes, this study found that better cardiovascular health was associated with a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment but not with risk of all-cause dementia. The association was stronger among those with low or moderate genetic risk and appeared attenuated among those with high genetic risk.
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Non-White race and adverse social and socioeconomic factors-lower education, unemployment, unmarried status, and greater neighborhood disadvantage-were each associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05).
Why it matters
In people with multiple sclerosis, lower education, unemployment, being unmarried, and greater neighborhood disadvantage were each linked to poorer cognitive performance. The negative links of unmarried status and neighborhood disadvantage with cognition were stronger among non-White individuals.
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This study aimed to test the hypothesis that multi-level factors across the five Health Ecological Model (HEM) layers are independently associated with SCD among hypertensive patients in rural China, and to identify specific associated factors within each layer.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study identified factors linked to subjective cognitive decline among hypertensive patients in rural China. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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In January 2020, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services implemented the Patient-Driven Groupings Model (PDGM), the most substantial revision to Medicare's home health (HH) prospective payment system since its introduction in 2000.
Why it matters
After the Patient-Driven Groupings Model changed Medicare home health payment in 2020, beneficiaries with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias saw a steeper drop in total home health visits (22.4 to 17.9) than those without. This is a payment and service-use study and says nothing about treating, curing or preventing dementia.
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Participants actively contemplated ACP following their parents' death, referring to their end-of-life caregiving experiences as guideposts for issues to anticipate and opportunities to enhance receipt of healthcare during serious illness or incapacitation.
Why it matters
This study found that bereaved adult-children of parents with dementia often used their end-of-life caregiving experiences as guideposts when contemplating their own advance care planning. It provides insight into how the dementia caregiving experience can drive advance care planning attitudes and behaviours, rather than testing an intervention.
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DSD occurred in 680 patients (39.8%). Compared with dementia alone, DSD was associated with higher PAS scores (5.3 vs. 4.0, p < 0.001), poorer functional status (FIM 48.6 vs. 57.8, p < 0.001) and more frequent in-hospital falls (29.9% vs. 17.5%, p < 0.001).
Why it matters
This study found that delirium superimposed on dementia was linked to more severe agitation and more frequent psychotropic use compared with dementia alone. The findings support PAS-based monitoring and development of DSD-specific interventions prioritising non-pharmacological strategies.
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After adjusting for baseline scores via ANCOVA, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher post-intervention outcomes compared to the control group (p < 0.001).
Why it matters
In this non-randomized, non-blinded trial, a Mediterranean diet-based program was linked to better cognitive scores and higher urinary BDNF levels in the intervention group. Because the study was not randomized or blinded, it cannot establish that the program prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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Participants were older adults (mean age 71.5 ± 8.7 years), primarily female (54.2%), and non-Hispanic White (96.5%).
Why it matters
In this Framingham Heart Study analysis, higher general cognitive ability and stronger verbatim story recall were linked to a reduced likelihood of developing all-cause dementia, and machine learning models identified most converters. The findings concern cognitive testing for predicting dementia, not treating or preventing it.
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Although a substantial proportion of TG participants achieved high MI accuracy values, statistical analyses revealed no cognitive improvements specific to TG, suggesting limited efficacy of the MI-based protocol compared to classical cognitive stimulation.
Why it matters
This randomized controlled trial found no cognitive improvements specific to motor imagery-based neurofeedback compared with classical cognitive stimulation. It provides no evidence that this training treats, cures or prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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42/100
Down syndrome is the most common viable autosomal trisomy, resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21, and is the leading genetic cause of intellectual disability.
Why it matters
This is a general review of Down syndrome covering its genetics, health needs and the increased risk of early-onset Alzheimer disease. It provides background and guidance rather than testing any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Hearing loss in midlife is an important and potentially modifiable risk factor for the development of dementia.
Why it matters
This review states that hearing loss in midlife is an important and potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia, but that evidence for the mechanisms linking the two is inconclusive. It notes emerging but not yet settled evidence on whether hearing interventions change cognitive decline or dementia risk.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Predictors of nursing home admission for persons with dementia
- Classification of AD and bvFTD using neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric variables: a machine learning study
- Online games training aging brains: limited transfer to cognitive control functions
- Disaster Risk Reduction in a Manhattan-Type Road Network: A Framework for Serious Game Activities for Evacuation
- Usability of a Tablet-Based Cognitive Assessment Administered by Medical Assistants in General Practice: Implementation Study
- Postoperative delirium
- Dementia in Sub-Saharan Africa: Risk factors, public perception, and management approaches
- CHARACTERISTICS AND CARE EXPERIENCES OF OLDER DUAL-ENROLLEES LIVING IN AREAS WITH MEDICAID MANAGED LTSS
- Impact of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms on Caregiver Burden of People With Dementia With Lewy Bodies: A Multicentre Prospective Longitudinal Study
- Association of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Progression of Cognitive Impairment and Risk of Mortality in People With Dementia