Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Hispanics/Latinos are the largest ethnic/racial group in the United States and at high risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD).
Why it matters
This article proposes a research framework for studying Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among diverse US Latinos and describes the SOL-INCA study as an example. It is about designing research to address understudy of this group, not about treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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Overall, symptoms in the last week and month of life did not vary by diagnosis.
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The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson disease (PD) is well established for up to 1 or 2 years, but long-term outcome data are still limited.
Why it matters
This review of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease reports that subthalamic nucleus DBS improves motor function for up to 10 years, though the magnitude of improvement tends to decline over time. The incidence and severity of dementia among patients receiving DBS were comparable to those among patients receiving medical treatment.
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A primary goal of research in cognitive impairment and dementia is to understand how some individuals retain sufficient cognitive function for a fulfilling life while many others are robbed of their independence, sometimes their essence, in the last years and decades of life.
Why it matters
This commentary proposes definitions for resistance, resilience, and reserve to help researchers study why some people keep cognitive function with aging. It suggests that identifying protective factors through these definitions could guide future preventive interventions, but no intervention was tested here.
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In the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum, the prodromal state of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) precedes AD dementia and identifying MCI individuals at risk of progression is important for clinical management.
Why it matters
This study built models that identified people with mild cognitive impairment who progressed to Alzheimer's disease within 3 years with about 93% accuracy, with amyloid, tau and neuronal injury markers accounting for large shares of the variance. It is a prediction study and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Dysregulation of the gut microbiome is associated with several life-threatening conditions and thus might represent a useful target for the prevention of dementia.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study found that the gut microbiome composition differed between demented and non-demented patients, with lower Bacteroides and higher 'other' bacteria in the demented group. Because it is cross-sectional, it cannot show whether these microbiome differences cause dementia or result from it.
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Cardiovascular risk factors, deregulated blood glucose, uric acid metabolism, and inflammation were identified as risk markers for faster disease progression.
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In this article, the authors aim to maximally utilize multimodality neuroimaging and genetic data for identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal status, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), from normal aging subjects.
Why it matters
This study developed a deep neural network method to combine brain imaging and genetic data for identifying Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. It is a diagnostic tool development study and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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In 2016, the UC Davis Latino Aging Research Resource Center and UC Davis Alzheimer's Disease Center brought together experts from across the country to consolidate current knowledge and identify future directions in aging and diversity research.
Why it matters
This 2016 conference report from UC Davis aging and Alzheimer's centers sets out research priorities for understanding why dementia and cognitive aging differ across racial and ethnic groups in the US. It argues that environmental, sociocultural, behavioral, brain-pathology, genetic and testing (psychometric) factors should be studied together, and that none of this is possible without strong collaboration between minority communities and researchers to recruit and retain participants. It is a research agenda, not new data, and does not report a treatment, cure or prevention.
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Among women, foreign-born Hispanics have higher odds of CIND and dementia than Whites.
Why it matters
This study examined how education relates to differences in cognitive impairment and dementia among racial, ethnic, and nativity groups in the United States. It found that education reduced but did not fully explain higher odds for some groups, and it does not test any treatment or cure.
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Affective symptoms are of prognostic utility, but interventions to prevent dementia syndromes are limited.
Why it matters
This scoping review reports that affective and emotional dysregulation such as depression, anxiety, irritability, and euphoria are common in preclinical and prodromal dementia and may be harbingers of neurodegenerative change. It notes that nosological constraints limit the utility of historical data, but emerging research emphasizes the importance of addressing time frames between symptoms.
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Clinical studies have shown alterations in metabolic profiles when patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia were compared to cognitively normal subjects.
Why it matters
This study investigated associations between serum metabolites and cognitive change in middle-aged African American participants. It was based on the idea that metabolic profiles differ in people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia compared with cognitively normal people.
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The most definitive classification systems for dementia are based on the underlying pathology which, in turn, is categorized largely according to the observed accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates in neurons and glia.
Why it matters
This overview explains that dementias are best classified by the underlying buildup of abnormal protein aggregates in neurons and glia, which disrupts cell function and neural networks. It is a descriptive review of how dementia subtypes are diagnosed, not a study of any treatment or prevention.
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Computer-based cognitive training might have beneficial effects on the general cognitive functions in early stage of Alzheimer's dementia.
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This research, a descriptive qualitative analysis of self-defined serious illness goals, expands the knowledge of what goals are important beyond the physical-making existing disease-specific guidelines more holistic.
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In contrast to the idea that hippocampal and amygdala volume loss occur in late phases of neurodegeneration, recent contributions point to the relevance of preexisting structural deficits that are associated with aging and are independent of amyloid deposition in preclinical Alzheimer disease cases.
Why it matters
Among 455 elderly subjects, those whose cognition deteriorated over 18 months had significantly greater gray matter loss in the hippocampus on both sides and the right amygdala than those who stayed stable. This links early cognitive decline to structural brain loss, but it is an observational imaging finding and does not by itself provide a treatment or prevention.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) affects 1-2 per 1000 of the population at any time.
Why it matters
This review describes how common Parkinson's disease is, its main brain findings and diagnostic criteria, and notes that the clinical diagnosis is not confirmed at autopsy in a significant proportion of patients. It is about Parkinson's disease epidemiology, not Alzheimer's disease treatment, cure or prevention.
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Though results of pivotal studies in early (prodromal/mild) Alzheimer's disease are awaited, results to date in more established (mild to moderate) Alzheimer's disease have been equivocal and no disease modifying agents are either licensed or can be currently recommended for clinical use.
Why it matters
This consensus statement says that results in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease have been equivocal and that no disease-modifying agents are licensed or can currently be recommended for clinical use. It states plainly that no such treatment is available, while results in early disease are still awaited.
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Dementia prevalence estimates were higher than expected for this low-income rural community.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study estimated how common dementia was in a rural area of South Africa. It found that older age and symptoms of depression were associated with dementia risk, but it does not test any treatment or cure.
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Human gait depends on a complex interplay of major parts of the nervous, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems.
Why it matters
This clinical guide notes that gait disorders increase with age and that frontal gait disorders due to subcortical vascular encephalopathy or disorders associated with dementia are among the most common neurological causes. It states that safe walking requires intact cognition and executive control, and that gait disorders lead to loss of personal freedom, falls, injuries, and reduced quality of life.
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Although non-BzRAs have improved safety profiles compared with benzodiazepines, their side effects include dementia, serious injury, and fractures, which should limit their use.
Why it matters
This review states that non-benzodiazepine sleep medicines have side effects including dementia, serious injury, and fractures, which should limit their use. It does not test any treatment for Alzheimer's disease itself.
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Our findings confirm previous research on the specific roles of CA1 and subiculum in episodic memory.
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Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a very common neurological disease in older people.
Why it matters
This review describes cerebral small vessel disease as a common cause of stroke and dementia that should be regarded as a whole-brain disease, with diagnosis relying on imaging findings. It states that single antiplatelet treatment for acute lacunar ischemic stroke and management of traditional risk factors remain the most important therapeutic and preventive approach, and suggests new studies should consider drugs targeting the endothelium and blood-brain barrier.
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Both groups were compared with a sample of healthy control participants (n = 21).
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Most patients received physical assessments, including mobility (89 %), continence (84 %) and pressure sore risk (87 %); however assessment of pain (75 %), and particularly functioning (36 %) was poor.
Why it matters
This national audit found that assessment of cognition and delirium in hospitalized dementia patients was inadequate, and dementia training for doctors was often missing. It is about the quality of hospital care and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Voiceprints of cognitive impairment: analyzing digital voice for early detection of Alzheimer’s and related dementias
- The perspectives of people with dementia on their future, end of life and on being cared for by others: A qualitative study
- Precision to plate: AI-driven innovations in fermentation and hyper-personalized diets
- Moving in: adjustment of people living with dementia going into a nursing home and their families
- Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial
- Predicting death in the nursing home: development and validation of the 6-month Minimum Data Set mortality risk index
- Dementia Risk and Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
- Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Dementia
- Antidiabetic medications and risk of cognitive disorders in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study
- Cognitively Impaired Older Persons' and Caregivers' Perspectives on Dementia-Specific Advance Care Planning