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Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial
Kang JM, Kim N, Lee SY, Woo SK, Park G, Yeon BK, Park JW, Youn JH et al.. Journal of medical Internet research, 2021-05-06
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
However, the results of recent studies using semi-immersive virtual reality (VR)-assisted cognitive training are inconsistent. Results After VR cognitive training, significant improvement was found in the total score (F 1,39 =14.69, P=.001) and basic components score of the RCFT copy task (F 1,39 =9.27, P=.005) compared with those of the control group. The VR group also showed improvements, albeit not significant, in naming ability (F 1,39 =3.55, P=.07), verbal memory delayed recall (F 1,39 =3.03, P=.09), and phonemic fluency (F 1,39 =3.08, P=.09). Improvements in psychiatric symptoms such as apathy (F 1,39 =7.02, P=.01), affect (F 1,39 =14.40, P=.001 for positive affect; F 1,39 =4.23, P=.047 for negative affect), and quality of life (F 1,39 =4.49, P=.04) were found in the VR group compared to the control group. Improvement in the RCFT copy task was associated with a frontal-occipital functional connectivity increase revealed by rsfMRI in the VR group compared to the control group.
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APA 7th
Kang, J. M., Kim, N., Lee, S. Y., Woo, S. K., Park, G., Yeon, B. K., et al. (2021). Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of medical Internet research. https://doi.org/10.2196/24526
Vancouver
Kang JM, Kim N, Lee SY, Woo SK, Park G, Yeon BK, et al. Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of medical Internet research. 2021. doi:10.2196/24526. PMID: 33955835.
BibTeX
@article{kang2021-33955835,
author = {Kang, J. M. and Kim, N. and Lee, S. Y. and Woo, S. K. and Park, G. and Yeon, B. K. and Park, J. W. and Youn, J. H. and others},
title = {{Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial}},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.2196/24526},
pmid = {33955835},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2196/24526}
}
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Key findings
- However, the results of recent studies using semi-immersive virtual reality (VR)-assisted cognitive training are inconsistent.
- Results After VR cognitive training, significant improvement was found in the total score (F 1,39 =14.69, P=.001) and basic components score of the RCFT copy task (F 1,39 =9.27, P=.005) compared with those of the control group.
- The VR group also showed improvements, albeit not significant, in naming ability (F 1,39 =3.55, P=.07), verbal memory delayed recall (F 1,39 =3.03, P=.09), and phonemic fluency (F 1,39 =3.08, P=.09).
- Improvements in psychiatric symptoms such as apathy (F 1,39 =7.02, P=.01), affect (F 1,39 =14.40, P=.001 for positive affect; F 1,39 =4.23, P=.047 for negative affect), and quality of life (F 1,39 =4.49, P=.04) were found in the VR group compared to the control group.
- Improvement in the RCFT copy task was associated with a frontal-occipital functional connectivity increase revealed by rsfMRI in the VR group compared to the control group.
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Study details
- Participants23
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 71/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a randomised controlled trial. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 41 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 71 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of medical Internet research) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 11 / 12 | A randomised controlled trial (from PubMed type “Randomized Controlled Trial”) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 23 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 1 / 2 | Randomised (as stated in the record) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 33955835) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 41 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 41 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 71 out of 100. |
| Total | 71 / 100 | — |
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