Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are becoming increasingly prevalent and are predicted to affect up to 153 million globally by 2050.
Why it matters
This project provides a large set of driving data from older adults along with clinical and social information, which could help researchers study behaviors that change before cognitive decline is detected. It does not test any treatment, prevention, or cure, and is a data resource rather than a study of outcomes.
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The foundation of preventive cardiology relies on the assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk using scores based on traditional risk factors.
Why it matters
This review is about cardiovascular biomarkers for predicting heart risk, not Alzheimer's disease. It reports that biomarkers are strongly linked to cardiovascular events but add only modest improvement when added to conventional risk factor models, and that clinical trial evidence is still needed.
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Of 43 individuals enrolled, 14 were women (33%); age (mean ± SD) was 73 ± 8.5 years.
Why it matters
In this clinical trial of 43 people with dementia with Lewy bodies, nilotinib was safe and well tolerated, with fewer falls, increased cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid, a reduced pTau181/Aβ42 ratio, and improved cognition scores compared with placebo. The authors state these results support further trials in dementia with Lewy bodies or advanced Parkinson's disease with dementia, so this is an early trial in a different disease, not a proven treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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A total of 266 older adults with hypertension were surveyed in this study, of whom 108 reported having fallen once or more in the past year.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study of 266 older adults with hypertension found that sleep disorders and cognitive frailty were strongly associated with falls. It identifies risk factors but does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Our findings support speech-based cognitive assessments as a promising avenue towards remote MCI screening, with implications for scalable screening in clinical trials and healthcare.
Why it matters
This study found that speech-based cognitive assessment scores significantly differed between diagnostic groups and were correlated with standard paper-based cognitive tests. The findings support speech-based assessments as a promising avenue for remote screening of mild cognitive impairment.
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About 12% of caregivers (2.8 million) were socially isolated and 27% (6.3 million) were lonely.
Why it matters
This study found that about 12% of family and unpaid caregivers of older adults were socially isolated and 27% were lonely, with caring for an older adult with dementia associated with social isolation. The authors say it is critical to understand the complexities of isolation and loneliness among caregivers and to enhance social connection and support for those at high risk.
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Between 1992-2021, global AD cases increased from 4.078 million to 9.837 million, while the global age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) remained relatively stable, rising slightly from 117.7 to 119.8 per 100 000.
Why it matters
This analysis of global data found that Alzheimer disease cases rose from 4.078 million in 1992 to 9.837 million in 2021 while the age-standardised incidence rate stayed relatively stable, and projects 19.117 million cases by 2036. It is descriptive and projection-based, and the authors emphasise the need for early diagnosis and targeted interventions rather than reporting a treatment or cure.
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While educational disparities in dementia incidence are well-known, whether and to what extent they persist beyond dementia onset is less explored.
Why it matters
This Italian cohort study found that people with lower education had higher dementia incidence, especially at ages 50 to 64, and also had higher risks of hospitalization and emergency visits after diagnosis. The findings show educational disparities persist both in developing dementia and in healthcare use afterward.
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BackgroundOdor identification deficits predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) in epidemiological studies.
Why it matters
In 600 primary care patients aged 65 and older with cognitive concerns, the MMSE was better than a brief smell identification test at detecting dementia and cognitive impairment, though combining an abnormal smell score with the MMSE improved specificity. This compares screening tests and does not address treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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The relationship between hearing impairment and dementia has attracted significant attention, the 2024 Lancet Commission report identifying hearing loss as the largest modifiable risk factor for dementia from mid-life.
Why it matters
This review examines whether hearing impairment could cause, catalyze or be a consequence of neurodegenerative pathology and cognitive decline, noting that the 2024 Lancet Commission report identified hearing loss as the largest modifiable risk factor for dementia from mid-life. It concludes that the nature of the link remains unclear and calls for further mechanistically motivated research, so it does not establish that treating hearing loss prevents dementia.
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Little is known about the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) potentially at risk for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Why it matters
Using gut microbiome data from 100 healthy controls, this study built a model that predicted progression from normal cognition to MCI over 4 years with an AUROC of 0.84 at baseline, declining to 0.75 at 4 years. The authors suggest gut microbiome algorithms have potential as a supplement for early prediction, but this is a predictive model and not a treatment or prevention study.
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Elevated CKM risk level is significantly associated with increased risks of cognitive decline and dementia incidence.
Why it matters
This study found that elevated cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic risk level was significantly associated with increased risks of cognitive decline and dementia incidence. It suggests that early interventions for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome may be important, but it does not show that such interventions prevent dementia.
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The ten top-funded companies offering DDLS received a total funding of EUR 128.52 million, of which three companies collected more than 75%.
Why it matters
This analysis of top-funded digital health companies offering lifestyle interventions for dementia prevention found limited clinical evidence and no direct evidence of dementia prevention. It shows that funding level does not reflect clinical effectiveness and calls for more rigorous evaluation.
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This study analyzed 871 patients with cognitive impairment, 69.8% of whom were having functional impairment.
Why it matters
Among 871 patients with cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations, delusion, and eating disturbances were significantly associated with disability, while depression and anxiety were not, and the CDR scale was the strongest predictor of disability. The authors conclude that both cognitive status and behavioral symptoms matter for functional impairment and that neuropsychiatric symptoms may need targeted management, but this is an observational analysis, not a treatment trial.
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Eighty respondents (8.1%) care for 90 individuals with neurocognitive disorders, a majority of whom are parents of the respondent.
Why it matters
LGBTQ+ caregivers of people with cognitive impairment or dementia were less likely to have family, coworker, and neighbor support for their LGBTQ+ identities, and experienced issues with their own access to health care. The findings suggest targeted interventions could reduce LGBTQ+ caregiver health disparities.
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Herpes Zoster (HZ), caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is a common infectious disease.
Why it matters
Observational studies and natural experiments suggest that herpes zoster vaccination is linked to a lower risk of dementia, especially in women and older adults. The evidence comes from observational data that can be affected by confounding factors, so it does not prove that vaccination prevents dementia.
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• Limited evidence links air pollution-lifestyle interplay to cardiovascular disease. • Study includes over 5.8 million participants from arid Northwestern China. • Air pollution in dust-prone areas is linked to cardiovascular disease. • Exercise is crucial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease from air pollution. • Air pollution and unhealthy lifestyles jointly heighten cardiovascular risk.
Why it matters
This cohort study is about cardiovascular disease, not Alzheimer's disease, and reports no findings on dementia treatment, cure, or prevention. It found that long-term exposure to several air pollutants was linked to higher cardiovascular risk, and that exercise and healthier lifestyles were linked to lower risk.
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Long sleep was associated with reduced overall cognitive function (β ± standard error = -0.25 ± 0.07, p < 0.001), with strongest effects in those with depressive symptoms using (-0.74 ± 0.30, p = 0.017) and not using antidepressants (-0.60 ± 0.26, p = 0.024).
Why it matters
In a cross-sectional Framingham Heart Study analysis, sleeping 9 or more hours a night was associated with worse cognitive performance, and this link was strongest in people with depressive symptoms. Because it is cross-sectional, it cannot show whether long sleep causes cognitive decline or whether changing sleep would help.
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48/100
People with dementia were on average 80.6 years old, mostly female (56%) and mildly to moderately cognitively impaired (85%). 98.6% of the participants had at least one need, of which just over a third (36.5%) were rated as met and just under two-thirds (63.5%) as unmet.
Why it matters
Nearly all participants had at least one need, with most needs unmet, and lacking access to social care and low education were risk factors for unmet needs in almost all areas. Regular general practitioner visits were positively associated with fulfillment of social needs.
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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women globally, with incidence rates continuing to rise.
Why it matters
This review is about breast cancer risk factors and prevention strategies, not about Alzheimer's disease. It provides no information relevant to treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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A repeated measures ANOVA showed that in comparison to the control group, both intervention groups significantly improved mood, quality of life, MIND diet score and all COM-B components at follow-up (p < 0.05).
Why it matters
In this feasibility trial of healthy midlife adults, the MIND diet groups improved mood, quality of life, and diet scores, but there were no significant differences in cognitive function between groups. The authors state that longer interventions are needed to test any link between the MIND diet and cognitive function.
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Hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) and is estimated to be present in >70% of AF patients.
Why it matters
This review from the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration describes how hypertension and atrial fibrillation are connected and together additively increase the risk of ischemic stroke, heart failure, and many types of dementia. It suggests that high-risk individuals aged 65 or older or with treatment-resistant hypertension could benefit from atrial fibrillation screening, and that hypertension should be a key target for prevention.
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Linear mixed modelling of time effects found progression of all CBI-R domains, aside from sleep, beliefs and mood domains, and all ACE-III domains.
Why it matters
This longitudinal study found that combined behavioural and cognitive assessments can capture distinct clinical profiles of frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. It is about clinical characterisation, not treatment, cure, or prevention.
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With the top 20 acoustic features, our framework achieved classification accuracies of 62.2% (EER: 0.3335) on the FHS dataset for NC, MCI, and DE differentiation, and 63.7% (EER: 0.1796) on the DBD dataset for NC and MCI differentiation, using obfuscated speech files.
Why it matters
This study developed a framework using pitch-shifting to protect speaker privacy while maintaining diagnostic utility in voice-based cognitive assessments, achieving classification accuracies of 62.2% and 63.7% on two datasets. The results demonstrate the feasibility of privacy-preserving voice markers for scalable cognitive assessments.
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The control cohort (n = 36.5 million) was 1:1 PSM for age and sex with the HL cohort (n = 1.77 million) in which 0.28% of patients developed delirium compared to 0.74% in the HL cohort (OR 2.66, 95% CI = 2.58-2.75).
Why it matters
This national database study found that patients with hearing loss were more likely to develop delirium than those with normal hearing, and that patients with implantable hearing devices were significantly less likely to develop delirium than hearing loss patients without an implantable device. It is about treating hearing loss to prevent delirium, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Assessment of Healthcare Workers' Compliance with the MIND Diet
- Comparison of automated and manual MRI volumetry of hippocampus in normal aging and dementia
- Government expenditures at the end of life for short- and long-stay nursing home residents: differences by hospice enrollment status
- Depression in dementia: epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment
- Comparing Traditional and Technology-Based Methods for Executive Function and Attention Training in Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia
- Mediterranean diet in predementia and dementia syndromes
- Effect of 1 Year of Qigong Exercise on Cognitive Function Among Older Chinese Adults at Risk of Cognitive Decline: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
- Glymphatic system dysfunction as a predictor of cognitive decline and incident dementia
- Dual Eligibles Faced Serious Health Problems in Shift to Part D
- Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, and Mortality after Hemodialysis Initiation