Newest studies

Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta peptide modulates apolipoprotein E isoform specific receptor binding

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

Key finding: This suggests that the action of apoE isoforms on cellular lipoprotein or cholesterol metabolism is differentially modulated by Abeta. +1 more finding

• Genetics
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Preoperative clinical factors predict postoperative functional outcomes after major lower limb amputation: an analysis of 553 consecutive patients

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Journal of vascular surgery

Key finding: Statistically significant preoperative factors independently associated with not wearing a prosthesis in order of greatest to least risk were nonambulatory before amputation (OR, 9.5), above knee amputation (OR, 4.4), age > 60 years (OR, 2.7), homebound but ambulatory status (OR, 3.0), presence of dementia (OR, 2.4), end-stage renal disease (OR, 2.3), and coronary artery disease (OR, 2.0). +3 more findings

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Dendritic spine abnormalities in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice demonstrated by gene transfer and intravital multiphoton microscopy

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Key finding: Recent work has revealed changes in neurite architecture associated with plaques and functional changes in cortical signaling in amyloid precursor protein (APP) expressing mouse models of AD. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Copper, oxidative stress, and human health

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Molecular aspects of medicine

Key finding: Deficits of this nutrient during pregnancy can result in gross structural malformations in the conceptus, and persistent neurological and immunological abnormalities in the offspring. +3 more findings

• Risk Factors
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Oral tolerance

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical trials Immunological reviews

Key finding: Although positive results have been observed in phase II trials, no effect was observed in phase III trials of CII in rheumatoid arthritis or oral myelin and glatiramer acetate (GA) in MS. +1 more finding

• Clinical Trials

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Cholinesterase inhibitors for patients with Alzheimer's disease: systematic review of randomised clinical trials

67/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

Key finding: Because of flawed methods and small clinical benefits, the scientific basis for recommendations of cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is questionable. +1 more finding

• Treatments
• Clinical Trials

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C-reactive protein and cerebral small-vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Circulation

Key finding: Inflammatory processes may be involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral small-vessel disease, in particular, the development of white matter lesions. +2 more findings

• Risk Factors

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Reduced hippocampal volume among adolescents with alcohol use disorders without psychiatric comorbidity

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Psychiatry research

Key finding: Studies have suggested that teens with alcohol use disorder (AUD) can demonstrate memory deficits, but the underlying neuroanatomical substrates are unclear. +3 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Lifestyle

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Decisions to hospitalize nursing home residents dying with advanced dementia

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: For most institutionalized persons with advanced dementia, a decision to forgo hospitalization is not made until death is imminent. +4 more findings

• Care Services
• End-of-Life Care

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Alzheimer's disease-associated neurotoxic mechanisms and neuroprotective strategies

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders

Key finding: However, a modified version of this hypothesis has emerged, the Abeta cascade hypothesis, which takes into account the fact that soluble oligomeric forms and protofibrils of Abeta and its intraneuronal accumulation also play a key role in the pathogenesis of the disease. +4 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Cerebral microvascular amyloid beta protein deposition induces vascular degeneration and neuroinflammation in transgenic mice expressing human vasculotropic mutant amyloid beta precursor protein

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system The American journal of pathology

Key finding: Additionally, several familial forms of cerebral amyloid angiopathy exist including the Dutch (E22Q) and Iowa (D23N) mutations of Abeta. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Microglia in health and disease

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Journal of neuroscience research

Key finding: It was del Rio Hortega in 1927 who determined that microglia belong a distinct glial cell type apart from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and since 1970s there has been wide recognition that microglia are immune effectors in the CNS that respond to pathological conditions and participate in initiation and progression of neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome dementia complex by releasing potentially cytotoxic molecules such as proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen intermediates, proteinases and complement proteins. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Prognosis of Parkinson disease: risk of dementia and mortality: the Rotterdam Study

59/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Long-term cohort studies Archives of neurology

Key finding: Most prognostic studies on Parkinson disease have been hospital based or have applied register-based case-finding methods. +3 more findings

• Risk Factors
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Effect of baseline cognitive function and antihypertensive treatment on cognitive and cardiovascular outcomes: Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE)

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment American journal of hypertension

Key finding: We examined whether cognitive function at baseline affected cognitive and cardiovascular outcomes in the Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE), a blood pressure (BP)-lowering intervention trial. +3 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Risk Factors
• Treatments

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Rate of progression differs in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease

56/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Neurology

Key finding: Despite advances in the clinical characterization of FTD, little is known about its rate of progression. +3 more findings

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Amino-terminally truncated Abeta peptide species are the main component of cotton wool plaques

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Biochemistry

Key finding: CWPs have been observed in individuals affected by early-onset familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) associated with mutations in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene. +3 more findings

• Genetics
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Mild cognitive impairment

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: There is considerable etiological and clinical heterogeneity within MCI; however, there is a unifying increased risk of progression to dementia.

• Early Stage
• Brain Scans

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Current epidemiology of mild cognitive impairment and other predementia syndromes

39/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: Incidence and prevalence of different predementia syndromes vary as a result of different diagnostic criteria, sampling, and assessment procedures. +1 more finding

• Early Stage

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Referential communication in Alzheimer's type dementia

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior

Key finding: This paper investigates factors that underlie reduced informative content and lack of reference in the discourse of patients with Alzheimer's Type Dementia (DAT). +3 more findings

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Aggregation of vascular risk factors and risk of incident Alzheimer disease

61/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Neurology

Key finding: Diabetes and current smoking were the strongest risk factors, but clusters including hypertension and heart disease also increased the risk of AD.

• Risk Factors

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Prevalence and patterns of cognitive impairment in sporadic ALS

58/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Neurology

Key finding: These data confirm the presence of cognitive impairment in 50% of patients with ALS and particularly implicate executive dysfunction and mild memory decline in the disease process. +3 more findings

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The age-dependent relation of blood pressure to cognitive function and dementia

61/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is The Lancet. Neurology

Key finding: Some cross-sectional studies have shown an inverse association between blood pressure and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, whereas longitudinal studies yield mixed results that largely depend on the age at which blood pressure is measured and the time interval between blood pressure and outcome assessments. +1 more finding

• Risk Factors

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Conceptions of dementia in a multiethnic sample of family caregivers

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: Overall, 54% of caregivers, including 41% of Anglo European Americans, held explanatory models that combined folk and biomedical elements (i.e., mixed models). +1 more finding

• Caregiving
• Health Equity

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Executive dysfunction and the course of geriatric depression

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving Biological psychiatry

Key finding: Both abnormal initiation/perseveration and abnormal Stroop Color-Word scores were associated with an unfavorable response of geriatric depression to citalopram.

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Subcortical vascular dementia: integrating neuropsychological and neuroradiologic data

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Neurology

Key finding: A profile of equal impairment on tests of executive control and memory along with radiologic evidence involving about one-fourth of the cerebral white matter as measured by the Leukoaraiosis Scale may be sufficient for a diagnosis of subcortical vascular dementia. +1 more finding

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source