Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Anemia among older adults aged ≥ 60 years is a well-described risk factor that increases the risk of falls, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality.
Why it matters
This study estimated that about half of older adults in India have anemia, with iron deficiency the most common cause. It reports on anemia prevalence and causes and does not address treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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In the UK Biobank cohort (N = 166,916), MIND diet demonstrated the broadest neuroprotective effects.
Why it matters
In this prospective multi-cohort study, adherence to the MIND diet was significantly associated with reduced risk of dementia, stroke, depression, and anxiety but not Parkinson's disease, while intake of ultra-processed food was associated with increased risk for dementia, Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. These are associations from observational cohorts, not proof that diet prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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= 0.009). Other neuropathologies were similar across cognitive groups.
Why it matters
In 40 participants with essential tremor and dementia, Alzheimer pathology was the prime driver of marked cognitive impairment. The authors say further studies are needed to understand the nature of tau aggregation in essential tremor and note this finding opens the door to blood-based biomarker testing in people with essential tremor who have cognitive difficulties.
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Our findings highlight the importance of personalized risk assessments and the development of tailored interventions based on genetic background to prevent dementia more effectively.
Why it matters
Among 182,473 UK Biobank participants, low social contact, diabetes, and abdominal obesity were the top three modifiable risk factors associated with increased dementia risk, especially in the low APOE risk group. Abdominal obesity contributed the most in low genetic risk groups, while less education was the largest contributor in high genetic risk groups.
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A total of 172 participants were randomized.
Why it matters
In this randomized controlled trial of 172 participants in Vietnam, a smartphone-based psychoeducational intervention reduced caregiver depression, anxiety and stress and improved dementia knowledge, perceived social support and caregiving burden, with effects maintained at three months. It targets caregiver mental health and capacity, not the treatment, cure or prevention of dementia itself.
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Of the 62 caregivers approached, 60 enrolled (96.7%), and 54 completed the study (90% retention).
Why it matters
This pilot randomized controlled trial found that a smartphone-based psychoeducational intervention for caregivers in Vietnam was feasible, well-accepted, and showed preliminary improvements in psychological distress, dementia knowledge, caregiver burden, and quality of life. The authors state that further investigation in a larger trial is warranted.
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Family history of hypertension may reflect genetic and lifestyle factors.
Why it matters
This cohort study is about risk factors for high blood pressure, not Alzheimer's disease, and reports no dementia or cognitive outcomes. It found that high genetic risk and poor lifestyle were associated with increased hypertension risk, and that adding a polygenic risk score improved prediction.
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Outcomes of interest were duration of delirium, health-related quality of life, delirium severity, cognitive function, mortality in the ICU, ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay and adverse events.
Why it matters
This meta-analysis found low-certainty evidence that exercise therapy may reduce the duration of delirium and moderate-certainty evidence that it probably reduces ICU length of stay in adults with delirium after ICU admission. It is about treating delirium in intensive care, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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The overall PAF for the 14 modifiable risk factors was 59.5% (95% CI = 58.5-60.5).
Why it matters
This calculation estimates that almost 60% of dementia cases in Brazil could potentially be prevented by addressing 14 modifiable risk factors, with less education, untreated visual loss, and midlife depression having the highest fractions. It is a population-level estimate of prevention potential, not evidence that any specific intervention prevents dementia in an individual.
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Fit of the models to the data was adequate for general cognitive performance (root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.03; comparative fit index (CFI)=0.94; standardised root mean residual (SRMR)=0.05), language (RMSEA=0.02; CFI=0.95; SRMR=0.05) and good for memory (RMSEA=0.05; CFI=0.99; SRMR=0.02) and executive functioning (RMSEA=0.03; CFI=0.98; SRMR=0.03).
Why it matters
This study found that the adapted cognitive assessment protocol was valid for measuring cognitive functioning in mid-age Kenyans, with factor structure consistent with findings from other countries. The protocol provides a valuable baseline for studying future cognitive decline in this population.
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Dementia is marked by progressive cognitive decline linked to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction.
Why it matters
Across 29 studies in rodent models of dementia, curcumin, a compound from turmeric, reduced the oxidative-stress marker malondialdehyde in every study that measured it, and over 80% of studies showed lower inflammatory signals such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Memory and learning improved in around 80% of studies. Because all of this comes from animals and the studies varied in design and curcumin formulations, the authors say standardised, higher-quality research is needed before any use in people.
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Forty-nine outcomes were presented to survey respondents.
Why it matters
This systematic review produced a dementia with Lewy bodies Core Outcome Set comprising eight outcomes to standardize reporting in future trials. It aims to enhance comparability of research findings but does not provide a treatment or cure.
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The study cohort included 245 patients with FTD (121 female [49.4%], 124 male [50.6%]; mean [SD] age, 65.2 [8.7] years), 2416 matched HCs (1190 female [49.3%], 1226 male [50.7%]; mean [SD] age, 65.0 [8.5] years), and 1326 patients with AD (777 female [58.6%], 549 male [41.4%]; mean [SD] age, 71.7 [9.8] years).
Why it matters
Epilepsy was more prevalent in patients with frontotemporal dementia than in healthy controls or patients with Alzheimer's disease, both before and after diagnosis, and antiseizure medication purchases were more common in the FTD group. This case-control study highlights epilepsy as a relevant feature in frontotemporal dementia.
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Among ACHIEVE participants in the top quartile of predicted risk, 3-year cognitive decline in the hearing intervention was 61.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.7%-94.1%) slower than the control.
Why it matters
This secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE trial found that hearing intervention slowed 3-year cognitive decline by about 62% among participants in the top quartile of predicted risk of cognitive decline. The effect was greatest in people with multiple baseline risk factors for faster cognitive decline.
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Over 7,430,253 person-years of follow-up, 11,345 dementia cases occurred (10,863 AD and 2,159 VaD).
Why it matters
This cohort study found that MASLD and MetALD were associated with increased risks of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, with MetALD showing a stronger association with vascular dementia. It suggests that understanding the distinct effects of different liver disease subtypes on dementia could improve risk assessment and management strategies.
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Thirty-four reviews were included, published between 2009 and 2023.
Why it matters
This meta-review of 34 reviews found most psychosocial interventions focused on neuropsychiatric symptoms and wellbeing, with no reviews covering care transitions, continuity or coordination. It identifies gaps in palliative dementia care research, not a treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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Donanemab (Kisunla®), an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting N-terminal pyroglutamate-modified forms of amyloid-β, is approved in the United States for treatment of early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Why it matters
These expert consensus recommendations from the AD and Related Disorders Therapeutic Workgroup set out who should be considered for donanemab (Kisunla) in US practice: people with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's (MMSE 20-30) whose Alzheimer's pathology has been confirmed by PET or spinal-fluid (CSF) testing. They also advise APOE gene testing before treatment to gauge a person's risk of ARIA, a brain-imaging side effect. This is guidance on using an approved drug safely, built from existing data and expert opinion, not new evidence of how well it works.
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14 IPD-Work studies were assessed and six studies were excluded due to missing outcome data and unavailable data for pooling, resulting in the inclusion of eight studies with 124 909 participants.
Why it matters
This multicohort study found that meeting recommended leisure-time physical activity levels was linked to more disease-free years, with larger gains in some groups such as current smokers. It is about non-communicable diseases in general, not Alzheimer's disease specifically, so it does not show that physical activity prevents or treats dementia.
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During the 4-year follow-up, 134 individuals were diagnosed with dementia.
Why it matters
A risk model using age, education, self-rated AD8 score, marital status, and stroke predicted 4-year dementia risk with good accuracy in a rural Chinese older population. This tool was only internally validated, so it is not yet confirmed for use in other populations or for preventing dementia.
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In both the mortality and readmission cohorts we found significant associations with each pollutant.
Why it matters
Among Medicare beneficiaries already hospitalized for Alzheimer's disease or related dementias, higher annual air pollution exposure was linked to higher risk of death and hospital readmission. This shows an association only and tests no treatment, cure, or prevention.
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PLWD also commonly experience social isolation (Shen et al., 2022), poorer physical function (Jehu et al., 2024a), worsened behavioral and psychological symptoms (Cerejeira et al., 2012), poorer quality of life (Cerejeira et al., 2012), and reduced access to healthcare (Mitchell et al., 2016) compared to older adults without dementia.
Why it matters
This overview discusses design and measurement considerations for group and partnered dance interventions for people with dementia, noting that some non-randomized trials found no changes after intervention, possibly due to small samples. It offers guidance for future intervention research rather than evidence that dance treats or prevents Alzheimer's disease.
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We included 394,255 individuals including 184 incident cases of CD and 459 of UC after median follow-up of 13.6 years (4,889,910 person-years).
Why it matters
This cohort study found that a high inflammatory diet score was associated with higher risk of Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis. It provides no information on Alzheimer's disease.
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Uncertainty remains regarding the role of diet in colorectal cancer development.
Why it matters
This study found that higher calcium intake and dairy consumption were linked to lower colorectal cancer risk, while alcohol and red and processed meat were linked to higher risk. It does not address Alzheimer's disease, so it offers no direct information about treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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The interventions proved effective in improving executive functions.
Why it matters
In this randomized controlled trial, cognitive training improved executive functions and attention in people with moderate Alzheimer's dementia, with MMSE scores, age, and education influencing some outcomes. The authors conclude cognitive training is a valuable tool for these functions, but this is about managing symptoms, not curing or preventing the disease.
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Thirty-nine articles were included, with 21 meta-analyses and 18 qualitative systematic reviews.
Why it matters
This meta-review of 39 articles found that most reviews had low or critically low quality, and that the prevailing evidence supports cognitive training for healthy older adults. It encourages continued research into cognitive stimulation and multicomponent protocols and notes that longer follow-ups are important for identifying clinically significant results.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Utilization of home- and community-based services among rural family caregivers of persons with dementia: the role of the area deprivation index
- Through Their Eyes: Defining ‘good life’ in dementia for health economics and outcomes research
- Unexpected Suicidality in an Older Individual in an Emergency Department
- Prevalence, incidence and modifiable factors for subtypes of mild cognitive impairment: results from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in China
- Health benefits of tai chi: What is the evidence?
- Reimagining dementia screening: A stakeholder-informed perspective on artificial intelligence, digital biomarkers, and real-world implementation
- Prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in northern Peru
- Leveraging explainable artificial intelligence with ensemble of deep learning model for dementia prediction to enhance clinical decision support systems
- Inpatient Palliative Care for Neurological Disorders: Lessons from a Large Retrospective Series
- TDP-43 pathology, cognitive decline, and dementia in old age