Newest studies

Cytoskeleton proteins are modulators of mutant tau-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Human molecular genetics

Key finding: To address the determinants of tau neurotoxicity, we first characterized the cellular alterations resulting from the over-expression of a mutant form of human tau associated with FTDP-17 (tau V337M) in Drosophila. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Abeta oligomers induce neuronal oxidative stress through an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent mechanism that is blocked by the Alzheimer drug memantine

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments The Journal of biological chemistry

Key finding: Using hippocampal neuronal cultures, we found that ADDLs stimulated excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through a mechanism requiring N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) activation. +1 more finding

• Treatments
• Brain Biology

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Regulated intramembrane proteolysis of the interleukin-1 receptor II by alpha-, beta-, and gamma-secretase

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE The Journal of biological chemistry

Key finding: Increased proteolytic processing and secretion of another membrane protein, the interleukin-1 receptor II (IL-1R2), have also been linked to the pathogenesis of AD. +3 more findings

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Gait in ageing and associated dementias; its relationship with cognition

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

Key finding: Despite these findings, most studies with patients with dementia focus exclusively on the relationship between cognition and dementia, with relatively few addressing the relationship between gait and dementia. +1 more finding

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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha)-mediated hypoxia increases BACE1 expression and beta-amyloid generation

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is The Journal of biological chemistry

Key finding: Sequence analysis, mutagenesis, and gel shift studies revealed binding of HIF-1 to the BACE1 promoter. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Diabetologia

Key finding: These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent. +4 more findings

• Risk Factors

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The elephant in the room - healthy brains in later life, epidemiology and public health

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Nature reviews. Neuroscience

Key finding: The increasing age of the population around the world has meant that greater attention is being paid to disorders that mainly affect older people. +3 more findings

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EEG alterations in non-demented individuals related to apolipoprotein E genotype and to risk of Alzheimer disease

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Under hyperventilation the presence of the epsilon4 allele in AD relatives was associated with the manifestation of synchronous high-voltage delta-, theta-activity and sharp-waves, pronounced decrease in alpha and increase in delta and theta relative powers. +1 more finding

• Genetics

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Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Huntington's disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Progress in neurobiology

Key finding: Neurotrophic factors are essential contributors to the survival of peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) neurons, and demonstration of their reduced availability in diseased brains indicates that they play a role in various neurological disorders. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The topography of grey matter involvement in early and late onset Alzheimer's disease

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: Clinical observations have suggested that the neuropsychological profile of early and late onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (EOAD and LOAD) differ in that neocortical functions are more affected in the former and learning in the latter, suggesting that they might be different diseases. +1 more finding

• Brain Scans

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Caregiver burden associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in elderly people in the local community

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders

Key finding: The burden associated with BPSD is different for each symptom and does not always depend on frequency and severity of BPSD. +4 more findings

• Caregiving

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Proteomic Identification of Novel Proteins in Cortical Lewy Bodies

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Brain Pathology

Key finding: The results demonstrated that heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (also known as HSC70, HSP73, or HSPA10) was indeed not only colocalized with the majority of LBs in the temporal cortex but also colocalized to LBs in the frontal cortex of patients with diffuse LB disease.

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Clinical predictors of progression to Alzheimer disease in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

69/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Neurology

Key finding: Progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer disease in this cohort was best determined by combining four common, easily administered, cognitive measures.

• Early Stage

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Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mediates retinal detachment-induced photoreceptor apoptosis

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Key finding: Confirming these results, MCP-1 gene-deficient mice showed significantly reduced macrophage/microglia infiltration after RD and very little photoreceptor apoptosis.

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Sleep disturbances in caregivers of persons with dementia: contributing factors and treatment implications

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving Sleep medicine reviews

Key finding: Estimates suggest that there are more than 10 million adult caregivers of persons with dementia, two-thirds of who experience some form of sleep disturbance during the course of their caregiving career. +2 more findings

• Caregiving
• Treatments
• Lifestyle

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

A beta oligomers - a decade of discovery

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Journal of neurochemistry

Key finding: Converging lines of evidence suggest that progressive accumulation of the amyloid beta-protein (A beta) plays a central role in the genesis of Alzheimer's disease, but it was long assumed that A beta had to be assembled into extracellular amyloid fibrils to exert its cytotoxic effects. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Increased amyloid beta protein levels in children and adolescents with Down syndrome

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Journal of the neurological sciences

Key finding: The over expression of APP gene in DS leads to increases in plasma Abeta40 and Abeta42 levels before plaque formation in DS brain. +3 more findings

• Down Syndrome
• Brain Biology
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cost-effectiveness of treatments for Alzheimer's dementia

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Costs and economics Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research

Key finding: A summary of the situation as regards cost-effectiveness on drugs for Alzheimer's disease showed that no evidence could be stated on empirical studies.

• Policy
• Treatments

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Cerebrospinal fluid proteomic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Annals of neurology

Key finding: A panel of possible CSF biomarkers for AD has been identified using proteomic methods.

• Biomarkers

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ER stress and diseases

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors The FEBS journal

Key finding: It has been revealed that three independent response pathways separately regulate induction of the expression of chaperones, ERAD components, and translational attenuation. +1 more finding

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Exercise program for nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: a 1-year randomized, controlled trial

69/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical trials Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: A simple exercise program, 1 hour twice a week, led to significantly slower decline in ADL score in patients with AD living in a nursing home than routine medical care. +2 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Lifestyle
• Care Services

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Neuroprotective effects of regulators of the glycogen synthase kinase-3beta signaling pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease are associated with reduced amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Key finding: Second, hAPP tg mice were crossed with GSK3beta tg mice, in which overexpression of this signaling molecule results in a dominant-negative (DN) effect with inhibition of activity. hAPP tg mice that were treated with lithium or that were crossed with DN-GSK3beta tg mice displayed improved performance in the water maze, preservation of the dendritic structure in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and decreased tau phosphorylation. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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When loss is gain: reduced presenilin proteolytic function leads to increased Abeta42/Abeta40. Talking Point on the role of presenilin mutations in Alzheimer disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers EMBO reports

Key finding: More than 100 missense mutations in presenilin 1 and 2 are associated with early-onset dominant Alzheimer disease. +1 more finding

• Genetics

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Prospective reports of chronic life stress predict decreased grey matter volume in the hippocampus

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans NeuroImage

Key finding: In humans with stress-related psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired learning and memory and dysregulated neuroendocrine activity, surrogate and retrospective indicators of chronic stress are also associated with decreased hippocampal volume. +1 more finding

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Palliative care for the older adult

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Journal of palliative medicine

Key finding: Palliative care physicians need to be skilled in addressing the needs of these frail elders with life-limiting illness as they approach the end of life. +4 more findings

• End-of-Life Care

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source