Newest studies

Preclinical evidence of Alzheimer changes: convergent cerebrospinal fluid biomarker and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography findings

54/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Tau biomarkers Archives of neurology

Key finding: Voxel-based analyses demonstrated significant negative correlations between CSF tau and ptau(181) levels and CMRglu in the posterior cingulate, precuneus, and parahippocampal regions. +4 more findings

• Biomarkers
• Brain Scans

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Syncope and its consequences in patients with dementia receiving cholinesterase inhibitors: a population-based cohort study

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Archives of internal medicine

Key finding: Use of cholinesterase inhibitors is associated with increased rates of syncope, bradycardia, pacemaker insertion, and hip fracture in older adults with dementia. +3 more findings

• Treatments

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Amyloid imaging in mild cognitive impairment subtypes

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Annals of neurology

Key finding: Using cutoffs established from a control cohort, we found that 14 (54%) patients had increased levels of PiB retention and were considered "amyloid-positive." +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Early Stage

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Management of agitation and aggression associated with Alzheimer disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Nature reviews. Neurology

Key finding: The most widely prescribed pharmacological treatments for these symptoms-atypical antipsychotics-have a modest but significant beneficial effect in the short-term treatment (over 6-12 weeks) of aggression but limited benefits in longer term therapy.

• Treatments

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Phenomenological subtypes of delirium in older persons: patterns, prevalence, and prognosis

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Psychosomatics

Key finding: The data suggest that instruments measuring delirium severity and psychomotor features provide important prognostic information and should be integrated into the assessment of delirium. +2 more findings

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The prevention of dementia

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention trials International journal of geriatric psychiatry

Key finding: It may be that risk and protective factors vary with age, however, in the absence of prophylactic treatment it seems likely that the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle may represent the best option with regard to the prevention of dementia. +1 more finding

• Prevention
• Risk Factors
• Lifestyle

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Amyloid beta interaction with receptor for advanced glycation end products up-regulates brain endothelial CCR5 expression and promotes T cells crossing the blood-brain barrier

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Key finding: We showed that inhibitors of JNK, ERK, and PI3K significantly decreased Abeta-induced CCR5 expression in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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The role of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of neurochemistry

Key finding: Mitochondria play critical roles in neuronal function and almost all aspects of mitochondrial function are altered in Alzheimer neurons. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Refined geographic distribution of the oriental ALDH2*504Lys (nee 487Lys) variant

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Annals of human genetics

Key finding: The oriental ALDH2*504Lys variant functions as a dominant negative, greatly reducing activity in heterozygotes and abolishing activity in homozygotes. +3 more findings

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Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and rate of cognitive decline in very mild dementia of the Alzheimer type

60/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Archives of neurology

Key finding: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Abeta peptide 1-42 (Abeta 42), tau, and phosphorylated tau (ptau) are potential biomarkers of Alzheimer disease. +3 more findings

• Biomarkers

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Differential gene expression in LPS/IFNgamma activated microglia and macrophages: in vitro versus in vivo

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed TREM2 and immune genetics Journal of neurochemistry

Key finding: Markers distinguishing these two populations in tissue sections have not been identified. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

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The common inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane induces apoptosis and increases beta-amyloid protein levels

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Archives of neurology

Key finding: Subjects Naive mice, H4 human neuroglioma cells, and H4 human neuroglioma cells stably transfected to express full-length amyloid precursor protein. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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2009 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

57/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Key finding: Significant cost implications related to AD and other dementias include an estimated $148 billion annually in direct (Medicare/Medicaid) and indirect (e.g., decreased business productivity) costs.

• Policy

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Age, neuropathology, and dementia

60/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving The New England journal of medicine

Key finding: The association between the pathological features of Alzheimer's disease and dementia is stronger in younger old persons than in older old persons. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology

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Delirium accelerates cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease

71/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Neurology

Key finding: Delirium can accelerate the trajectory of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). +1 more finding

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Association between late-life body mass index and dementia: The Kame Project

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Neurology

Key finding: Higher baseline body mass index (BMI) and slower declining BMI in late life are associated with a reduced risk of dementia, suggesting that low BMI or a faster decline in BMI in late life may be preclinical indicators of an underlying dementing illness, especially for those who were initially overweight or obese. +2 more findings

• Risk Factors

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Insulin receptor dysfunction impairs cellular clearance of neurotoxic oligomeric a{beta}

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms The Journal of biological chemistry

Key finding: Our results suggest that dysfunctions of brain insulin and IGF-1 receptors contribute to Abeta aggregation and subsequent synaptic loss.

• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The surface-exposed chaperone, Hsp60, is an agonist of the microglial TREM2 receptor

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed TREM2 and immune genetics Journal of neurochemistry

Key finding: Mutations of the receptor (or of its coupling protein, DAP12) sustain in fact a genetic disease affecting the two organs, the polycystic lipomembraneous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL or Nasu-Hakola disease). +3 more findings

• Genetics
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Unified staging system for Lewy body disorders: correlation with nigrostriatal degeneration, cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction

59/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia Acta neuropathologica

Key finding: The results of the current study, based on examination of a standard set of ten brain regions from 417 subjects stained immunohistochemically for alpha-synuclein, suggest a new staging system that, in this study, allows for the classification of all subjects with Lewy body disorders. +2 more findings

• Other Dementias

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Estrogens, episodic memory, and Alzheimer's disease: a critical update

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Seminars in reproductive medicine

Key finding: Partial insight on this critical issue may be gleaned from results of ongoing clinical trials involving midlife postmenopausal women (Early versus Late Intervention Trial with Estrogen; Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study).

• Clinical Trials

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CCR5 deficiency induces astrocyte activation, Abeta deposit and impaired memory function

37/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Neurobiology of learning and memory

Key finding: Activation of astrocytes has been known to be associated with amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposit and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that lead to neuronal cell death in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). +4 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Hereditary and sporadic forms of abeta-cerebrovascular amyloidosis and relevant transgenic mouse models

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers International journal of molecular sciences

Key finding: Although many kinds of peptides are known to be deposited as vascular amyloid, amyloid-beta (Abeta)-CAA is the most common type associated with normal aging, sporadic CAA, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down's syndrome. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for the timed "up & go" test, the six-minute walk test, and gait speed in people with Alzheimer disease

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Physical therapy

Key finding: The TUG, the 6MWT, and gait speed are reliable outcome measures for use with people with AD, recognizing that individual variability of performance is high. +1 more finding

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Guiding design of dementia friendly environments in residential care settings: Considering the living experiences

34/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Dementia

Key finding: Despite efforts to move aged care away from the medical model to a more balanced social model of care, we still struggle with the dominance of an institutional context which impedes individuality and choice. +4 more findings

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Five out of 16 plasma signaling proteins are enhanced in plasma of patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Especially, the analysis of blood plasma had yielded incongruent results. +4 more findings

• Early Stage

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source