Newest studies

Evidence for a cytokine model of cognitive function

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

Key finding: Currently available evidence shows that the cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha play a role in complex cognitive processes at the molecular level, such as synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, as well as neuromodulation. +4 more findings

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New roles for insulin-like hormones in neuronal signalling and protection: new hopes for novel treatments of Alzheimer's disease?

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: This is most likely due to the desensitisation of insulin receptors in the brain. +4 more findings

• Treatments
• Brain Biology

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TNF signaling inhibition in the CNS: implications for normal brain function and neurodegenerative disease

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Journal of neuroinflammation

Key finding: A potential role for TNF in synaptic scaling and hippocampal neurogenesis demonstrated by recent studies suggest additional in-depth mechanistic studies are warranted to delineate the distinct functions of the two TNF ligands in different parts of the brain prior to large-scale development of anti-TNF therapies in the CNS.

• Brain Biology

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Statins are associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer disease regardless of lipophilicity. The Rotterdam Study

62/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

Key finding: In the general population, the use of statins, but not of non-statin cholesterol-lowering drugs, was associated with a lower risk of AD compared with never use of cholesterol-lowering drugs. +4 more findings

• Risk Factors
• Prevention

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Heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: post-mortem quantitative MRI and neuropathology

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: WMH are only weakly and inconsistently associated with cognitive decline, which may be explained by heterogeneity of the underlying neuropathological substrates. +4 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Brain Scans

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Essential fatty acids and their metabolites could function as endogenous HMG-CoA reductase and ACE enzyme inhibitors, anti-arrhythmic, anti-hypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective molecules

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development Lipids in health and disease

Key finding: Unlike the proposed "polypill", EFAs are endogenous molecules present in almost all tissues, have no significant or few side effects, can be taken orally for long periods of time even by pregnant women, lactating mothers, and infants, children, and adults; and have been known to reduce the incidence cardiovascular diseases including stroke.

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Proteomics of the lysosome

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Biochimica et biophysica acta

Key finding: Defects in lysosomal function have been associated with numerous monogenic human diseases typically classified as lysosomal storage diseases. +1 more finding

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Phospholipase A2 activation as a therapeutic approach for cognitive enhancement in early-stage Alzheimer disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention trials Psychopharmacology

Key finding: The use of positive modulators of PLA2 (especially of cPLA2 and iPLA2) or supplementation with dietary lipid compounds (e.g., arachidonic acid) in combination with cognitive training could be a valuable therapeutic strategy for cognitive enhancement in early-stage AD. +1 more finding

• Early Stage
• Treatments
• Brain Biology

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PUFA induce antidepressant-like effects in parallel to structural and molecular changes in the hippocampus

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Psychoneuroendocrinology

Key finding: Epidemiological data suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption may be inversely correlated to the prevalence and severity of depression but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. +2 more findings

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A common polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) modulates human cortical plasticity and the response to rTMS

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans The Journal of physiology

Key finding: The brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) is one of many genes thought to influence synaptic plasticity in the adult brain and shows a common single nucleotide polymorphism (BDNF Val66Met) in the normal population that is associated with differences in hippocampal volume and episodic memory. +3 more findings

• Genetics

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Recurrent seizures in patients with dementia: frequency, seizure types, and treatment outcome

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Epilepsy & behavior : E&B

Key finding: The present study indicated that most individuals with the comorbidity of epilepsy and dementia have complex partial seizures that may be adequately controlled on AED therapy. +3 more findings

• Treatments
• Brain Scans

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Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

Key finding: Folic acid supplements may sometimes therefore include vitamin B12 supplements with simultaneous administration of vitamin B12.Lesser degrees of folate inadequacy are associated with high blood levels of the amino acid homocysteine which has been linked with the risk of arterial disease, dementia and Alzheimer's disease. +4 more findings

• Prevention
• Lifestyle
• Treatments

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Environmental-induced oxidative stress in neurodegenerative disorders and aging

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Mutation research

Key finding: Damage to tissue biomolecules, including lipids, proteins and DNA, by free radicals is postulated to contribute importantly to the pathophysiology of oxidative stress. +4 more findings

• Risk Factors
• Other Dementias
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Multi-modal imaging predicts memory performance in normal aging and cognitive decline

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: In AD, posterior cingulate cortical thickness predicted learning, while APOE genotype predicted recognition. +4 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Accuracy of dementia diagnosis: a direct comparison between radiologists and a computerized method

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: In this study, we compare the results to those obtained by radiologists. +3 more findings

• Digital Tools
• Diagnosis

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Parkinsonism and impaired axonal transport in a mouse model of frontotemporal dementia

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Key finding: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by cognitive and behavioral changes and, in a significant subset of patients, Parkinsonism. +1 more finding

• Other Dementias
• Brain Biology
• Genetics

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Diffusion in brain extracellular space

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Physiological reviews

Key finding: Overall, these studies improve our conception of ECS structure and the roles of glia and extracellular matrix in modulating the ECS microenvironment.

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Abeta amyloid and glucose metabolism in three variants of primary progressive aphasia

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Annals of neurology

Key finding: LPA is associated with Abeta amyloidosis, suggesting that subclassification of PPA based on language features can help predict the likelihood of AD pathology. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Other Dementias

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Thirty years of Alzheimer's disease genetics: the implications of systematic meta-analyses

64/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Nature reviews. Neuroscience

Key finding: Systematic meta-analyses of these studies currently highlight more than 20 loci that have modest but significant effects on AD risk.

• Genetics

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Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced?

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention trials Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society

Key finding: In practice, knowledge and expertise are critical for effective functioning, and the available evidence suggests that older adults effectively employ specific knowledge and expertise and can gain new knowledge when it is required. +4 more findings

• Lifestyle

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Evidence for altered LRP/RAGE expression in Alzheimer lesion pathogenesis

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Current Alzheimer research

Key finding: There is significant evidence to suggest that a damaged or dysfunctional blood-brain barrier (BBB) may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) lesions. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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White matter tauopathy with globular glial inclusions: a distinct sporadic frontotemporal lobar degeneration

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Key finding: Western blotting of sarkosyl-insoluble tau demonstrated the presence of 2 major tau bands of 64 and 68 kd.

• Brain Biology
• Genetics
• Other Dementias

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TDP-43 accumulation in inclusion body myopathy muscle suggests a common pathogenic mechanism with frontotemporal dementia

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

Key finding: One form of FTD-U, due to mutations in the valosin containing protein (VCP) gene, occurs with an inclusion body myopathy (IBMPFD). +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

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TREM2 is upregulated in amyloid plaque-associated microglia in aged APP23 transgenic mice

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed TREM2 and immune genetics Glia

Key finding: Here, we analyzed amyloid plaque-associated areas in aged APP23 transgenic mice, an animal model of AD, by combining laser microdissection with microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR). +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

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Proteomic profiling of gamma-secretase substrates and mapping of substrate requirements

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE PLoS biology

Key finding: Its ability to liberate numerous intracellular signaling proteins from the membrane and also mediate the secretion of amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) has made modulation of gamma-secretase activity a therapeutic goal for cancer and Alzheimer disease. +3 more findings

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