Newest studies

Tube feeding in nursing home residents with severe and irreversible cognitive impairment

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: In multivariate analysis, feeding tube use was found to be associated with swallowing problems (odds ratio (OR) 5.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.3-6.8); urban location of nursing home (OR 2.9, 95% CI 2.3-3.5); non-white race (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.9-3.6); stroke (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.1); and absence of dementia (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.1). +4 more findings

• Health Equity
• Care Services
• End-of-Life Care

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Primary antiphospholipid syndrome: functional outcome after 10 years

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities The Journal of rheumatology

Key finding: Functional prognosis is poor in an important minority of primary APS patients with > 10 years of disease.

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The prevalence of dementia in a statewide sample of new nursing home admissions aged 65 and older: diagnosis by expert panel. Epidemiology of Dementia in Nursing Homes Research Group

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities The Gerontologist

Key finding: Prevalence is highest in facilities with <50 beds versus 200+ beds (65.5% vs 39.6%) and those in urban versus rural areas (50.0% vs 39.1%). +2 more findings

• Care Services

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Efficacy and safety of galantamine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: multicentre randomised controlled trial. Galantamine International-1 Study Group

64/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

Key finding: As galantamine slowed the decline of functional ability as well as cognition, its effects are likely to be clinically relevant.

• Clinical Trials
• Treatments
• Side Effects

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A beta peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease

58/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving Nature

Key finding: Here we show that vaccination with A beta protects transgenic mice from the learning and age-related memory deficits that normally occur in this mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. +4 more findings

• Prevention
• Brain Biology

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Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study

75/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Lancet (London, England)

Key finding: Patients taking rivastigmine were significantly less apathetic and anxious, and had fewer delusions and hallucinations while on treatment than controls. +3 more findings

• Treatments
• Other Dementias
• Clinical Trials

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Association of a haplotype for tumor necrosis factor in siblings with late-onset Alzheimer disease: the NIMH Alzheimer Disease Genetics Initiative

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics American journal of medical genetics

Key finding: Three TNF polymorphisms, a -308 TNF promoter polymorphism, whose TNF2 allele is associated with autoimmune inflammatory diseases and strong transcriptional activity, the -238 TNF promoter polymorphism, and the microsatellite TNFa, whose 2 allele is associated with a high TNF secretion, were typed in 145 families consisting of 562 affected and unaffected siblings. +2 more findings

• Genetics

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Memory performance and the apolipoprotein E polymorphism in a community sample of middle-aged adults

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics American journal of medical genetics

Key finding: The apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) is an established risk factor for Alzheimer disease, with the age-at-onset occurring earlier in individuals having at least one APOE epsilon 4 allele, relative to the APOE epsilon 3 or APOE epsilon 2 isoforms. +1 more finding

• Genetics

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α-Synuclein Membrane Interactions and Lipid Specificity

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Journal of Biological Chemistry

Key finding: As previous reports have suggested that alpha-Syn plays a role in lipid transport and synaptic membrane biogenesis, we investigated whether alpha-Syn binds to a specific lipid ligand using thin layer chromatography overlay and examined the changes in its secondary structure using circular dichroism spectroscopy. alpha-Syn was found to bind to acidic phospholipid vesicles and this binding was significantly augmented by the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, a neutral phospholipid. +1 more finding

• Genetics
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cerebrospinal fluid markers for Alzheimer's disease evaluated after acute ischemic stroke

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Tau biomarkers Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

Key finding: In contrast, CSF-amyloid beta(1-42) and CSF-apoE showed no significant changes during the period. +1 more finding

• Biomarkers

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Mitotic activation: a convergent mechanism for a cohort of neurodegenerative diseases

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Our results demonstrate that neurons containing characteristic lesions in a subset of diseases including Down Syndrome (DS), Frontotemporal Dementia linked to chromosome 17 (FTD-17), Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD), Parkinson-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis of Guam (GP-ALS), Niemann Pick disease type C (NPDC), and Pick's disease, display mitotic indices, implicating diverse etiologies in mitotic activation.

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Lower extremity performance in nondisabled older persons as a predictor of subsequent hospitalization

62/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Costs and economics The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Key finding: Even in persons who are currently nondisabled, a simple measure of lower extremity performance is predictive of subsequent hospitalization, especially for geriatric conditions. +1 more finding

• Care Services

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Treatment of agitation in AD: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial

78/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving Neurology

Key finding: Comparable modest reductions in agitation occurred in patients receiving haloperidol, trazodone, BMT, and placebo. +3 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Treatments

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Apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology

Key finding: Neuronal death underlies the symptoms of many human neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Galantamine: a review of its use in Alzheimer's disease

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Drugs

Key finding: Recipients of galantamine 16 or 24 mg/day achieved significant improvements in cognitive and global symptoms relative to placebo recipients in large (n = 285 to 978 patients with mild to moderate AD) well-designed trials of 3 to 6 months' duration. +3 more findings

• Treatments

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Neuronal apoptosis by apolipoprotein E4 through low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein and heterotrimeric GTPases

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Key finding: The involvement of heterotrimeric GTPases was demonstrated by the findings that (1) ApoE4-induced death was suppressed by pertussis toxin (PTX), but not by heat-inactivated PTX; and (2) transfection with PTX-resistant mutant cDNAs of Galpha(i) restored the toxicity of ApoE4 restricted by PTX. +1 more finding

• Genetics

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Short telomeres in patients with vascular dementia: an indicator of low antioxidative capacity and a possible risk factor?

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology

Key finding: In 186 individuals including 149 geriatric patients (age range, 55-98 yr), leukocyte telomeres in patients with probable or possible vascular dementia were significantly shorter than in three age-matched control groups, namely in cognitively competent patients suffering from cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease alone, in patients with probable Alzheimer's dementia, and in apparently healthy control subjects.

• Risk Factors
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Fornix and hippocampal atrophy in traumatic brain injury

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)

Key finding: The TBI group showed a significant reduction in fornix area and hippocampal volume. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Risk Factors

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Psychiatric illness in hip fracture

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Age and ageing

Key finding: Application of predetermined quality criteria for prevalence and outcome studies.

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Undetected dementia in community-dwelling older people: the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

46/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: A large number of older persons are living in the community with undetected dementia. +4 more findings

• Diagnosis

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A comparison of sleep profiles in patients with dementia with lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety International journal of geriatric psychiatry

Key finding: Both groups have extensive sleep problems. +4 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Treatments
• Lifestyle

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Tau gene mutation K257T causes a tauopathy similar to Pick's disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Key finding: Upon dephosphorylation, these bands resolved into 6 bands consisting of 3-repeat and 4-repeat tau isoforms, with an overall preponderance of 3-repeat tau. +2 more findings

• Genetics

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Mutant WD-repeat protein in triple-A syndrome

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Nature genetics

Key finding: Whereas several lines of evidence indicate that triple-A syndrome results from the abnormal development of the autonomic nervous system, late-onset progressive neurological symptoms (including cerebellar ataxia, peripheral neuropathy and mild dementia) suggest that the central nervous system may be involved in the disease as well. +3 more findings

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Clinical efficacy and safety of donepezil on cognitive and global function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A 24-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in Japan. E2020 Study Group

58/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders

Key finding: In this study, 268 patients were enrolled and 39 of these (15%) were withdrawn. +3 more findings

• Clinical Trials
• Treatments
• Side Effects

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Visual rating and volumetry of the medial temporal lobe on magnetic resonance imaging in dementia: a comparative study

50/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

Key finding: It has been shown that atrophy of medial temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex shown on MRI may distinguish patients with Alzheimer's disease from healthy controls. +3 more findings

• Brain Scans

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source