Newest studies

End-of-life decision making for nursing home residents with dementia

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing

Key finding: Five themes were identified that describe the context of decision making: emotional effect, insult-to-life story, two faces of death, values and goals regarding end-of-life treatments, and the unrecognized trajectory of dying.

• End-of-Life Care
• Care Services

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Neuropsychiatry of Huntington's disease and other basal ganglia disorders

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Psychosomatics

Key finding: Degenerative diseases of the basal ganglia, such as Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease, and Wilson's disease, are characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric manifestations. +3 more findings

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Risk factors in falls among the elderly according to extrinsic and intrinsic precipitating causes

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety European journal of epidemiology

Key finding: Because different types of falls may be associated with different factors, falls were classified according to the precipitating cause, either extrinsic or intrinsic. +2 more findings

• Risk Factors

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Alzheimer's disease and inflammation: a review of cellular and therapeutic mechanisms

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology

Key finding: Inflammatory microglia are consistently associated with senile plaques in AD, although the classic inflammatory response (immunoglobulin and leucocyte infiltration) is absent. beta-Amyloid fragments appear to mediate such inflammatory mechanisms by activating the complement pathway in a similar fashion to immunoglobulin. 4. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Treatments

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease

78/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

Key finding: Tacrine, the first of the cholinesterase inhibitors to undergo extensive trials for this purpose, was associated with significant adverse effects including hepatotoxicity. +4 more findings

• Treatments
• Clinical Trials

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cell death mechanisms in Parkinson's disease

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)

Key finding: In 4 cases of Parkinson's disease (PD), 2 cases of Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and 3 age-matched controls, the TUNEL/ISEL method was used to detect DNA fragmentation in substantia nigra locus coeruleus and cerebral cortex [method by Gold et al. In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed for an array of apoptosis-related proteins, i.e. the recently described apoptosis specific protein cJun/AP1 (ASP), the proto-oncogenes c-Jun, c-Jun AP1, Bcl2, Bax, Bcl-x, p53, CD 95 (Fas/Apo-1) +3 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cell mediators of inflammation in the Alzheimer disease brain

39/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: Activated microglia agglomerate in the center of senile plaques. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Fatty acid intake and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline: a review of clinical and epidemiological studies

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Long-term cohort studies The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Key finding: This review gives an overview of the few studies that have investigated the relationship between fatty acid intake (including the fatty acids from fish) and cognitive function or dementia and summarises the results from two Dutch population-based prospective studies: the Zutphen Elderly Study (n=476) and the Rotterdam Study (n=5,386). +3 more findings

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The Oregon brain aging study: neuropathology accompanying healthy aging in the oldest old

54/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Neurology

Key finding: Nondemented individuals without cardiovascular or other age-associated diseases of age > or =85 years were followed until death. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Consequences of not recognizing delirium superimposed on dementia in hospitalized elderly individuals

37/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Journal of gerontological nursing

Key finding: The purpose of this study was to describe the recognition and management of delirium in hospitalized patients with and without dementia. +3 more findings

• Care Services
• Clinical Trials

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Caspases and neurodegeneration: on the cutting edge of new therapeutic approaches

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Clinical genetics

Key finding: In this review, we focus on the role of cysteine aspartate-specific proteases (caspase) activity in Huntington disease (HD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) as two representative neurodegenerative disorders that normally manifest in mid- to late-life. +3 more findings

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High prevalence of pathogenic mutations in patients with early-onset dementia detected by sequence analyses of four different genes

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE American journal of human genetics

Key finding: In both disease entities, postmortem brain histopathological examination is essential for unambiguous diagnosis. +3 more findings

• Genetics

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A voxel-based morphometry study of semantic dementia: relationship between temporal lobe atrophy and semantic memory

56/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia Annals of neurology

Key finding: Among the circumscribed regions of neuronal loss, the left temporal pole (Brodmann area 38) was the most significantly and consistently affected region. +3 more findings

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Present and future of Alzheimer therapy

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum

Key finding: Based on results related to a population of over 8,000 patients we conclude that several of these compounds have shown significant clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.

• Treatments

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Early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease with positron emission tomography

35/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: Positron emission tomography studies in patients with Alzheimer disease have revealed a typical pattern of metabolic deficits in the temporal and parietal lobes. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Diagnosis
• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cholinesterase inhibitor therapy stabilizes symptoms of Alzheimer disease

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: Based on results related to a population of more than 8,000 patients, we conclude that several of these compounds have shown significant clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.

• Treatments

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer disease: clinical and therapeutic implications

35/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: In Alzheimer disease brains, the amyloid plaques are closely associated with a locally induced, nonimmune-mediated, chronic inflammatory response without any apparent influx of leukocytes from the blood. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Treatments

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A new aspartyl protease on 21q22.3, BACE2, is highly similar to Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein beta-secretase

35/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Cytogenetics and cell genetics

Key finding: Here, we report the isolation and characterization of BACE2, a gene mapping on human chromosome 21q22.3, which is highly similar to a transmembrane aspartyl protease, BACE (for beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme), which is able to catalyze the beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP). +4 more findings

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Bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a parkinsonian patient with preoperative deficits in speech and cognition: persistent improvement in mobility but increased dependency: a case study

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

Key finding: The striking improvement in motor symptoms following STN stimulation was not paralleled by improvement in disability, probably as a result of a cognitive decline, suggesting a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with dementia. +1 more finding

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The impact of music therapy on language functioning in dementia

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Journal of music therapy

Key finding: In this study, the effects of music therapy were compared to conversational sessions on language functioning in dementia patients. +3 more findings

• Treatments

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Behavioral phenotype of individuals with Down syndrome

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews

Key finding: Evidence is reviewed for a developmentally-emerging behavioral phenotype in individuals with Down syndrome that includes significant delay in nonverbal cognitive development accompanied by additional, specific deficits in speech, language production, and auditory short-term memory in infancy and childhood, but fewer adaptive behavior problems than individuals with other cognitive disabilities.

• Down Syndrome

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Research criteria for subcortical vascular dementia in clinical trials

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum

Key finding: This designation incorporates two small vessel clinical entities "Binswanger's disease" and "the lacunar state". +4 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Clinical Trials

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Midlife blood pressure and neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and brain weight at death: the HAAS. Honolulu-Asia aging Study

61/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: Midlife hypertension is associated with later development of cognitive impairment, vascular dementia (VsD), and possibly Alzheimer's disease (AD). +4 more findings

• Brain Biology
• Risk Factors

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Incidence of dementia and major subtypes in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. Neurologic Diseases in the Elderly Research Group

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Neurology

Key finding: There was a large variation in VaD incidence across studies. +4 more findings

• Risk Factors

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Prevalence of dementia and major subtypes in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. Neurologic Diseases in the Elderly Research Group

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Neurology

Key finding: The prevalence of dementia increased continuously with age and was 0.8% in the group age 65 to 69 years and 28.5% at age 90 years and older. +4 more findings

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source