Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The 3D-CAM-S severity scores correlated with DRS, delirium duration, and biomarkers of delirium.
Why it matters
In patients over 65 having major elective surgery, a shorter delirium severity score matched a longer established rating scale and correlated with delirium duration and biomarkers. This is about measuring delirium severity, not treating or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Mean age was 83.5 years (delirium 78.7 vs non-delirium 88.4); 13/20 were female; 17/20 had premorbid cognitive decline/impairment or dementia.
Why it matters
This small pilot MRI study of 20 participants found that scanning was feasible and tolerable in people with delirium, and detected DWI-hyperintense lesions in one-third of all participants regardless of delirium status. It indicates acute vascular contributions to both delirium and non-delirium presentations and supports the need for larger studies.
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Female caregivers perceived a greater care burden than male caregivers.
Why it matters
This large survey found that female caregivers perceived greater care burden than male caregivers, partly explained by more difficulty combining daily activities with caregiving, and that male caregivers perceived slightly greater burden when caring for a female. The findings concern caregiver support needs and do not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Early-stage DLB closely resembles PD in motor symptoms but has more neuropsychiatric non-motor symptoms compared to PD and overall non-motor symptoms than AD.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study of 107 people describes which motor and non-motor symptoms appear early in dementia with Lewy bodies, finding it resembles Parkinson's disease in motor symptoms but has more neuropsychiatric non-motor symptoms than Parkinson's and more non-motor symptoms overall than Alzheimer's. It is descriptive only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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No model terms met the a priori cut-off beyond the base model, including device type, response input source (e.g. mouse, etc.), or session interference.
Why it matters
This study provides normative data for remote self-administered cognitive tests and found these measures were sensitive to cognitive impairment in validation samples. Device type and response input source did not explain enough variance to be included in the models, though they remain important for interpreting individual scores.
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Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with worse cognitive performance on memory, executive function, processing speed, and preclinical Alzheimer's tests on both datasets.
Why it matters
In this exploratory study, neighborhood disadvantage was linked to worse performance on memory, executive function, processing speed, and preclinical Alzheimer's tests. Brain morphological patterns in frontal and temporal regions were marginally linked to neighborhood disadvantage and partly explained its link to preclinical Alzheimer's scores.
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Data indicated that participants' needs fluctuated, with 3 key time points of heightened need: dementia diagnosis, in-home care, and transition into residential care.
Why it matters
This longitudinal study found that carers' needs fluctuated with three key time points of heightened need: dementia diagnosis, in-home care, and transition into residential care, with corresponding themes of psychological support/distress, social connection/social isolation, and knowledge/disempowerment. It suggests that support should be prioritized differently according to the stages of the carer journey, but does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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A total of 101 FTD patients (64 ± 8 years, 53 men), 230 AD patients (65 ± 10 years, 84 men), and 173 CTR (59 ± 15 years, 67 men) were studied.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study proposed a Cortical Asymmetry Index from MRI that differentiated Alzheimer's disease from frontotemporal dementia, distinguished FTD subtypes, and correlated with blood marker levels. The authors suggest it could help define disease subgroups for diagnosis and track progression in FTD, but it does not test any treatment or prevention.
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50/100
We found a wide range of behavioural changes across FTD.
Why it matters
This study found a wide range of behavioural changes in both behavioural variant and semantic dementia, with more severe apathy linked to impaired executive function and anterior cingulate cortex atrophy. It concerns characterising symptoms and their correlates, not treating or curing dementia.
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The rate of reversion from MCI to normal cognition was 37.0% after 2 years and 32.9% after 12 years.
Why it matters
In community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment, the rate of reversion to normal cognition was 37.0% after 2 years and 32.9% after 12 years, while progression to dementia was 18.0% after 2 years and 30.2% after 12 years. Nomograms based on factors such as grip strength, depression, social meetings, age, and regular exercise were built to present risk information, with modest accuracy.
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Delirium is a common and serious clinical condition that is associated with several adverse, and sometimes permanent outcomes.
Why it matters
This commentary states that hypoactive delirium is common, often missed, and linked to worse outcomes including death in hospital patients. It calls for families and nurses to work together to recognise and care for it, but reports no treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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Higher BAG (pDeepBrainNet = 0.0002; pBrainAgeR = 0.00117) and lower hippocampal volume (p = 0.0015) and cortical thickness (p < 0.0001) were associated with worse clinical status (higher CDR).
Why it matters
This study found that lower cortical thickness, lower hippocampal volume, and higher brain age gap were all associated with worse clinical status in a diverse group of older adults. The results suggest cortical thickness may be a more sensitive and generalizable marker of neurodegeneration than hippocampal volume or brain age gap in ethnically and racially diverse groups.
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All Hispanic/Latino immigrant adults, regardless of age at migration, have a cognitive health disadvantage (at each visit and over time) relative to U.S./mainland-born Hispanic/Latino individuals.
Why it matters
This study found that Hispanic/Latino immigrant adults had a cognitive health disadvantage compared with U.S./mainland-born Hispanic/Latino individuals, but the differences did not endure after including covariates and were explained mainly by socioeconomic and acculturative factors. The authors suggest examining whether disrupting socioeconomic and acculturation inequalities could close these gaps, but no treatment, cure, or prevention was tested.
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The family caregivers of PwD exhibited a fair QoL, with a score of 29.01 ± 4.059.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study in rural China found that caregiver burden was negatively correlated with social support and quality of life, and that social support mediated the relationship between caregiver burden and quality of life. The findings concern caregiver support and do not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Among 360,014 individuals with psoriasis and 1,799,617 without, psoriasis was associated with a small increased risk of all-cause dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.08; absolute rate difference 24 per 100,000 person-years).
Why it matters
People with psoriasis had a small increased risk of all-cause and vascular dementia, with larger risks in severe psoriasis and longer time since diagnosis, but absolute risk differences were small. This kind of study cannot show that psoriasis causes dementia and tests no treatment or prevention.
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Education, smoking, diabetes, depression, physical activity and social isolation were associated with a 1.13-1.55 times increased risk of dementia.
Why it matters
This study found that education, smoking, diabetes, depression, physical activity and social isolation were linked to a 1.13-1.55 times higher risk of dementia, while no link was found for hypertension, alcohol, or air pollution. Differences between ethnic groups were suggested but not confirmed, so prevention strategies may need to be tailored to different populations.
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Typical normative models appear appropriate for remote self‐administered measures and are sensitive to cognitive impairment.
Why it matters
This study developed normative data for remote self-administered cognitive tests through Mayo Test Drive for adults ages 33 to 100. The base model adjusted for age, age2, sex and education, and no additional terms including device type or area deprivation index met the cutoff for inclusion.
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We found that both state of birth and state of residence account for a modest portion of ADRD mortality variation.
Why it matters
This study found that state of residence explained 1.19% of the variation in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia mortality, while state of birth explained only 0.6%, and together they accounted for just 1.05%. The authors suggest factors in later life may offer more impactful intervention points, but the amounts of variation explained are modest, so this does not identify a treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Dementia is a clinical diagnosis without curative treatment.
Why it matters
This study found that time to poor outcome was similar for those who underwent CT/MRI, EEG, or CSF testing compared with those who did not, was longer for those who underwent neuropsychological examination, and was shorter for those who underwent PET/SPECT. It concerns diagnostic testing and outcomes, not treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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SNF discharges decreased while home and HHA discharges increased during the pandemic.
Why it matters
During the COVID-19 pandemic, discharges to skilled nursing facilities fell while discharges home and to home health agencies rose for older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, with larger shifts among racial and ethnic minoritized groups and dual-eligible beneficiaries. This describes changes in where people received post-acute care, not any treatment, cure, or prevention of dementia.
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This cohort study examines rates of new diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and related dementias among beneficiaries of Medicare Advantage plans vs traditional Medicare from 2016 through 2020.
Why it matters
This cohort study examines rates of new diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and related dementias among beneficiaries of Medicare Advantage plans versus traditional Medicare from 2016 through 2020. No findings beyond this description are provided in the text.
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Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and diabetes were overrepresented in AA participants, but were not associated with cognitive impairment.
Why it matters
This study found that depression was linked to cognitive impairment in African American and non-Hispanic White participants, and uniquely linked to faster cognitive decline in African American participants, who also reported less antidepressant use. It suggests that better depression screening and treatment may improve cognitive outcomes, but it does not test a dementia cure or prevention.
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Studies suggest that reminiscence strategies combined with an intergenerational approach may yield significant social and mental health benefits for participants.
Why it matters
This is a protocol for a trial of reminiscence and digital storytelling for social and emotional well-being in older adults with dementia, which was changed to a telephone-based format because of COVID-19. Preliminary results are described as promising, but data cleaning and analysis were still ongoing.
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Multiple factors affect cognitive health, such as age-related changes in the brain, injuries, mood disorders, substance abuse, and diseases.
Why it matters
This review of earlier research reports that Mediterranean, Nordic, DASH and MIND diets are "linked to a lower risk of cognitive decline and dementia." It argues that because heart and metabolic risks such as obesity, high blood pressure, smoking and inactivity build up in middle age, prevention should start "in their 40s and 50s," and that dementia "could be added to present non-communicable disease management programs" alongside heart disease and diabetes. These are associations and proposals drawn from other studies, not new data and not proof that any diet prevents dementia.
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Hypertension affects a significant proportion of the adult and aging population and represents an important risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment and late-life dementia.
Why it matters
This review states that hypertension is an important risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment and late-life dementia, and that it may contribute to amyloid deposition and Alzheimer pathology. It notes that whether adequate blood pressure treatment prevents cognitive decline remains an open question, and that mechanisms are still being investigated in animal models.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Digital biomarker-based individualized prognosis for people at risk of dementia
- Olfaction and risk of dementia in a biracial cohort of older adults
- Equitable formal care access: examining processes for Hispanic/Latino family dementia caregivers’ decision-making
- Health status and risk profiles for brain aging of rural-dwelling older adults: Data from the interdisciplinary baseline assessments in MIND-China
- Association between falls and dementia risk: Evidence from three cohort studies
- The cognitive impact of anticholinergics: a clinical review
- Effect of combined transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive training on brain microstructure and network homogeneity in late-life depression: a pilot study
- Identifying delirium in older adults presenting to a primary care out-of-hours (OOH) service: a retrospective cohort study
- Prevalence of Unrecognized Cognitive Impairment in Federally Qualified Health Centers
- Telemedicine and the rural dementia population: A systematic review