Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The study included 685 patients who underwent MDS-cognitive and 3,630 patients assessed using OASIS.
Why it matters
This study found that large language models could predict cognitive function for dementia patients from electronic health records, with larger models performing better, though accuracy was limited and reasoning strategies did not consistently improve it. The authors call for further optimisation to reduce hallucinations; it concerns assessment, not treatment or cure.
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When risk factors were evaluated independently, we found less early-life education, mid-life hearing loss and diabetes, and late-life social isolation and visual loss associated with increased odds for dementia.
Why it matters
When replicating the 2024 Lancet Commission model in one cohort, only hearing loss, diabetes and hypertension remained significantly associated with dementia, and mid-life hypertension was linked to reduced risk, contrary to model predictions. Null effects were observed for many other risk factors, raising concern about publication bias in meta-analyses.
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50/100
We identified 17 711 patients with PD or LBD.
Why it matters
In 17,711 patients with Parkinson's disease or Lewy body dementia, rates of new depression were higher than in comparator groups from 7 to 8 years before diagnosis to 5 years after. This suggests depression can be an early manifestation, meaning late-life depression might raise awareness of these diseases, but it does not test treatment, cure or prevention.
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A total of 24,043 patients were included, with 2,662 (11.07%) in the ND group.
Why it matters
This retrospective cohort study found that nicotine-dependent patients had a significantly higher incidence of intensive care unit delirium than non-dependent patients, with no significant differences in mortality or length of stay. It identifies a risk factor for delirium and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Participants showed a significantly slower rate of cognitive decline than expected from the AD reference rate (p < 0.001), with many demonstrating stabilized ADAS-Cog scores during their respective treatment periods, ranging from 1 to 3 years.
Why it matters
In this study, people with dementia who received repeated non-invasive treatments over one to three years declined more slowly than expected, and longer gaps without treatment were linked to greater decline afterward. The study reports no significant effect of Alzheimer's medications, antidepressants, antihypertensives or cholesterol-lowering agents on cognitive outcomes.
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After PSM, 7914 participants were analyzed (3957 consumers; 3957 non-consumers).
Why it matters
This cohort study found that habitual cheese consumption was modestly associated with a reduced 3-year incidence of dementia in older Japanese adults, with a small absolute risk reduction. Further research is warranted to clarify dose–response relationships, cheese subtypes, and underlying mechanisms.
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50/100
Providing a dementia diagnosis is challenging, especially in primary care and considering diverse patient backgrounds.
Why it matters
These guidelines offer recommendations for disclosing a dementia diagnosis in primary care, with attention to culturally diverse patient backgrounds. They cover holistic engagement, fostering hope, communication techniques, and emotional supports, and were developed with input from patients, care partners, and clinicians including Black and Chinese Canadians.
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Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) was proposed in 2014 as a neuropathological term to describe patients with Alzheimer's-type medial temporal lobe neurofibrillary degeneration in the absence of significant β-amyloid pathology.
Why it matters
This review revisits a 2014 term for Alzheimer's-type tau tangles that occur without significant amyloid, and it proposes revisions to the original criteria. It states that key questions remain about whether this is a distinct disease or a universal feature of brain aging, so no treatment or prevention is established.
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In adjusted analyses, the rate of first ACP conversation for persons with organ failure was the lowest (IRR 0.70 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.73)).
Why it matters
This longitudinal study found that people with cancer had the highest rate of first advance care planning conversations, while those with organ failure had the lowest, and that a comorbid dementia diagnosis decreased the probability of advance care planning for those with organ failure or cancer. It suggests general practitioners should prioritise offering advance care planning to people with organ failure or dementia and their family caregivers.
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This validated nomogram incorporating clinical, biochemical, and neuroimaging biomarkers provides a robust tool for individualized PSCIND risk assessment in first-ever MIS patients, with potential to guide targeted interventions and cognitive monitoring.
Why it matters
In 242 patients with first-ever mild ischemic stroke, eight predictors including age, education, type 2 diabetes, and severe cerebral small vessel disease burden were used to build a nomogram for predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment no dementia. This is a prediction tool for risk after stroke, not a treatment or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that dopaminergic transmission is impaired in FTD.
Why it matters
The drug rotigotine did not show a significant effect on the secondary outcome measures in people with frontotemporal dementia. This means it did not demonstrate benefit for those measures in this trial.
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Multimorbidity-the co-occurrence of two or more chronic health conditions-affects > 86% of people with dementia.
Why it matters
This review reports that multimorbidity affects more than 86% of people with dementia and is tied to faster cognitive and functional decline, lower quality of life, more health-care use, and higher mortality. It calls for long-term prospective studies to clarify the relationship, so it offers no treatment, cure, or prevention at this stage.
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The prevalence of caregiver burden was 28.9%.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study in rural eastern Uganda found a caregiver burden prevalence of 28.9%, with higher dementia knowledge, lower income, caregiver depression, and age associated with increased burden, suggesting dementia knowledge may not reduce caregiver burden. The findings concern caregiver mental health support and do not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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The analysis included 121 521 participants (mean age: 55.7 years; 53.5% women), followed for a median of 10.9 years.
Why it matters
In this UK Biobank cohort, higher adherence to the Mediterranean, MIND and RFS dietary patterns was linked to lower dementia risk, while no link was found for the HDI. The authors highlight the potential of healthy dietary patterns for brain health, but the study is observational and does not prove that these diets prevent dementia.
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This protocol will outline the scoping review of current literature on caregiver-involved reminiscence for persons with dementia.
Why it matters
This is only a protocol outlining a planned scoping review of caregiver-involved reminiscence for people with dementia. No results on treating, curing or preventing dementia are reported.
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In this cohort, 28 participants developed Alzheimer's dementia, 5 frontotemporal dementia, 2 Lewy body dementia, and 2 vascular dementia during the follow-up.
Why it matters
In a small cohort of people with mild cognitive impairment, cerebrospinal fluid iron measures showed non-linear and statistically imprecise associations with dementia risk. The authors describe the evidence as novel but note the estimates were statistically unstable, so no treatment or prevention conclusion can be drawn.
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50/100
The characteristics of the cohort revealed significant groupwise differences in age, education, sex, and cognitive diagnosis.
Why it matters
This cohort study found higher rates of cognitive impairment, hypertension, and diabetes among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic participants compared to non-Hispanic White participants, despite the White group being older. Amyloid PET positivity was higher among non-Hispanic White participants, and groups also differed in social determinants of health.
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50/100
Our findings indicate that using location-based trajectory metrics with clinical measures significantly improves the predictability of motor agitation beyond individual baselines.
Why it matters
A machine learning model using real-time location data classified motor agitation in people with dementia with an area under the curve of 0.81, and location-based features were the most important for correct classification. This is a monitoring tool for agitation, not a treatment, cure, or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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50/100
In PD‐SCD, baseline CSF Aβ42 is associated with cognitive progression.
Why it matters
In 80 patients with Parkinson's disease and subjective cognitive decline, this cohort study found that those with low CSF Aβ42 or biological Alzheimer's disease showed greater cognitive decline over time. The findings suggest CSF biomarkers can help identify Parkinson's patients at higher risk of cognitive deterioration, but the study does not test any treatment.
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50/100
The optimized XGBoost model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.85.
Why it matters
This study developed an XGBoost machine learning model that predicted postoperative delirium in older surgical patients with an AUC of 0.85 and high accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score. The authors say physicians may use it to identify high-risk patients and promptly execute interventions, but it concerns delirium prediction, not treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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This cross-sectional study examines lecanemeb update among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with Alzheimer disease or mild cognitive impairment and evaluates whether there are disparities among potentially eligible patients.
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study looked at how many US Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer disease or mild cognitive impairment received lecanemab and whether some groups were less likely to get it. It reports on uptake patterns only, not on whether the drug helped those patients.
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In preclinical studies, partial or complete sleep deprivation produced inflammation, oxidative stress, as well as increased tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid-β burden.
Why it matters
This perspective summarizes evidence that sleep duration is a modifiable risk factor for dementia, with long sleep possibly being an early sign of neurodegeneration. It suggests self-reported sleep duration could be an easy detection tool, but does not show that changing sleep prevents dementia.
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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants.
Why it matters
This report reviews the limited and inconsistent data on PFAS exposure and cognitive impairment and describes a planned longitudinal study to examine the relationship. It presents a hypothesis that PFAS may increase dementia risk through hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, but no results on treating, curing or preventing dementia are reported.
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A total of 6321 participants (mean [SE] age, 56.1 [0.18] years at visit 1; n = 4077 women [57.8%]) were included.
Why it matters
In this cohort study of 6321 Hispanic or Latino adults, high adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with better cognitive performance at baseline and less pronounced 7-year decline in learning and memory, but not in word fluency, DSST score, or global cognition. The authors suggest a culturally tailored Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease in this population, though this is an association, not proof of prevention.
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Most studies suggest depression may contribute to neurodegeneration, but clinical, neuroimaging, and longitudinal evidence also support its role as a prodrome or consequence, indicating a bidirectional relationship.
Why it matters
This scoping review found that most studies suggest depression may contribute to neurodegeneration, but clinical, neuroimaging, and longitudinal evidence also support its role as a prodrome or consequence, indicating a bidirectional relationship. The authors say the connection remains unclear and call for further longitudinal research examining causality.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Dementia prevalence and care in assisted living
- The America I Know Could Use a Good Cry: Impact of State and Civilian‐Perpetrated Racial Violence on Cognitive Health
- Eye-tracking-based tablet application for enhanced cognitive assessment: a clinical trial for software as a medical device (SaMD)
- Withdrawal of Life-supporting Treatment in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
- The Effectiveness of Advance Care Planning in Improving End-of-Life Outcomes for People With Dementia and Their Carers: A Systematic Review and Critical Discussion
- HEALTH SYSTEM ADOPTION OF COMMUNITY-BASED EXERCISE FOR OLDER ADULTS TO ADDRESS LONELINESS AND SOCIAL ISOLATION
- Slower gait, slower information processing and smaller prefrontal area in older adults
- The natural history of the syndrome of primary progressive freezing gait
- Reliability and Validity of Self‐Reported Risk Factors for Stroke and Dementia
- Multi-trait Polygenic Profiling and Survival Free of Dementia and Disability: Results from the Health and Retirement Study