Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the literature concerning place of death of people with dementia and the preferences for location of death of people with dementia as well as family carers and healthcare providers preferred location of death for patients with dementia.
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Two longitudinal studies with different populations demonstrated that loneliness was a risk factor for the development of the pain, depression, and fatigue symptom cluster over time.
Why it matters
In two longitudinal samples, including older adults caring for a spouse with dementia, lonelier participants had more concurrent pain, depression, and fatigue and larger increases over time than less lonely participants. It identifies loneliness as a risk factor for a symptom cluster but does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Six inclusion criteria were identified for symptomatic therapy and neuroprotective trials: (1) diagnosis of RBD needs to satisfy the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, second edition, (ICSD-2) criteria; (2) minimum frequency of RBD episodes should preferably be ⩾2 times weekly to allow for assessment of change; (3) if the PD-RBD target population is included, it should be in the early stages of PD defined as Hoehn and Yahr stages 1-3 in Off (untreated); (4) iRBD patients with soft neurologic dysfunction and with operational criteria established by the consensus of study investigators; (5) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); and (6) optimally treated comorbid OSA.
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64/100
Significantly more patients with MCI than without MCI at baseline (10 of 37 [27.0%] vs 1 of 145 [0.7%]; relative risk, 39.2 [95% CI, 5.2-296.5]; P Conclusions and relevance Mild cognitive impairment at PD diagnosis predicts a highly increased risk for early dementia.
Why it matters
In people newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, having mild cognitive impairment at diagnosis predicted a much higher risk of developing dementia within three years. This finding helps prognosis but does not provide a way to prevent or cure dementia.
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Adequate vitamin D supplementation and sensible sunlight exposure to reach optimal vitamin D status are among the front line factors of prophylaxis for the spectrum of disorders.
Why it matters
This review states that adequate vitamin D status seems protective against several conditions including neurocognitive dysfunction. It is a broad review and does not report a specific tested treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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There were 66 reverters to normal cognition and 157 non-reverters (stable MCI).
Why it matters
In this population-based study, reversion from mild cognitive impairment to normal cognition was less likely with multiple-domain MCI, a moderately or severely impaired cognitive domain, an informant-based memory complaint, and arthritis, and more likely with higher complex mental activity and greater openness to experience. It identifies factors associated with reversion but does not test a treatment to cause it.
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Many older people's crisis teams tend to focus on prevention and reducing psychiatric admissions.
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64/100
Cognitive decline and dementia are frequent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Human-computer interaction-based comprehensive training may improve cognitive functions among cognitively impaired elderly individuals.
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There are a substantial number of people with dementia worldwide and these numbers will continue to increase mainly in LMIC, producing a wide range of impacts.
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SSD in older people may be a frequent and clinically important condition that falls on a continuum between no symptoms and full delirium.
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Of the participants, 342 (81.6%) had normal cognitive functioning, 58 (13.8%) had nonamnestic MCI, and 19 (4.5%) had amnestic MCI.
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64/100
Recent studies suggest that delirium is associated with risk of dementia and also acceleration of decline in existing dementia.
Why it matters
In a population-based study of the oldest-old, people who had had delirium lost about 1 more point per year on the Mini-Mental State Examination than those who had not (95% CI 0.11–1.89), and had higher odds of worsening dementia severity (OR 3.1) and declining everyday function (OR 2.8). The authors describe delirium as "a strong risk factor for incident dementia," but this is an observed association, not proof that delirium causes dementia. Unexpectedly, in people with a history of delirium, dementia was not clearly linked to the usual Alzheimer's-type brain changes such as Braak stage, which suggests delirium may contribute to decline by a different route.
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We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of neural predictors of response to the most commonly used, evidence based treatments in clinical practice, namely pharmacological and psychological therapies.
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Prevalence of swallowing difficulties in patients with dementia ranged from 13 to 57%.
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Measurements and main results Criterion validity and overall accuracy of the Czech version of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) were determined using serial daily delirium assessments with CAM-ICU by a junior physician compared with delirium diagnosis by delirium experts using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria that began the first day after stroke onset and continued for at least 7 days.
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A systematic review of the literature was conducted to examine the relationship between ethnic minority status and provision of end-of-life care for people with dementia.
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Our aim was to review systematically the effectiveness of ACP interventions in people with cognitive impairment and dementia.
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This study demonstrates that patients with dementia who suffer a hip fracture can benefit from multidisciplinary geriatric assessment and rehabilitation and should not be excluded from rehabilitation programs.
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The ability to learn language is a human trait.
Why it matters
This study looked at brain activity in 2-day-old infants and found that language-related brain regions respond to speech at birth, but the connections within each hemisphere are still immature. It does not test any treatment or prevention for Alzheimer's disease, so it has no direct implications for treating, curing, or preventing the disease.
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Decreases in depression scores at 13 weeks did not differ between 111 controls and 107 participants allocated to receive sertraline (mean difference 1·17, 95% CI -0·23 to 2·58; p=0·10) or mirtazapine (0·01, -1·37 to 1·38; p=0·99), or between participants in the mirtazapine and sertraline groups (1·16, -0·25 to 2·57; p=0·11); these findings persisted to 39 weeks.
Why it matters
In this randomised trial, neither sertraline nor mirtazapine reduced depression in people with Alzheimer's disease more than placebo. The authors concluded there was no benefit compared with placebo for treating depression in this group.
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Individuals with Down syndrome over age 40 years are at risk for developing dementia of the Alzheimer type and have evidence for chronic oxidative stress.
Why it matters
In this 2-year trial of 53 people with Down syndrome and dementia, antioxidant supplementation was safe but showed no improvement in cognitive functioning and no stabilization of cognitive decline compared with placebo. The authors conclude it is ineffective as a treatment for dementia in this group.
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64/100
Several magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported hippocampal volume reduction in patients with schizophrenia, but other studies have reported contrasting results.
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Dementia due to Alzheimer disease is preceded by about 5 to 6 years of accelerated decline in multiple cognitive functions.
Why it matters
In older adults followed with yearly cognitive testing for up to 16 years, the 462 people who developed Alzheimer's disease showed global cognitive decline that sped up more than 15-fold about 5 to 6 years before diagnosis, starting slightly earlier for semantic and working memory (about 75–76 months before). Decline before mild cognitive impairment began earlier and ran faster in the memory-led (amnestic) type than in the non-memory type (80 vs 62 months before diagnosis). The study describes the timing of decline at the group level. It does not predict individual outcomes, and it tested no treatment or prevention.
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This article provides a classification of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and its 3 main variants to improve the uniformity of case reporting and the reliability of research results.
Why it matters
This article provides a classification of primary progressive aphasia and its three main variants—nonfluent/agrammatic, semantic, and logopenic—to improve uniformity of case reporting and reliability of research results. The recommendations were widely agreed upon by a large group of experts and should be used to ensure consistency of classification in future studies.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Psychometric properties, pragmatic screening cut‐offs, and feasibility of two Clock Drawing Test formats in older psychiatric outpatients: Associations with MMSE and HDS‐R
- Cognitive impairment in the U.S.: Lifetime risk, age at onset, and years impaired
- Modified Cued Recall Test: Longitudinal Analysis of Test Versions and Item Recall in Adults With Down Syndrome
- Com-mens: a home-based logopaedic intervention program for communication problems between people with dementia and their caregivers - a single-group mixed-methods pilot study
- What’s Happening at Home
- Impaired cognitive function and compliance with antihypertensive drugs in elderly: the Rotterdam Study
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuropsychiatric Complications
- Random-Effects Models for Longitudinal Data
- Association of Ideal Cardiovascular Health With Vascular Brain Injury and Incident Dementia
- Barriers to Accessing Care and Support Services for Older Immigrants and Immigrants with Dementia in Finland: Perspectives of Professional Social and Health Care Providers