Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Reduced hippocampal volume has been reported in depression and may be involved in the aetiology of depressive symptoms and vulnerability to depressive relapse.
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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dementia and its major subtypes in China.
Why it matters
This meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of dementia and its major subtypes in China, finding total dementia prevalence of 3.0% in those aged 60 and older. It summarizes prevalence data only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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A significant association between childhood SES and hippocampal volumes in late life is consistent with the established neurodevelopmental findings that early life conditions have an effect on structural brain development.
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The hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypoxic brain injury, obstructive sleep apnoea, bipolar disorder, clinical depression and head trauma.
Why it matters
This review discusses factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and depression that are linked to smaller hippocampi and greater cognitive decline, and notes that observational studies and preliminary clinical trials suggest exercise, cognitive stimulation, and treatment of medical conditions may reverse or prevent hippocampal atrophy. The proposed 'dynamic polygon hypothesis' is an emerging concept, and the evidence comes from observational studies and preliminary trials rather than proven prevention.
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All original research articles published in 2008 and 2009 in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (n = 434) were reviewed using a structured data collection tool.
Why it matters
This review found that people with cognitive impairment are frequently excluded from geriatrics research. It is about research practices and inclusion, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Dementia is a leading cause of death in the United States.
Why it matters
This article reviews current understanding of advanced dementia and sets out research priorities for the next decade, including better symptom treatment and more access to hospice and palliative care. It focuses on improving care for people who already have advanced dementia rather than on treating, curing, or preventing the disease.
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Hypertension prevalence was higher in urban (range 52.6-79.8%) than rural sites (range 42.6-56.9%), and lower in men than women [pooled prevalence ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85-0.93].
Why it matters
This survey found that uncontrolled hypertension is common among older people in developing countries and is a major determinant of population systolic blood pressure level. It reports no findings on whether treating hypertension affects Alzheimer's disease.
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Among the elderly, prestroke dementia is a powerful independent predictor of in-hospital mortality after acute reperfusion therapy for stroke.
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Delirium is an acute confusional state that is very prevalent in older patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).
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50/100
Clinical findings in Parkinson's disease suggest that most patients progressively develop disabling non-levodopa-responsive symptoms during the course of the disease.
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At 3-year follow-up, 85 participants had developed dementia.
Why it matters
This community cohort study in Nigeria found that the incidence of dementia was higher than previously reported and that indices of social isolation were risk factors. It identifies risk factors only and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Although diagnosed by characteristic motor features, Parkinson's disease may be preceded, and is frequently accompanied by, a wide range of cognitive and neuropsychiatric features.
Why it matters
This review describes cognitive and neuropsychiatric features that commonly accompany Parkinson's disease, including dementia, depression, and psychosis. It notes that available drugs help manage these symptoms but responses are often suboptimal, and this remains an area of unmet therapeutic need.
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Patients with behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) present with insidious changes in personality and interpersonal conduct that indicate progressive disintegration of the neural circuits involved in social cognition, emotion regulation, motivation, and decision making.
Why it matters
This review describes how behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia is diagnosed and staged, noting that current therapies are aimed at symptom relief. It does not report a treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Patients had undetectable HIV-1 RNA concentrations for a median time of 48 months (range 3.2-136.6).
Why it matters
In this group of HIV-positive patients with long-suppressed virus, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders were common, though most cases had no impact on daily life. This concerns cognitive problems in HIV, not Alzheimer's disease treatment, cure, or prevention.
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50/100
Of enrollees, 15.9% entered the gap, 2.6% within the first 180 days; among gap enterers, only 6.7% exited again.
Why it matters
This study examines which Medicare Part D enrollees entered the coverage gap, where they pay more for their drugs, and found that people with dementia had a high gap entry rate. It does not test any treatment for Alzheimer's disease, but notes that dementia patients' drug costs before the gap were largely for anti-dementia and antipsychotic medications.
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The extensive in-person assessment classified 83 persons with normal cognition, 42 persons with MCI, and 42 persons with dementia.
Why it matters
The telephone interview performed well for a broad yes-or-no classification of cognitive status but only fairly in separating mild cognitive impairment from normal cognition or dementia. It should not be used alone to identify mild cognitive impairment and should be used with caution to detect dementia.
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The application of medical technology to prolong life at the expense of quality of life is widely debated in end-of-life care.
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Reliability of quantitative gait assessment while dual-tasking (walking while doing a secondary task such as talking) in people with cognitive impairment is unknown.
Why it matters
This reliability study tested quantitative gait assessment while dual-tasking in 11 older people with mild cognitive impairment using an electronic walkway. It is about the reliability of a measurement method and does not test any treatment, so it says nothing about curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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This paper is based on a presentation made during the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center's Symposium on Mild Cognitive Impairment on April 19, 2008.
Why it matters
In the ACTIVE study, cognitive training improved mental abilities and daily functioning in older adults at 5 years. A subgroup analysis found that people with mild cognitive impairment did not benefit from memory training but did benefit from reasoning and speed-of-processing training.
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Cognitive dysfunction is common in untreated patients in early PD, affecting attention, psychomotor function, episodic memory, executive function and category fluency.
Why it matters
This population-based study found that 30% of newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease patients had deficits in at least one cognitive domain, while 70% performed normally. It is about cognitive function in early Parkinson's disease, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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By 12 months after discharge, of those discharged with new or additional ADL disability, 41.3% died, 28.6% were alive but had not recovered to baseline function, and 30.1% were at baseline function.
Why it matters
Older adults who left the hospital with new difficulty in basic self-care activities often did not regain their previous function a year later. This concerns recovery after hospitalization, not the treatment, cure or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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Surrogates were accurate in the majority of cases, made errors in 12% to 22% of cases, and were uncertain in 11% to 16% of cases.
Why it matters
This study examined how accurately spouses predicted what their partners would want for end-of-life health care, finding they were accurate most of the time but made errors in 12% to 22% of cases. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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The COACH system shows promise as a tool to help support older adults with moderate-levels of dementia and their caregivers.
Why it matters
In six older adults with moderate-to-severe dementia, the COACH prompting system helped participants complete an average of 11% more handwashing steps independently and required 60% fewer human caregiver interactions. This small study addresses assistance with daily activities, not treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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These results confirm previous correlational research on caregiver burden.
Why it matters
In 74 patients with dementia and their main caregivers in England, a multiple regression analysis examined which factors predicted caregiver burden. The study is cross-sectional, so it can show associations but not cause and effect, and it does not test any treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Impaired everyday function is a diagnostic criterion for dementia, and a determinant of healthcare utilization and caregiver burden.
Why it matters
In 100 older adults followed for about five years, declines in memory and executive functioning were each independently linked to declines in everyday functioning. This describes how cognitive change relates to daily life over time and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the mini-mental state examination as screening instruments for cognitive impairment: item analyses and threshold scores
- Moving elderly inpatients to a transitional care facility reduced hospital stay but increased time to transfer to long term care
- Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Lifestyle Modifications
- Comorbidity Trajectories Before and After the Diagnosis of Heart Failure: A UK Biobank Cohort Study
- Statins and the risk of dementia
- Engaging Health and Aged Care Workers in Rural and Remote Australia Around Factors Impacting Their Access to and Participation in Dementia Training
- General practitioners’ practices and training needs in dementia care: a comparison of urban and rural areas in Kazakhstan
- NIA perspective on harmonizing International Health and Retirement Studies (HRS) and Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) studies
- Updates on Mediterranean diet and health status: active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms
- Association of Type 2 Diabetes, According to the Number of Risk Factors Within Target Range, With Structural Brain Abnormalities, Cognitive Performance, and Risk of Dementia