Newest studies

Thyroid hormones, dementia, and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe

58/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

Key finding: In our study, TSH was related neither to risk of AD nor with early MRI markers thereof, arguing against an important role of thyroid function in the development of AD. +3 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Soluble oligomers of amyloid-beta peptide induce neuronal apoptosis by activating a cPLA2-dependent sphingomyelinase-ceramide pathway

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Drug development Neurobiology of disease

Key finding: Recent data have revealed that soluble oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) may be the proximate effectors of neuronal injuries and death in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by unknown mechanisms. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Memantine for dementia

72/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

Key finding: Patients taking memantine were slightly less likely to develop agitation (134/1739, 7.7% versus 175/1873, 9.3% OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.99, P = 0.04).

• Treatments

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ADAM10 activation is required for green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced alpha-secretase cleavage of amyloid precursor protein

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE The Journal of biological chemistry

Key finding: EGCG seems to accomplish this by modulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, resulting in enhanced cleavage of the alpha-COOH-terminal fragment (alpha-CTF) of APP and corresponding elevation of the NH(2)-terminal APP product, soluble APP-alpha (sAPP-alpha). +3 more findings

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Mediterranean diet and risk for Alzheimer's disease

56/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Annals of Neurology

We conclude that higher adherence to the MeDi is associated with a reduction in risk for AD.

• Lifestyle
• Risk Factors

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The effect of acetyl-L-carnitine administration on persons with Down syndrome

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Research in developmental disabilities

Key finding: Since previous investigations reported improvements in cognition of patients with dementia after acetyl-L-carnitine therapy and since there is an increased risk for persons with Down syndrome to develop Alzheimer disease, this study was designed to investigate the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine administration on neurological, intellectual, and social functions in adults with Down syndrome. +1 more finding

• Down Syndrome

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Clinicopathological and imaging correlates of progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech

55/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: VBM revealed the premotor and supplemental motor cortices to be the main cortical regions associated with AOS, while the anterior peri-sylvian region was associated with non-fluent aphasia.

• Brain Scans

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Promoter mutations that increase amyloid precursor-protein expression are associated with Alzheimer disease

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's American journal of human genetics

Key finding: The present study provides evidence that APP-promoter mutations that significantly increase APP expression levels are associated with AD.

• Genetics
• Brain Biology

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Apolipoprotein E-specific innate immune response in astrocytes from targeted replacement mice

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Journal of neuroinflammation

Key finding: Here we showed that activation of primary astrocytes from TR APOE mice with LPS led to TR APOE-dependent differences in cytokine secretion that were greatest in TR APOE2 and that were associated with differences in NF-kappaB subunit activity. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Genetics

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Measuring change in activities of daily living in nursing home residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment

66/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Health systems and care delivery BMC geriatrics

Key finding: The MDS-ADL Long Form scale detected clinically meaningful change in physical function in a large cohort of long-stay nursing home residents with moderate to severe dementia, supporting its use as a research tool in future studies.

• Care Services

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Practice Parameter: evaluation and treatment of depression, psychosis, and dementia in Parkinson disease (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Neurology

Key finding: Screening tools are available for depression and dementia in patients with PD, but more specific validated tools are needed.

• Treatments
• Other Dementias

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Donepezil in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease: double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study

72/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Lancet (London, England)

Key finding: 95 patients assigned donepezil and 99 patients assigned placebo completed the study.

• Treatments
• Clinical Trials

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Hippocampal and amygdalar volumes in dissociative identity disorder

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans The American journal of psychiatry

Key finding: The findings are consistent with the presence of smaller hippocampal and amygdalar volumes in patients with dissociative identity disorder, compared with healthy subjects. +3 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Predictors of falls and fractures in bradykinetic rigid syndromes: a retrospective study

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

Key finding: Measures to prevent the morbidity associated with falls and fractures in bradykinetic rigid syndromes may be best directed at patients with the risk factors identified in this study. +1 more finding

• Other Dementias

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ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Geriatrics

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

Key finding: In elderly people at risk of undernutrition ONS improve nutritional status and reduce mortality. +4 more findings

• Lifestyle

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Atypical progressive supranuclear palsy with corticospinal tract degeneration

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Key finding: The mean age at onset and illness duration was 71 and 5.7 years, respectively. +4 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Mechanisms behind the neuroprotective actions of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer disease

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: The accumulation of evidence implicating AChE in the pathogenesis of AD raises the question of whether, in addition to their palliative actions, inhibitors of this enzyme are able to act as disease-modifying agents. +3 more findings

• Treatments

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Intrathecal chemokine synthesis in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease

60/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Archives of neurology

Key finding: Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 is specifically increased in MCI and seems to decrease with the progression of AD, whereas MCP-1 and IL-8 are up-regulated also in late stages of the disease, suggesting a role in phases in which neurodegeneration is prevalent. +2 more findings

• Early Stage

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Vascular risk factors for incident Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia: the Cache County study

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

Key finding: The results indicate that vascular factors increase risks for AD and VaD differentially by sex.

• Risk Factors
• Other Dementias

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Ethnicity, stress, and cortisol function in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women: A preliminary study of family dementia caregivers and noncaregivers

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

Key finding: Caregivers had higher levels of 8 am, 5 pm, and 9 pm log cortisol as well as higher perceived stress than noncaregivers. +3 more findings

• Health Equity
• Caregiving

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Improving identification of cognitive impairment in primary care

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disparities International journal of geriatric psychiatry

Key finding: A heterogeneous community sample (n=371) of predominantly ethnic minority elderly assessed by standardized research protocol, 231 of whom met criteria for dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). +1 more finding

• Health Equity
• Care Services

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Silent cerebral ischaemia: hidden fingerprints of invasive medical procedures

42/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving The Lancet. Neurology

Key finding: Although clinical examinations suggest a relatively low risk for ischaemic complications affecting the brain, new magnetic resonance techniques have led to the awareness of much higher numbers of clinically silent ischaemic brain lesions. +4 more findings

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Potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia in identical twins

62/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Key finding: Potentially modifiable risk factors from early and midlife, with a cumulative detrimental effect on the brain, contribute to risk of dementia. +1 more finding

• Prevention
• Risk Factors

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Mild cognitive impairment

64/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Lancet (London, England)

Key finding: Prevalence in population-based epidemiological studies ranges from 3% to 19% in adults older than 65 years. +4 more findings

• Early Stage

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[Clinical efficacy and safety of akatinol memantine in treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a donepezil-controlled, randomized trial]

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Treatments Zhonghua nei ke za zhi

Key finding: As a safe and effective medicine, akatinol memantine, which has a similar effect as donepezil for AD, can remarkably improve the cognition, behavior, and mood of AD patients.

• Treatments
• Clinical Trials
• Side Effects

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