Newest studies

Epidemiology of early-onset dementia: a review of the literature

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Prevention and risk Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health

Key finding: Presenile Dementia or Early Onset Dementia (EOD) is a public health problem, it differs from Senile Dementia, and encloses a significant number of cases; nevertheless, it is still poorly understood and underdiagnosed.

• Other Dementias

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Machine learning approaches to diagnosis and laterality effects in semantic dementia discourse

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior

Key finding: We report the accuracy with which two related ML algorithms [naive Bayes Gaussian (NBG) and naive Bayes multinomial (NBM)] categorized picture descriptions produced by: 32 semantic dementia (SD) patients versus 10 healthy, age-matched controls; and SD patients with left- (n = 21) versus right-predominant (n = 11) patterns of temporal lobe atrophy. +4 more findings

• Digital Tools

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Novel white matter tract integrity metrics sensitive to Alzheimer disease progression

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

Key finding: With tract-based spatial statistics and region-of-interest analyses, increased diffusivity in the extra-axonal space (extra-axonal axial and radial diffusivities) in several white matter tracts sensitively and accurately discriminated healthy controls from those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.82-0.95), while widespread decreased axonal water fraction discriminated amnestic mild cognitive impairment from Alzheimer disease (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.84). +1 more finding

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Functional neuroanatomy of the central noradrenergic system

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)

Key finding: In the sleep/arousal network the LC promotes wakefulness, via excitatory projections to the cerebral cortex and other wakefulness-promoting nuclei, and inhibitory projections to sleep-promoting nuclei. +4 more findings

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Rare autosomal copy number variations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE Molecular psychiatry

Key finding: Our analysis revealed 10 novel private CNVs in 10 EO-FAD families overlapping a set of genes that includes: A2BP1, ABAT, CDH2, CRMP1, DMRT1, EPHA5, EPHA6, ERMP1, EVC, EVC2, FLJ35024 and VLDLR.

• Genetics

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Mapping subcortical brain maturation during adolescence: evidence of hemisphere- and sex-specific longitudinal changes

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Hippocampus size on brain scans Developmental science

Key finding: The results revealed heterogeneous maturation across the regions of interest (ROIs), and change was differentially moderated by sex and hemisphere. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

35/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Encyclopedia of Social Work

Key finding: The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association is referred to as DSM-5™. +3 more findings

• Diagnosis

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Ushering in the study and treatment of preclinical Alzheimer disease

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment Nature reviews. Neurology

Key finding: Researchers have begun to characterize the subtle biological and cognitive processes that precede the clinical onset of Alzheimer disease (AD), and to set the stage for accelerated evaluation of experimental treatments to delay the onset, reduce the risk of, or completely prevent clinical decline. +3 more findings

• Early Stage
• Treatments
• Prevention

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Influence of comorbidities in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus - research and clinical care. A report of the ISHCSF task force on comorbidities in INPH

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Fluids and barriers of the CNS

Key finding: The task force concluded that comorbidity can be an important predictor of prognosis and post-operative outcome in INPH. +1 more finding

• Other Dementias

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Inflammatory proteins in plasma are associated with severity of Alzheimer's disease

65/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Mild cognitive impairment PloS one

Key finding: In this study, we identify five inflammatory proteins associated with evidence of atrophy on MR imaging data particularly in whole brain, ventricular and entorhinal cortex measures. +3 more findings

• Early Stage
• Brain Scans
• Brain Biology

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Hippocampal development - old and new findings

41/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging Neuroscience

Key finding: Molecular signatures are being revealed related to field, intra-field and laminar cell identity, as well as, cell compartments expressing surface proteins instrumental for connectivity.

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Update on appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET imaging: dementia experts, mild cognitive impairment, and education

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine

Key finding: Amyloid PET imaging is a novel diagnostic test that can detect in living humans one of the two defining pathologic lesions of Alzheimer disease, amyloid-β deposition in the brain. +2 more findings

• Brain Scans
• Early Stage

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Pyroglutamate-3 amyloid-β deposition in the brains of humans, non-human primates, canines, and Alzheimer disease-like transgenic mouse models

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's The American journal of pathology

Key finding: Recent studies suggest that this isoform shows higher toxicity and amyloidogenecity when compared to full-length Aβ peptides.

• Brain Biology

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Genetic architecture of vitamin B12 and folate levels uncovered applying deeply sequenced large datasets

72/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics PLoS genetics

Key finding: We found six novel loci associating with serum B(12) (CD320, TCN2, ABCD4, MMAA, MMACHC) or folate levels (FOLR3) and confirmed seven loci for these traits (TCN1, FUT6, FUT2, CUBN, CLYBL, MUT, MTHFR). +2 more findings

• Genetics
• Lifestyle

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Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort study

69/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Vascular contributions Neurology

Key finding: In the absence of clinical stroke, people with incident atrial fibrillation are likely to reach thresholds of cognitive impairment or dementia at earlier ages than people with no history of atrial fibrillation. +1 more finding

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Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

68/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Caregiving The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

Key finding: Overall estimates of treatment effect were calculated using a fixed-effect model, and statistical heterogeneity was measured using a standard Chi(2) statistic. +4 more findings

• Lifestyle

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Complete protein characterization using top-down mass spectrometry and ultraviolet photodissociation

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Genetics Journal of the American Chemical Society

Key finding: The top-down approach to proteomics offers compelling advantages due to the potential to provide complete characterization of protein sequence and post-translational modifications. +3 more findings

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Professional fighters brain health study: rationale and methods

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment American journal of epidemiology

Key finding: The main objective of the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is to determine the relationships between measures of head trauma exposure and other potential modifiers and changes in brain imaging and neurological and behavioral function over time. +4 more findings

• Diagnosis

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Place of death, and its relation with underlying cause of death, in Parkinson's disease, motor neurone disease, and multiple sclerosis: a population-based study

52/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed End-of-life care Palliative medicine

Key finding: Underlying cause of death has a marked effect on place of death. +2 more findings

• End-of-Life Care
• Other Dementias

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VIP and PACAP: neuropeptide modulators of CNS inflammation, injury, and repair

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms British journal of pharmacology

Key finding: More recent studies have revealed that these peptides can also promote the production of both natural and inducible subsets of regulatory T-cells. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology
• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma: mechanistic similarities and differences

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Journal of glaucoma

Key finding: Visual impairment is common and appears related to disease severity, suggesting that visual testing may provide a method of screening and tracking AD changes. +2 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Unexpected Suicidality in an Older Individual in an Emergency Department

34/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Health systems and care delivery Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: On supplementary questioning, he revealed multiple recent social stressors, including the 1-year anniversary of his partner's death and an impending eviction from his home with the loss of his beloved garden. +2 more findings

• Care Services

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Differential relationships of reactive astrocytes and microglia to fibrillar amyloid deposits in Alzheimer disease

63/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Inflammation and the immune system Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Key finding: We postulate that astrocytes and microglia may differentially respond to fibrillar amyloid β. +3 more findings

• Brain Biology

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Gangliosides and gangliosidoses: principles of molecular and metabolic pathogenesis

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Key finding: Their surface patterns are generated by coordinated processes, involving biosynthetic pathways of the secretory compartments, catabolic steps of the endolysosomal system, and intracellular trafficking. +3 more findings

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C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions in clinical Alzheimer disease

56/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk genes beyond APOE JAMA neurology

Key finding: Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene underlie a significant fraction of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. +3 more findings

• Genetics

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source