Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.

Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.

  1. Melatonin and bright-light treatment for rest-activity disruption in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2007-12-07 Digital health tools

    Light treatment alone did not improve nighttime sleep, daytime wake, or rest-activity rhythm.

  2. The effects of COVID-19 on cognitive performance in a community-based cohort: a COVID symptom study biobank prospective cohort study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. EClinicalMedicine 2023-07-21 Cognitive tests and assessment

    Stratification by self-reported recovery revealed that deficits were only detectable in SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals who did not feel recovered from COVID-19, whereas individuals who reported full recovery showed no deficits.

  3. Pathways Connecting Late-Life Depression and Dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Frontiers in pharmacology 2020-03-13 Treatments

    Late-life depression is associated with significant cognitive impairment.

  4. Artificial Intelligence, Speech, and Language Processing Approaches to Monitoring Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2020-01-01 Digital health tools

    Promising results are reported across nearly all 51 studies, but very few have been implemented in clinical research or practice.

  5. Functional and/or structural brain changes in response to resistance exercises and resistance training lead to cognitive improvements - a systematic review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity 2019-07-10 Prevention trials

    During the aging process, physical capabilities (e.g., muscular strength) and cognitive functions (e.g., memory) gradually decrease.

  6. A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses that Evaluate Risk Factors for Dementia to Evaluate the Quantity, Quality, and Global Representativeness of Evidence

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2019-01-01 Drug development

    There is a lack of midlife specific data, limited data on VaD, and a lack of geographical representation for many risk factors for dementia.

  7. Sleep disturbances and dementia risk: A multicenter study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2018-07-17 Risk factors

    Midlife insomnia (fully adjusted hazard ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.50) and late-life terminal insomnia (fully adjusted odds ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval = 1.08-3.49) were associated with a higher dementia risk.

  8. Association of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness With Longitudinal β-Amyloid Accumulation in Elderly Persons Without Dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. JAMA neurology 2018-06-01 Prevention trials

    Baseline EDS was associated with increased longitudinal Aβ accumulation in elderly persons without dementia, suggesting that those with EDS may be more vulnerable to pathologic changes associated with Alzheimer disease.

  9. Physical Activity, Brain Volume, and Dementia Risk: The Framingham Study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2017-06-01 Prevention trials

    Low physical activity is associated with a higher risk for dementia in older individuals, suggesting that a reduced risk of dementia and higher brain volumes may be additional health benefits of maintaining physical activity into old age.

  10. Impact of Physical Activity on Cognitive Decline, Dementia, and Its Subtypes: Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. BioMed research international 2017-02-07 Prevention trials

    The association of physical activity with dementia and its subtypes has remained controversial in the literature and has continued to be a subject of debate among researchers.

  11. Poor Gait Performance and Prediction of Dementia: Results From a Meta-Analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2016-02-04 Digital health tools

    This meta-analysis provides evidence that poor gait performance predicts dementia.

  12. Life-Course Burden of Blood Pressure Is Associated With Midlife Cognitive Function

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2025-10-08 Risk factors

    Trajectories of systolic BP were separated markedly around 25 to 45 years of age, with the group below the median of cognition score having higher levels of systolic BP than the group above the median.

  13. Associations between physical activity types and multi-domain cognitive decline in older adults from the Three-city cohort

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. PloS one 2021-06-01 Prevention trials

    Several studies suggest that physical activity improves cognitive functions and reduces cognitive decline, whereas others did not find any evidence of a neuroprotective effect.

  14. Computerised cognitive training in Parkinson's disease: a protocol for a systematic review and updated meta-analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. BMJ open 2020-11-24 Cognitive tests and assessment

    Cognitive impairment is recognised as an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) and there is a need for evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions that may prevent or slow cognitive decline in this patient group.

  15. Does bilingualism protect against dementia? A meta-analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. Psychonomic bulletin & review 2020-10 Risk factors

    Evidence suggests that bilingualism may contribute to neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve, allowing individuals to resist cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease progression, although the idea remains controversial.

  16. Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 2020-08-13 Risk factors

    This study replicated research showing that education was positively associated with cognition at baseline.

  17. BHA-CS: A novel cognitive composite for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2020-06-21 Cognitive tests and assessment

    The BHA-CS was accurate at detecting cognitive impairment and exhibited excellent long-term stability.

  18. Late-life depression is not associated with dementia-related pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. Neuropsychology 2016-02 Risk factors

    In the full cohort, 9.4% were diagnosed with major depression and 8.6% had chronically elevated depressive symptoms, both of which were related to adverse cognitive outcomes.

  19. Modifiable risk factors for incident dementia and cognitive impairment: An umbrella review of evidence

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Journal of affective disorders 2022-07-19 Risk factors

    Modifiable risk factors identified in this study, especially those with high-level evidence, should be considered in dementia prevention.

  20. Using a Digital Neuro Signature to measure longitudinal individual-level change in Alzheimer's disease: the Altoida large cohort study

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. NPJ digital medicine 2021-06-24 Cognitive tests and assessment

    Conventional neuropsychological assessments for Alzheimer's disease are burdensome and inaccurate at detecting mild cognitive impairment and predicting Alzheimer's disease risk.

  21. Tooth Loss and Dementia: A Critical Examination

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Journal of dental research 2020-09-18 Risk factors

    Dementia is a major contributor to dependence and disability in older people, with aging societies characterized by growing numbers of people living with the condition.

  22. Insulin Resistance and Future Cognitive Performance and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2017-01-01 Cognitive tests and assessment

    IR is related to subsequent poorer cognitive performance and greater cognitive decline among patients with cardiovascular disease with and without diabetes.

  23. Association Between Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Risk of Dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. JAMA oncology 2017-01-01 Digital health tools

    Androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer may be associated with an increased risk of dementia.

  24. A Novel Imaging Marker for Small Vessel Disease Based on Skeletonization of White Matter Tracts and Diffusion Histograms

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2016-08-29 Brain scans and imaging

    PSMD is a new, fully automated, and robust imaging marker for SVD.

  25. Population based study on patients with traumatic brain injury suggests increased risk of dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2012-07-27 Costs and economics

    The findings of this study suggest an increased risk of dementia among individuals with TBI.

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