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Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging
Sean A P Clouston, Dylan M Smith, Soumyadeep Mukherjee, Yun Zhang, Wei Hou, Bruce G Link, Marcus Richards. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2020-08-13
Topic: Brain imaging, connectivity and assessment
This study replicated research showing that education was positively associated with cognition at baseline. Model fit improved using the survival method compared to random-slopes models alone. Analyses of HRS data revealed that higher education was associated with delayed onset of accelerated cognitive decline (LER = 1.031 95% CI = [1.013-1.015], p < 1E-06). Replication analyses using data from 14 countries identified similar results. These results are consistent with cognitive reserve theory, suggesting that education reduces risk of ADRD-pattern cognitive decline. Follow-up work should seek to differentiate specific dementia types involved and consider potential mechanisms.
Key findings
- This study replicated research showing that education was positively associated with cognition at baseline.
- Model fit improved using the survival method compared to random-slopes models alone.
- Analyses of HRS data revealed that higher education was associated with delayed onset of accelerated cognitive decline (LER = 1.031 95% CI = [1.013-1.015], p < 1E-06).
- Replication analyses using data from 14 countries identified similar results.
- These results are consistent with cognitive reserve theory, suggesting that education reduces risk of ADRD-pattern cognitive decline.
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Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Participants28,417
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 68/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 38 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 68 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2020 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 4 / 4 | 28,417 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 31059564) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 38 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 38 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 68 out of 100. |
| Total | 68 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Clouston, S. A. P., Smith, D. M., Mukherjee, S., Zhang, Y., Hou, W., Link, B. G., et al. (2020). Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz053
Vancouver
Clouston SAP, Smith DM, Mukherjee S, Zhang Y, Hou W, Link BG, et al. Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. 2020. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbz053. PMID: 31059564.
BibTeX
@article{clouston2020-31059564,
author = {Clouston, Sean A P and Smith, Dylan M and Mukherjee, Soumyadeep and Zhang, Yun and Hou, Wei and Link, Bruce G and Richards, Marcus},
title = {{Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging}},
journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbz053},
pmid = {31059564},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz053}
}
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