Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Agriculture in Nigeria, Kenya, and Mali is impacted by droughts, necessitating resilient crops and improved irrigation.
Why it matters
This systematic review covers climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction across 12 African countries, not Alzheimer's disease. It reports on climate-related disasters, adaptation measures and barriers such as weak institutional capacity and limited funding, and contains no dementia findings.
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In multi-adjusted models, higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with higher total mean cortical thickness, and thicker cortex in Alzheimer's disease-signature regions, while a higher adherence to the MeDi was associated with better cognitive performance.
Why it matters
This observational study found that closer adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was linked to thicker cortex, including in Alzheimer's-related regions, while closer adherence to the Mediterranean diet was linked to better cognitive performance. It cannot show that either diet prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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We identified 30 studies reporting health outcomes following hip fracture.
Why it matters
This scoping review of 30 studies found that older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia experience significantly worse outcomes following hip fractures, including higher mortality, poorer functional outcomes, reduced quality of life, and higher risk of institutionalisation. It does not report any treatment or cure for Alzheimer's disease.
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The majority of the assessed health care data did not show significant differences between urban and rural SHA inhabitants.
Why it matters
In this study of shared-housing arrangements in Germany, most health care measures did not differ significantly between rural and urban residents with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The main remaining difference was that urban residents had significantly more appointments with neurologists or psychiatrists in the last 6 months.
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After propensity score matching, each group consisted of 15901 patients.
Why it matters
In diabetic patients with a history of ischemic stroke, those prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had lower risks of overall, degenerative and vascular dementia than those prescribed DPP-4 inhibitors over about 2.5 years. The authors say these findings support preferential use of SGLT2 inhibitors in this group but call for randomized trials to confirm.
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Attendance was good (82.8% attended ≥4/6 sessions).
Why it matters
This process evaluation of the DREAMS-START trial found good attendance and high fidelity, and carers reported that the programme increased their knowledge and skills for managing sleep disturbance. It evaluates how a sleep support programme was delivered, not any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Altogether, 187 adolescents (97 boys [51.9%]; mean age, 15.8 [0.4] years) had valid data on self-reported lifestyle behaviors, and 170 adolescents had valid data on device-assessed lifestyle behaviors.
Why it matters
This cohort study found that higher physical activity and lower screen time in childhood were associated with lower perceived stress and depressive symptoms in adolescence. It does not study Alzheimer's disease.
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Per 1-m/s increase in ePWV was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.51(1.30-1.75) for dementia and 1.58(1.33-1.89) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and with an MMSE score decline (adjusted β-coefficient = -0.36; 95% CI = -0.52 to -0.21).
Why it matters
In this longitudinal cohort, higher estimated pulse wave velocity was linked to increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease and to faster cognitive decline. This suggests that a measure of arterial stiffness may help identify older adults at higher risk, though the study shows association, not cause.
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Median follow-up was 7.5 years (interquartile range: 7.0 to 9.0 years), during this time 387 participants (0.8 %) were diagnosed with dementia.
Why it matters
In UK Biobank participants followed a median of 7.5 years, slower maximal walking speed, lower daily step counts and increased step-time variability were associated with incident dementia, and a prediction model using wrist sensor data performed comparably to existing risk scores. This suggests wrist-worn sensors could be used for dementia screening, not that they prevent or treat the disease.
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Higher cognitive reserve was associated with better cognition, fewer functional difficulties, more physical activity and better quality of life at baseline but was associated with accelerated cognitive decline and greater dependence over time.
Why it matters
People with higher cognitive reserve had better thinking, function, and quality of life when dementia was first diagnosed, but then declined faster and became more dependent over time. This suggests cognitive reserve may delay when dementia becomes noticeable rather than prevent or cure it.
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Vision difficulty and a larger friend network were negatively associated with adherence.
Why it matters
This study identified factors linked to how well people adhered to tablet-based cognitive training, such as vision difficulty, sex, cognitive function, and satisfaction with the training. It does not test whether cognitive training prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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56 individuals (mean (sd) age: 68.8 (4.2) years, 26 females, 24/32 intervention/control group) were included at baseline and 41 returned after an average of 28 months for the second assessment.
Why it matters
In this imaging study of 56 older adults at risk for dementia, there was no conclusive evidence that a multi-modal lifestyle intervention improved brain imaging markers of neurodegeneration and small vessel disease. Exploratory analyses suggested a link between the intervention, increased cerebral blood flow and reductions in systolic blood pressure.
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A total of 844 eligible individuals were consecutively approached, 294 consented to participate, and 204 completed the study (mean [SD] age, 70.0 [5.1] years; 127 women [62.3%]).
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study found that unrecognized cognitive impairment was very common among older adults from underrepresented, minoritized racial and ethnic groups and those who are socially vulnerable receiving primary care from federally qualified health centers. It calls for timely, equitable detection approaches, but it does not test a dementia treatment or cure.
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The weighted prevalence of dementia at provincial level in China in 2018 ranged from 2.62% (95%BCI: 1.70%, 3.91%) to 13.53% (95%BCI: 8.82%, 20.93%).
Why it matters
This study found that dementia prevalence varied across China's provinces, with high rates concentrated in the north, and that the link between dementia and factors such as hypertension, hearing impairment, drinking, smoking, social isolation, physical inactivity and diabetes also varied by province. It suggests that targeting hypertension and hearing impairment in specific regions could help prevent dementia, but it does not test any treatment or cure.
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Caregiver stress is associated with negative outcomes for both caregivers and care recipients.
Why it matters
This is a protocol for an ongoing feasibility trial comparing two mobile apps for stress in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. No results are reported, and it concerns caregiver stress rather than treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Early metformin initiation was not associated with incident dementia in older adults newly diagnosed with diabetes.
Why it matters
This population-based cohort study of older adults newly diagnosed with diabetes found that early metformin initiation was not associated with incident dementia. It does not support metformin as a way to prevent dementia in this group.
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Plant-based diets have become increasingly popular thanks to their purported health benefits and more recently for their positive environmental impact.
Why it matters
Prospective studies suggest vegetarian diets are associated with reduced risk of several conditions including dementia, but the review states no trial data are available for cognitive impairment. It also warns that unhealthy vegetarian diets low in certain nutrients or high in processed foods can increase illness and death.
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Among 1614 older adults (mean [SD] age, 66.3 [8.7] years; 980 women [60.7%]), 853 were Mexican American (mean [SD] age, 63.9 [7.9] years; 566 women [66.4%]), and 761 were non-Hispanic White (mean [SD] age, 69.1 [8.7] years; 414 women [54.4%]).
Why it matters
This cross-sectional study found that Mexican American and non-Hispanic White older adults in more disadvantaged neighborhoods had worse performance on some cognitive tests. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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4,824 patients seen at the memory clinic between 2008-2018 were included in this study (mean age 72.7 [standard deviation 11.0] years, 2,712 [56%] female, 543 [11%] Black).
Why it matters
Among 4,824 memory clinic patients, Black patients were under-represented relative to the catchment area and were more likely than White patients to have moderate or severe dementia at their initial visit. The study is about access to a specialty memory clinic, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Setting and participants A total of 316,669 participants [mean (SD) age, 56.3 (8.1) years] without prior cardiovascular disease or dementia from the UK Biobank study at baseline survey (2006-2010) were enrolled.
Why it matters
In this large UK Biobank cohort, people with better cardiovascular health scores had lower risk of developing dementia, along with differences in cognition and brain imaging markers. This links heart-healthy habits to dementia risk, but it is an observational study and does not prove that improving cardiovascular health prevents dementia.
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The inclusion criteria for peer-reviewed English publications from March 2020 to August 2022 consisted of studies related to telehealth services for people living with dementia and their family caregivers and studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Why it matters
This scoping review found that telehealth for people with dementia and their caregivers was widely accepted but that evidence of its effectiveness is still limited. It is about care delivery during the pandemic, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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The results of the included studies were summarized using a narrative synthesis or meta-analysis, as appropriate.
Why it matters
This review of 11 randomized trials found serious games improved verbal learning compared with no or sham interventions, and worked as well as conventional exercises. However, the authors call the findings inconclusive because of low-quality evidence, small samples, and few studies.
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60/100
A high adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) has been associated with better cognition and a lower risk of dementia in some but not all studies.
Why it matters
In over 120,000 UK Biobank participants, this study examined whether following the MIND diet was linked to better thinking and lower dementia risk. It found associations that support diet as a possible factor, but it cannot prove that the diet prevents dementia.
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60/100
Among hospitalized patients with serious illness, documented goals-of-care discussions identified by NLP were more common among patients with older age and increased burden of acute or chronic illness, and less common among racially or ethnically minoritized patients.
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60/100
Overall, 1.45% of the study cohort age ≥65 received HBMC.
Why it matters
This study describes characteristics of Medicare Advantage beneficiaries who receive home-based medical care, finding they are older and have more chronic and serious illness including dementia. It does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease, and it suggests Medicare Advantage plans need strategies to identify patients who would benefit from home-based care.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Estimating and comparing time-dependent areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for censored event times with competing risks
- New directions in clinical trials for frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Methods and outcome measures
- Gender Diversity and Environmental, Social, and Governance: Unlocking Solutions to Corporate Risk
- Costs of medication in older patients: before and after comprehensive geriatric assessment
- Risk of stroke associated with risperidone in dementia with and without comorbid cardiovascular disease: population-based matched cohort study
- Burdensome transitions at the end of life among long-term care residents with dementia
- Early-Life Risk Factors for Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Gender differences in cognitive reserve: An impact on progression in subjective cognitive decline?
- The epidemiology of dementia associated with Parkinson disease
- Population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis