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60/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100. Vascular contributions

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Plain-language summary

After propensity score matching, each group consisted of 15901 patients. Over a mean follow-up of 2.52 years, SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with lower risks of overall dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.74), degenerative dementia (HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60-0.76), and vascular dementia (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49-0.70) compared to DPP-4 inhibitor use. These findings remained consistent across various sensitivity and subgroup analyses. In diabetic patients with a history of ischemic stroke, initiating SGLT2 inhibitors, compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, is associated with a lower risk of incident dementia. This association was observed for both degenerative and vascular dementias. These findings support the preferential use of SGLT2 inhibitors in this high-risk population, warranting further investigation through randomized clinical trials.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Chiang, P.-C., Hsieh, C., & Sung, S. (2025). Comparative risk of dementia in diabetic stroke patients prescribed SGLT2 vs. DPP-4 inhibitors: A propensity-matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2025.108276

Vancouver

Chiang P.-C, Hsieh C, Sung S. Comparative risk of dementia in diabetic stroke patients prescribed SGLT2 vs. DPP-4 inhibitors: A propensity-matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2025.108276. PMID: 40049567.

BibTeX

@article{chiang2025-40049567,
  author  = {Chiang, Pei-Chun and Hsieh, Cheng‐Yang and Sung, Sheng‐Feng},
  title   = {{Comparative risk of dementia in diabetic stroke patients prescribed SGLT2 vs. DPP-4 inhibitors: A propensity-matched retrospective cohort study}},
  journal = {Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2025.108276},
  pmid    = {40049567},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2025.108276}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

How to read this study

Design: this is a follow-up (cohort) study. People are observed over time and not assigned to anything, so an association can reflect other differences between groups. Look at how long follow-up lasted, how many dropped out, and whether the authors adjusted for age, education and other health conditions.
Size: the record lists 15,901 participants. Ask whether that is enough for the question, and who they were.
Effect: the record reports “HR 0.68; HR 0.59”. A statistically significant result can still be small in daily life.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded high. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. High means the abstract mentions a randomized design, a meta-analysis or a systematic review. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

After propensity score matching, each group consisted of 15901 patients.
Over a mean follow-up of 2.52 years, SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with lower risks of overall dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.74), degenerative dementia (HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60-0.76), and vascular dementia (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49-0.70) compared to DPP-4 inhibitor use.
These findings remained consistent across various sensitivity and subgroup analyses.
In diabetic patients with a history of ischemic stroke, initiating SGLT2 inhibitors, compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, is associated with a lower risk of incident dementia.
This association was observed for both degenerative and vascular dementias.

Why it matters

In diabetic patients with a history of ischemic stroke, those prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had lower risks of overall, degenerative and vascular dementia than those prescribed DPP-4 inhibitors over about 2.5 years. The authors say these findings support preferential use of SGLT2 inhibitors in this group but call for randomized trials to confirm.

Study details

Study designcohort study
Participants15,901
Effect sizeHR 0.68; HR 0.59
Evidence strengthHigh

How this study scored 60/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases)
Journal's citation record	1 / 4	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: journal h-index 104 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A cohort study following people over time
Strength of evidence	5 / 5	Rated “high” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	4 / 4	15,901 participants
Effect reported	3 / 3	Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	2 / 7	Cited 6 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	1 / 5	2.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 3.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	1 / 6	Cited by 1 other studies in this library
Still being cited	1 / 4	Cited 6 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Sheng‐Feng Sung: h-index 28 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	0 / 3	National Cheng Kung University: institution h-index 481 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 4 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40049567)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	60 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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