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Confirmatory factor analysis of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery
Park LQ, Gross AL, McLaren DG, Pa J, Johnson JK, Mitchell M, Manly JJ, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.. Brain imaging and behavior, 2012-12-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a large multi-center study designed to develop optimized methods for acquiring longitudinal neuroimaging, cognitive, and biomarker measures of AD progression in a large cohort of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment, and healthy controls. Detailed neuropsychological testing was conducted on all participants. We examined the factor structure of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery across older adults with differing levels of clinical AD severity based on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Park, L. Q., Gross, A. L., McLaren, D. G., Pa, J., Johnson, J. K., Mitchell, M., et al. (2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery. Brain imaging and behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-012-9190-3
Vancouver
Park LQ, Gross AL, McLaren DG, Pa J, Johnson JK, Mitchell M, et al. Confirmatory factor analysis of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery. Brain imaging and behavior. 2012. doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9190-3. PMID: 22777078.
BibTeX
@article{park2012-22777078,
author = {Park, L. Q. and Gross, A. L. and McLaren, D. G. and Pa, J. and Johnson, J. K. and Mitchell, M. and Manly, J. J. and {Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative}},
title = {{Confirmatory factor analysis of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery}},
journal = {Brain imaging and behavior},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1007/s11682-012-9190-3},
pmid = {22777078},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-012-9190-3}
}
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Key findings
- Detailed neuropsychological testing was conducted on all participants.
- We examined the factor structure of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery across older adults with differing levels of clinical AD severity based on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR).
- Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of 23 variables from 10 neuropsychological tests resulted in five factors (memory, language, visuospatial functioning, attention, and executive function/processing speed) that were invariant across levels of cognitive impairment.
- Thus, these five factors can be used as indicators of cognitive function in older adults who are participants in ADNI.
Why it matters
This analysis confirmed that the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery measures five areas of thinking: memory, language, visuospatial functioning, attention, and executive function/processing speed. It is about how cognitive tests are structured, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 51/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Brain imaging and behavior) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Brain Imaging and Behavior: journal h-index 89 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A longitudinal study following the same people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2012 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 4 / 7 | Cited 80 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 5.0 citations a year over 16 year(s) since 2012 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 2.5× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 2 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 14 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author Jennifer J. Manly: h-index 101 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 3 / 3 | Harvard University: institution h-index 3,235 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 3 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 10 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 22777078) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 51 / 100 | — |
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