Newest studies

Pathological changes in the nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases

44/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Lewy body dementia Journal of the neurological sciences

Key finding: Combined neuropathological and neurochemical assessment of the nucleus of Meynert in senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) have demonstrated that the cholinergic biochemical activity, choline acetyltransferase, is more extensively reduced in the nucleus (over 90%) than the loss of putative cholinergic perikarya (35%). +2 more findings

• Other Dementias
• Brain Biology

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Tumor diagnosis by intermediate filament typing: a novel tool for surgical pathology

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Biomarkers Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology

Key finding: In line with the cell type-specific expression patterns of different IF proteins in normal animal and human tissue, IF typing distinguishes the major tumor groups, as documented by results with several hundred human tumors classified by conventional histologic methods. +1 more finding

• Diagnosis

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A comparison of clinical features in early- and late-onset primary degenerative dementia. One entity or two?

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Archives of neurology

Key finding: The data from a total of 65 patients demonstrated a greater prevalence of language disturbance, a disproportionate number of left-handers, and a much shorter relative survival time in the early-onset group. +2 more findings

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Cholinergic innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: Cytochemistry and cortical connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis (Substantia innominata), and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors The Journal of Comparative Neurology

Key finding: In Alzheimer's disease, the relatively selective depression of neocortical cholinergic innervation may be closely associated with the neuronal loss in Ch4, which has also been described inthis condition.

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Biochemical Assessment of Serotonergic and Cholinergic Dysfunction and Cerebral Atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Disease mechanisms Journal of Neurochemistry

Key finding: Uptake of [3H]serotonin, binding of [3H]imipramine, and content of indolamines were all significantly reduced, indicating that serotonin nerve terminals are affected. +1 more finding

• Brain Biology

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Sleep apnea: relationship to age, sex, and Alzheimer's dementia

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Sleep

Key finding: Mean apnea/hypopnea index [(AH)I] was significantly greater in elderly males than in young males or elderly females. +3 more findings

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Aging, dementia, and brain atrophy: a longitudinal computed tomographic study

38/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain scans and imaging AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

Key finding: Forty-five subjects were studied twice at a 1 year interval; linear ventricular measurements showed not only a greater degree but a more rapid evolution of brain atrophy in individuals with mild dementia as compared with controls. +1 more finding

• Brain Scans

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Loss of neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease, paralysis agitans and Korsakoff's Disease

40/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Acta neuropathologica

Key finding: The nucleus basalis of Meynert, the major source of cholinergic innervation of the cerebral cortex, was morphometrically investigated in 58 cases of neuropsychiatric disorders and compared to 14 controls. +1 more finding

• Diagnosis
• Brain Biology

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Biochemical changes in dementia disorders of Alzheimer type (AD/SDAT)

50/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Neurobiology of aging

Key finding: In four AD/SDAT-brain parts investigated the concentrations of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine and noradrenaline were significantly reduced while 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was significantly increased. +3 more findings

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Development of Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome individuals

34/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's American journal of mental deficiency

Key finding: Because of their initially low levels of mental functioning, Down syndrome persons' clinical symptoms frequently go undetected until the disease is advanced and deterioration severe.

• Down Syndrome

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Decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity in Huntington and Alzheimer brain

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Annals of neurology

Key finding: PDHC was also deficient in an area (Huntington hippocampus) where CAT was not significantly reduced.

• Other Dementias

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A new rating scale for dementia syndromes

45/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Health systems and care delivery Archives of gerontology and geriatrics

Key finding: High correlations between the two scales were seen and indicated that the new scale measures dementia syndromes.

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Random-Effects Models for Longitudinal Data

49/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed How common it is Biometrics

Models for the analysis of longitudinal data must recognize the relationship between serial observations on the same unit.

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Intraneuronal aluminum accumulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonism-dementia of Guam

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Science (New York, N.Y.)

Key finding: These findings further extend the association between intraneuronal aluminum and NFT formation and support the hypothesis that environmental factors are related to the neurodegenerative changes seen in the Chamorro population.

• Other Dementias

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia

54/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis The American journal of psychiatry

Key finding: Cognitive decline associated with old age and consistent with the diagnosis of primary degenerative dementia is a unique clinical syndrome with characteristic phenomena and progression.

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The Impact of Dementia on the Family

48/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors JAMA

Key finding: To determine the impact of dementia on the family, we interviewed the primary care givers of 55 patients suffering from an irreversible dementia. +2 more findings

• Caregiving

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A New Clinical Scale for the Staging of Dementia

54/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment The British Journal of Psychiatry

Key finding: Accurate clinical staging of dementia in older subjects has not previously been achieved despite the use of such methods as psychometric testing, behavioural rating, and various combinations of simpler psychometric and behavioural evaluations. +3 more findings

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Measurement of Functional Activities in Older Adults in the Community

50/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Cognitive tests and assessment Journal of Gerontology

Key finding: Estimates Correlated well with an established measure of social function and with results of cognitive tests.

• Diagnosis

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Limits of the 'Mini-Mental State' as a screening test for dementia and delirium among hospital patients

51/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Psychological medicine

Key finding: These findings confirm the MMSE's value as a screen instrument for dementia and delirium when later, more intensive diagnostic enquiry is possible; they reinforce earlier suggestions that the MMSE alone cannot yield a diagnosis for these conditions.

• Diagnosis
• Care Services

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The predictive value of conductance to outflow of CSF in normal pressure hydrocephalus

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Digital health tools Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: Measured outflow was compared with clinical findings, computed tomography, intracranial pressure measurements and with the results of shunting. +2 more findings

• Biomarkers

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The clinical features and classification of the late onset autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias. A study of 11 families, including descendants of the 'the Drew family of Walworth'

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Brain tissue and pathology Brain : a journal of neurology

Key finding: Many of the patients had physical signs in addition to cerebellar ataxia, which included dementia, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, extrapyramidal dysfunction, optic atrophy, pigmentary retinal degeneration, myoclonus and deafness. +3 more findings

• Caregiving

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Delirium and dementia: diagnostic criteria and fatality rates

36/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science

Key finding: These result validate the distinction between delirium and dementia and the importance of alteration of consciousness as a defining characteristics of delirium.

• Diagnosis

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Changes in the sleep and waking EEGs of nondemented and demented elderly subjects

47/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Risk factors Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Key finding: These sleep variables were significantly different in the SDAT and control groups (MANOVA). +3 more findings

• Lifestyle

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Loss of neurons of origin of the adrenergic projection to cerebral cortex (nucleus locus ceruleus) in senile dementia

53/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Getting a diagnosis Neurology

Key finding: To examine the possibility that senile dementia may be associated with a loss of noradrenergic neurons that innervate the cerebral cortex, we used a Quantimet 720 image analyzer to estimate the number of neurons in the nucleus locus ceruleus in elderly patients with the clinical diagnosis of senile dementia.

• Brain Biology

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EEG findings in senile dementia and normal aging

43/100 ✓ Peer-reviewed Clinical safety Acta neurologica Scandinavica

Key finding: The SDA patients differed significantly from the controls in EEG normality, over-all disturbance, dominant occipital, rhythm, accentuation of theta and delta, fluctuations in alertness, paroxysmal activity and H-reaction. +2 more findings

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