Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The mean age was 70.9 years (standard deviation, 5.9), 57.2% were women, 40.6% were illiterate, and 88.3% were farmers.
Why it matters
This describes the baseline assessments and health conditions of 5,765 rural-dwelling older adults in China, including a dementia prevalence of 5.4%. It is a baseline description of a randomized controlled trial's participants and reports no results on whether the interventions delay dementia or disability.
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64/100
Because technology is developing at a fast pace, the aim of this review was to present an overview of the research regarding the effectiveness of these solutions.
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with an increased risk of long-term cognitive decline in elderly population.
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64/100
Worldwide, the prevalence of dementia is increasing and diet as a modifiable factor could play a role.
Why it matters
Among 493,888 UK Biobank participants, each additional 25 grams per day of processed meat was associated with a higher risk of incident all-cause dementia, independent of APOE4. This highlights processed-meat consumption as a potential risk factor, but as an observational cohort study it cannot show that eating processed meat causes dementia.
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These findings highlight substantial disparities in the timeliness and comprehensiveness of dementia diagnosis.
Why it matters
Among 10,472 California Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, Asian (odds ratio 0.46), Hispanic (0.62) and Black (0.73) beneficiaries were less likely than White beneficiaries to receive a timely diagnosis. The gap remained after accounting for age, sex, other illnesses, neighborhood disadvantage and rural residence. This is an observational finding about who gets diagnosed promptly. It does not explain why, and it does not test any treatment.
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Sex differences in major cardiovascular risk factors for incident (fatal or non-fatal) all-cause dementia were assessed in the UK Biobank.
Why it matters
This UK Biobank cohort study assessed sex differences in associations between midlife cardiovascular risk factors and all-cause dementia. It reports associations with risk factors, not a treatment, cure or prevention.
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The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found.
Why it matters
The PRISMA 2020 statement is an updated guideline for how to report systematic reviews, with a 27-item checklist and revised flow diagrams. It is a reporting guideline, not a dementia study.
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This review found significant variation among the cost estimates and methodological quality.
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Forty-eight studies from 18,456 screened abstracts (Dementia: n = 2,516, Control: n = 1,224) met inclusion criteria for the systematic review.
Why it matters
This review and meta-analysis found that adults with dementia were less active, had decreased sleep efficiency, and greater circadian variability than controls, based on wearable device data. It describes monitoring findings, not a treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) are implicated in the pathophysiological processes of dementia and potentially underlie the association of diabetes with neurodegeneration.
Why it matters
In the Rotterdam Study, plasma markers of the advanced glycation end product and receptor system were measured and related to prevalent and incident dementia and cognition. It examines possible biological markers and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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MIND diet is associated with better cognitive functioning independently of common brain pathology, suggesting that the MIND diet may contribute to cognitive resilience in the elderly.
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In this era of unprecedented longevity, healthy aging is an important public health priority.
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64/100
Older adults at the end of life receive a high number of hours of help at the end of life, many from more than one caregiver, which may shape hospice access.
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64/100
Among individuals presenting with SCD at a memory clinic, those with a biomarker profile A-T+N+, A+T-N-, A+T+N-, and A+T+N+ were at increased risk of dementia, and showed steeper cognitive decline compared to A-T-N- individuals.
Why it matters
Among people with subjective cognitive decline at a memory clinic, those with abnormal amyloid biomarkers had a higher risk of dementia and steeper cognitive decline. This describes risk prediction and does not show a treatment, cure, or prevention.
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PE improves global cognitive function (SMD = 0.348 [95 % CI 0.166 to 0.529]; p = 0.0001), executive function (SMD = 0.213 [95 % CI 0.026 to 0.400]; p = 0.026) and delayed recall (SMD = 0.180 [95 % CI 0.002 to 0.358]; p = 0.047).
Why it matters
This meta-analysis of 27 studies with 2,077 participants found that physical exercise improved global cognitive function, executive function, and delayed recall in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, with trends toward benefit for verbal fluency and attention. It addresses cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment, not whether exercise prevents or cures Alzheimer's disease.
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Due to the growing number of older adults with cognitive impairment, it is essential to delay the onset and progression of cognitive decline and promote a healthy lifestyle.
Why it matters
This systematic review identified 11 different computerized cognitive stimulation, training, and rehabilitation programs for people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The review describes the features of these software programs but does not report whether they improve or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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The prodromal phase of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) includes (1) mild cognitive impairment (MCI), (2) delirium-onset, and (3) psychiatric-onset presentations.
Why it matters
This 2020 review proposed research criteria for "probable and possible mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies" — that is, for spotting dementia with Lewy bodies when symptoms have begun but before dementia — "intended for use in research settings pending validation for use in clinical practice." It also describes delirium-onset and psychiatric-onset presentations, but found "insufficient evidence" to set formal criteria for them. It is about earlier recognition of Lewy body dementia, not Alzheimer's disease, and it reports no treatment.
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The sample included 47 100 Medicare beneficiaries (25 900 women [54.9%]; mean [SD] age, 72.2 [11.4] years).
Why it matters
Among Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer disease and related dementias, those in Medicare Advantage had lower health care utilization than those in traditional Medicare, without worse care satisfaction or health status. This difference was more pronounced for beneficiaries with dementia than those without.
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Efficacy Study participants (n = 1082, 40 clusters) were 75.1 ± 6.3 years old, 68.7% women, and 64.7% prefrail/frail; analytic clusters: 19 intervention (410/549 completed) vs. 21 control (375/533 completed).
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Among 6451 individuals, the mean (SD) age was 59.4 (6.1) years, and 3841 (59.5%) were women.
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study of 6451 individuals, decreased hearing was associated with decreased cognition even among adults with normal hearing, after adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular disease. It shows an association between hearing and cognition but cannot establish whether treating hearing loss prevents cognitive decline.
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Three-year survival after dementia diagnosis can be predicted with good accuracy.
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Hypersynchronization has been proposed as a synaptic dysfunction biomarker in the Alzheimer's disease continuum, reflecting the alteration of the excitation/inhibition balance.
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For the last 17 years, an increase of mortality for patients with hip fracture and a higher mortality rate in men than in women were observed.
Why it matters
This study is about death rates and factors linked to mortality after osteoporotic hip fracture, finding that the 1-year mortality rate increased by 2% per year over the study period. It contains no information about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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64/100
Parkinson's disease has a long prodromal stage with various subclinical motor and non-motor manifestations; however, their evolution in the years before Parkinson's disease is diagnosed is unclear.
Why it matters
This prospective study followed 154 people with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder and traced the order in which early features appeared before parkinsonism or dementia was diagnosed. It concerns prediction and early detection, not treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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Fifty-one studies from 16 States of India were included as 56 datasets, which estimated the prevalence of depression among Indian elderly population as 34.4% (95% CI: 29.3-39.7).
Why it matters
This systematic review estimated the prevalence of depression among elderly people in India at 34.4%. It concerns depression rather than Alzheimer's disease and offers no information on treating, curing or preventing dementia.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Environmental risk factors for dementia: a systematic review
- Inequalities in Mild Cognitive Impairment Risk Among Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Insights from an Integrated Learning Model
- Hearing Impairment, Hearing Aid Use, and Cognitive Outcomes in Older Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study
- The role of diet on the risk of dementia in the oldest old: The Monzino 80-plus population-based study
- International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines
- Conditions for Nutritional Care of Elderly Individuals with Dementia and Their Caregivers: An Exploratory Study
- Communication breaks-Down: from neurodevelopment defects to cognitive disabilities in Down syndrome
- Principles and philosophies for speech and language therapists working with people with primary progressive aphasia: an international expert consensus
- Teaching an adult brain new tricks: a critical review of evidence for training-dependent structural plasticity in humans
- Hippocampal changes associated with early-life adversity and vulnerability to depression