Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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The four IADL score could be incorporated into the screening procedure for dementia in elderly community dwellers.
Why it matters
This community survey found that four Instrumental Activities of Daily Living items were correlated with cognitive impairment independent of age, sex and education, and assessed the performance of an IADL score for screening. It concerns screening for cognitive impairment and dementia, not treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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48/100
In a preliminary effort to improve the early diagnosis of dementia, we developed a regression-based method for estimating premorbid intelligence measured by the ability to read irregular words from the American version of the Nelson Adult Reading Test (AMNART).
Why it matters
This paper developed a regression-based method for estimating premorbid verbal intelligence in the elderly using errors on the American version of the Nelson Adult Reading Test and years of education. The model estimated premorbid IQ in mildly demented subjects that exceeded current IQ by at least 10 points and did not differ from that of nondemented subjects.
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A 26-item informant questionnaire (IQCODE) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were compared as screening tests for dementia in a sample of 69 patients.
Why it matters
This study compared a 26-item informant questionnaire (IQCODE) with the Mini-Mental State Examination as screening tests for dementia in 69 patients. It is about screening for dementia, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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A stratified random sample of 83 black and 81 white community residents aged 65 years and older in a five-county area in the Piedmont region of North Carolina was evaluated for dementia, using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke--Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria.
Why it matters
This study estimated dementia prevalence in a small sample of black and white community residents, finding higher rates among blacks. It describes prevalence patterns only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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This paper discusses the definition of apathy, reviews its differential diagnosis, and proposes a classification for the conditions that may produce it.
Why it matters
This paper defines apathy, reviews its differential diagnosis and proposes a classification. It is a conceptual paper and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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When a test is based on an observed variable that lies on a continuous or graded scale, an assessment of the overall value of the test can be made through the use of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Why it matters
Presents a statistical method for comparing the areas under two or more receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves when tests are performed on the same individuals, a way to compare how well diagnostic tests perform. It is a general statistics paper, not about Alzheimer's.
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The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia is introduced.
Why it matters
Introduces the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, a 19-item scale a clinician completes using interviews with both the patient and a nursing staff member. The authors report good agreement between raters and good internal consistency. It is a measuring tool and does not itself treat depression or dementia.
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Data from studies of dementia prevalence between 1945 to 1985 were analyzed statistically.
Why it matters
Pooling studies of dementia prevalence from 1945 to 1985, this 1987 review found that reported rates differed with each study's methods, but the rise with age was consistent, with rates "doubling every 5.1 years." Alzheimer's disease was more common in women, while multi-infarct (stroke-related) dementia tended to be more common in men, and the balance between the two differed between countries. It describes how common dementia was in those older studies. It does not give current figures, personal risk or causes, and says nothing about treatment or prevention.
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This study developed and validated a weighted index to classify comorbid conditions and estimate the risk of mortality for use in longitudinal studies.
Why it matters
Describes the development and validation of a new method for classifying prognostic comorbidity (other illnesses a person has) in longitudinal studies.
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Why it matters
Describes the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), a scale for depression in older adults.
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A program that limits the extent of medical treatment in patients with advanced dementia of the Alzheimer type was initiated on an intermediate medical ward.
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The prevalence of severe dementia in the United States is about 1.3 million cases, of which at least 50 to 60% are of the Alzheimer type.
Why it matters
This older review describes the prevalence, diagnosis and brain changes of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, including plaques and tangles and reduced cerebral blood flow. It is descriptive background and does not report a treatment, cure or prevention.
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The prevalence of a number of clinical features occurring in patients with early- (before age 65) and late-onset primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type (PDDAT) are compared.
Why it matters
In 65 patients with Alzheimer-type dementia, those whose symptoms began before age 65 had more language problems, a disproportionate number of left-handers and a much shorter relative survival than those with later onset. The authors read this as a sign that the disease may vary between patients, and they suggest the left side of the brain may be more vulnerable in early-onset cases. Both points are put forward as possibilities rather than proven, and the study reports no treatment, cure or prevention.
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To determine the prevalence of depression in Parkinson disease (PD) we evaluated 55 consecutive patients without dementia and 31 of their spouses.
Why it matters
This study found that depression was common in patients with Parkinson disease without dementia and was correlated with mild intellectual impairment. It concerns depression and cognition in Parkinson disease and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Why it matters
Examines whether the Trail Making Test is a valid indicator of organic brain damage. The subject is how well a cognitive test performs, not how to treat or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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Among 6158 person-waves with a claims-based dementia diagnosis from 3278 PWPD (3134 [50.9%] aged 65-84 years; 4282 [69.5%] female; 1176 [19.1%] non-Hispanic Black, 617 [10.0%] Hispanic, and 4256 [69.1%] non-Hispanic White), the adjusted proportion not reporting their diagnosis was 42% (95% CI, 40%-43%) among all respondents and 67% (95% CI, 64%-69%) among self-respondents.
Why it matters
Among people with a claims-based dementia diagnosis, 42% did not report their diagnosis, far more than for other conditions, and underreporting was linked to less postdiagnosis care engagement such as problem-based visits and influenza vaccination. This concerns diagnosis awareness and care follow-through, not treating, curing or preventing the disease.
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End-of-life care in elderly patients with serious advanced illness sits at the intersection of patient autonomy, family involvement, clinical judgment, and resource allocation.
Why it matters
This 24-month cohort study of 358 elderly patients with serious advanced illness found that comprehensive advance care planning was linked to fewer ICU deaths and more preference-concordant care. It concerns end-of-life care planning, not treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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During wakefulness, neuromodulators operate largely independently to support behavior and cognition.
Why it matters
This paper proposes that a sleep brain rhythm involving synchronized neuromodulator fluctuations helps clear metabolic waste such as amyloid-beta and tau, and that disrupting it may raise dementia risk. This is a proposed mechanism, not a tested treatment or prevention strategy.
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MCI patients showed significantly reduced plasma levels of TGF-β1 and increased TNF-α concentrations compared to other participants.
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study of older Italian adults, greater Mediterranean diet adherence was linked to lower likelihood of mild cognitive impairment, and this link appeared partly explained by inflammatory biomarkers. The study supports dietary modulation in prevention strategies, but its design cannot prove cause and effect.
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Epidemiological studies consistently indicate a two- to threefold increased risk of dementia among individuals with schizophrenia, although estimates vary due to diagnostic and ascertainment biases.
Why it matters
This review found that people with schizophrenia have a two- to threefold increased risk of dementia, but evidence does not support a uniform progression toward Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration. Dementia risk in schizophrenia likely reflects lifelong neurodevelopmental vulnerability combined with aging-related and modifiable factors.
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Among TM enrollees, prevalence of dementia was lower by 4% points in 2014 (9.0%, 95%CI: 7.8%, 9.3%) compared to 2000 (13.0%, 95%CI: 12%, 14%).
Why it matters
This study compared dementia prevalence trends between traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage enrollees from 2000 to 2014. It is about how many people are diagnosed and in which insurance program, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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This study investigates the role of individual and area-level social health factors in shaping geographic variation in dementia incidence among older adults in Finland.
Why it matters
Using nationwide register data on 185,712 older adults in Finland, geographic clusters of excess dementia incidence were identified, with the highest risk cluster showing 36% higher incidence than the rest of the country before adjustment, and some clusters persisting after balancing individual characteristics. The study is about social health and geographic variation in dementia incidence, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Eighteen members of the public-including patients, carers, and individuals with lived experience of both roles-along with two local board members and one representative from a statutory health and social care body, participated and were actively involved in developing the framework and co-producing outputs through structured small-group discussions.
Why it matters
This co-design study with 18 members of the public developed a framework to communicate patient-centred outcomes in palliative care using clear, accessible formats such as short films and infographics. It found that communication of patient-centred outcomes and Patient-Reported outcome evidence can be strengthened through meaningful patient and public involvement.
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Despite comprising the largest segment of the sexual minority population and experiencing unique stressors and health disparities, bi+ dementia caregivers remain underrepresented in health and caregiving research.
Why it matters
This survey of LGBTQ+ dementia caregivers found that bi+ caregivers reported higher minority stress and lower family quality of life but better health than gay or lesbian caregivers. Higher perceived stress predicted worse health for bi+ caregivers but better health for gay or lesbian caregivers, highlighting the need for inclusive interventions.
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In a sample of 2,599 Medicare beneficiaries (mean age 78.4 years, 52.9% female, 81.8% White), we identified a total of 5,677 hospitalization claims.
Why it matters
This study found that delirium during hospitalization was associated with higher hospital charges and Medicare payments among older adults. Because delirium is considered a modifiable risk factor for dementia, the authors suggest these costs may be preventable, but they call for more research on the economic impact of delirium prevention.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Efficacy and adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics for dementia: meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials
- The association of MIND diet with cognitive resilience to neuropathologies
- Unmet care needs and key outcomes in dementia
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Meta-analysis of nonpharmacological interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia
- Cognitive Screening Beliefs and Behaviors Among Older US Adults: Results from the National Poll on Healthy Aging
- Age- and education-adjusted normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in older adults age 70-99
- Randomized placebo-controlled trial of the effects of aspirin on dementia and cognitive decline
- Prioritizing perioperative organ injury prevention: a call to action from China's county-level hospitals
- Projected Demographic Trends in the Likelihood of Having or Becoming a Dementia Family Caregiver in the U.S. Through 2060