Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation therapies (CRTs) for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Why it matters
This review of 14 randomized trials found that cognitive rehabilitation therapies can change targeted behaviors and improve objective cognitive performance in people with mild cognitive impairment, but effects on specific cognitive domains were inconsistent. The authors note the studies varied widely and often had design limitations, and that evidence on daily functioning, quality of life, and neuropsychiatric symptoms was limited.
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The characteristics of dementia relating to excessive alcohol use have received increased research interest in recent times.
Why it matters
This review reports that prolonged, excessive alcohol use may cause permanent structural and functional brain damage, but it remains debated whether this comes from alcohol's direct toxic effect or from thiamine deficiency. It also notes it is unclear what level of drinking poses a risk, so no clear prevention threshold can be given.
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During life, patients with AD pathology may be misdiagnosed with bvFTD if they have an early age at onset and prominent neuropsychiatric features despite having greater memory difficulties and more intact personality and executive functions than patients with bvFTD-FTLD.
Why it matters
Among 107 patients clinically diagnosed with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia who had autopsy data, those with frontotemporal lobar degeneration were more likely to have initial personality changes and poor judgment, while those with Alzheimer disease pathology were more likely to have memory difficulty, delusions or hallucinations, and agitation. The findings offer clues for recognizing neuropathologic subtypes before death and report nothing about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Socioeconomic disparities-and particularly differences in educational attainment-are associated with remarkable differences in cognition and behavior across the life-span.
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Wishes and preferences of people with dementia and their family carers may differ.
Why it matters
This study found that people with dementia and their carers prioritized quality of care, family contact, dignity, and respect for end-of-life care. It suggests that carers may influence the choices made by people with dementia, who had difficulty considering their future selves.
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Delirium is highly prevalent among persons with AD who are hospitalized and is associated with an increased rate of cognitive deterioration that is maintained for up to 5 years.
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A lower number of teeth are positively related to swallowing dysfunction, whereas denture wearing contributes to recovery of swallowing function.
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48/100
In individuals without a prior diagnosis of cognitive impairment, the prevalence of dementia was low, but the prevalence of CIND was high.
Why it matters
This study compared brief cognitive screening tests with a longer test for identifying dementia or cognitive impairment without dementia in primary care. It is about how well screening tools detect these conditions, not about treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Despite a growing interest in auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in different clinical and nonclinical groups, the phenomenological characteristics of such experiences have not yet been reviewed and contrasted, limiting our understanding of these phenomena on multiple empirical, theoretical, and clinical levels.
Why it matters
This overview contrasts the characteristics of auditory verbal hallucinations across clinical and nonclinical groups, including dementia. It is about describing symptoms and offers no treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Nursing home residents receiving palliative care are more likely to have a GP order.
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Both hippocampal volume and brain infarcts independently contribute to memory performance in elderly individuals without dementia.
Why it matters
In elderly people without dementia, brain infarcts were associated with a smaller hippocampus, and smaller hippocampal volume was linked specifically to poorer memory. Brain infarcts were also linked to poorer memory and other cognitive domains independent of hippocampal volume, suggesting vascular lesions matter alongside hippocampal changes.
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Dual hospice/SNF access may result in fewer hospital deaths and higher quality of life for dying NH residents.
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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has been proved brief and sensitive to screen for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia in some developed countries or areas.
Why it matters
This population-based study of 8411 Chinese community dwellers aged 65 or older found that the Montreal Cognitive Assessment was valid for screening cognitive impairment, with sensitivity of 80.5% for mild cognitive impairment and 96.9% for dementia. It does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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This study aimed to examine the validity and item-response characteristics of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), which is used for assessing cognitive function, in Japanese older adults.
Why it matters
This study examined the validity and item-response characteristics of the Japanese version of the MMSE in 1971 older adults, including people with several types of dementia. The provided text does not report the full results, so it is unclear how well the test performs at the chosen cut-off of 23 points.
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High peripheral AGE level is associated with greater cognitive decline in older adults with and without diabetes.
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48/100
Dementia and delirium were prevalent, yet under-recognized, in acute medical geriatric inpatients.
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Prolonged delirium was found to be associated with a poor functional outcome and increased mortality.
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Medicare expenditures among nursing home residents with advanced dementia vary substantially.
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The Framingham 10-risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) has been a widely studied estimate of cardiovascular risk in the general population.
Why it matters
This study compared the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease in middle-aged and older patients with psychotic symptoms to the general population. It is about heart disease risk in psychiatric patients and does not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Memory clinics have been promoted as opportunities for improving dementia diagnosis and care.
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Stroke remains a primary cause of morbidity throughout the world mainly because of its effect on cognition.
Why it matters
This review describes cognitive dysfunction after stroke, ranging from focal deficits to more global dysfunction likely related to underlying subclinical cerebrovascular disease. It suggests the role of stroke in cognitive impairment and dementia could be another target for prevention, but no specific preventive treatment is tested.
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We describe the history, development, and success of the recruitment and screening procedures used by researchers at the University of California, Davis Alzheimer's Disease Center (UCD ADC) to facilitate minority enrollment in research.
Why it matters
This paper describes how one Alzheimer's Disease Center changed its recruitment methods to enroll more ethnic minority participants, using community outreach, transportation and in-home screening. It is about research participation and does not report any treatment, cure or prevention of dementia.
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Immunoassays of total tau (t-tau), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau(181)), and beta-amyloid 1-42 (Abeta(42)) concentrations were performed in CSF obtained from participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.
Why it matters
This study looked at whether cerebrospinal fluid markers of Alzheimer's disease were linked to faster decline in everyday function in people with normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, or mild Alzheimer's disease. It is an observational study and does not test any treatment or cure.
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With the increased interest in the use of sequential magnetic resonance images as potential surrogate biomarkers of the disease process, it has also been shown that the rate of hippocampal atrophy is higher in persons with Alzheimer's disease compared to those with mild cognitive impairment and the healthy elderly.
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Death with dementia is increasingly common.
Why it matters
This 2010 review treats dementia as an incurable, life-limiting illness for which palliative care is often appropriate, and warns that patients risk both burdensome, possibly non-beneficial treatment and under-treated symptoms. Of at least 45 studies it found (56% in the US), most were small or retrospective, and little evidence supported specific treatments. Guidelines backing advance care planning, continuity of care and family and practitioner education were still mostly based on expert consensus rather than trials.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Ten-Year Cost Projections for Medicare Beneficiaries 65 Years or Older With HIV
- Smartphone App-Based Psychoeducation for Caregivers of People with Dementia in Vietnam: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
- Determinants of dementia diagnosis in U.S. primary care in the past decade: A scoping review
- The 9 year cognitive decline before dementia of the Alzheimer type: a prospective population-based study
- Stress abnormalities in individuals at risk for psychosis: a review of studies in subjects with familial risk or with "at risk" mental state
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for mild cognitive impairment
- Methods and demographic findings of the baseline survey of the NEDICES cohort: a door-to-door survey of neurological disorders in three communities from Central Spain
- In the context of a deprived neighborhood, does self‐identified race cause dementia?
- Bereavement support for family caregivers: The gap between guidelines and practice in palliative care
- Cross-cultural differences in dementia: the Sociocultural Health Belief Model