Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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Nearly 40% of patients with dementia in our study experienced live discharge or a long length of stay.
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We here review evidence gathered for nearly a decade on non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), a less known therapeutic strategy aiming to limit cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative conditions.
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Psychoeducational program is effective in reducing the family caregivers' perceived burden.
Why it matters
A psychoeducational program for family caregivers significantly reduced their reported burden compared with routine care. This supports caregivers rather than treating the disease itself, and the study was small with 60 caregivers.
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Mortality of the residents living in NHs with COVID-19 was almost 45%.
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Our understanding of risk factors for COVID‑19, including pre-existing medical conditions and genetic variations, is limited.
Why it matters
This observational study examined whether pre-existing medical conditions and genetic factors are linked to COVID-19 status, including cognitive disorders. It does not show that preventing or treating COVID-19 prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease.
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A total of 887 (69.5%) participants reported incident difficulty in at least one IADL task category.
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Digital biomarker prognostic models can be a useful tool to assist large-scale population screening for the early detection of cognitive impairment and patient monitoring over time.
Why it matters
This validation study found that digital biomarker-based prognostic models could discriminate between healthy subjects and individuals at risk of progressing to dementia within 3 years. The models could also differentiate people with or without amyloid neuropathology and classify fast and slow cognitive decliners.
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Black patients (4806 [13.2%]; odds ratio [OR], 0.66; 95% CI, 0.59-0.72; P Conclusions and relevance Withdrawal of LST is common in sTBI and socioeconomic factors are associated with the decision to withdraw LST.
Why it matters
In this large database study of severe traumatic brain injury, withdrawal of life-supporting treatment was common and was associated with socioeconomic factors including race, payment and region. It concerns decision-making in traumatic brain injury and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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However, most people with dementia live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where dementia risk prediction research is almost non-existent and the ability of current models to predict dementia is unknown.
Why it matters
This study tested whether dementia prediction models developed in high-income countries work in low-income and middle-income countries. It is about validating prediction models and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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The findings of this study suggest that concurrent with new initiatives aimed at reducing hospitalizations, hospital transfers declined between 2011 and 2017 among nursing home residents with advanced illnesses without increased mortality rates.
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Prognostic discussions between caregivers of PwD and the PwD's physicians may be occurring more often; however, a high percentage of caregivers report a poor understanding about the terminal nature of dementia and the role of PC.
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Accurate early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases represents a growing challenge for current clinical practice.
Why it matters
Machine learning using cognitive scores and brain atrophy measures classified Alzheimer's disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia across three countries, with the best predictions when cognitive screening and atrophy levels were combined. This supports using these tools to help diagnose these conditions, but it does not show any treatment, cure or prevention.
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Adjusted for demographic and health behavior as well as health condition risk factors, desktop and cellphone ownership were independently associated with subsequent decreased cognitive decline over the four-year period.
Why it matters
In a longitudinal study, owning a desktop and cellphone was associated with less cognitive decline over four years in middle-aged and older adults. This is an observational association and does not show that digital devices treat, cure or prevent dementia.
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We examined longitudinal change in language expression during a semi-structured speech sample in 48 patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and related this to longitudinal neuroimaging of cortical thickness available in 25 of these patients.
Why it matters
In this longitudinal study, all patient groups declined significantly on measures of speech fluency and grammar, with nonfluent/agrammatic PPA declining more than other variants and bvFTD. Decline in grammaticality was linked to progression of gray matter atrophy in left frontal operculum/insula and bilateral temporal cortex, but there was no correlation between speech decline and neuropsychological performance decline.
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Immunity has been suggested to be important in the pathogenesis of dementia.
Why it matters
This study investigated whether blood cell counts and ratios reflecting innate versus adaptive immunity were associated with risk of dementia. It does not show that altering immune balance prevents or treats dementia, and the findings are from an observational cohort.
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55/100
Cigarette smoking has been associated with dementia and dementia-related brain changes, notably gray matter (GM) volume atrophy.
Why it matters
Current smokers had smaller total gray matter brain volume than never-smokers at middle age, and this association was strongest in alcohol users. The study looked at brain volume, not dementia itself, so it does not show that smoking causes dementia or that quitting prevents it.
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Following a Mediterranean diet high in plant-based foods and fish, low in meat and dairy foods, and with moderate alcohol intake has been shown to promote healthy aging.
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Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also damage most other organ systems of the body.
Why it matters
This review states that air pollution is associated with reduced cognitive function and increased risk of dementia, among many other health harms. It suggests a possible risk factor but does not test any treatment, cure or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Use of potentially inappropriate medications in Australian nursing home residents with advanced dementia is common.
Why it matters
This substudy found that about 30% of nursing home residents with advanced dementia received at least one medication classed as never appropriate, most commonly lipid-lowering agents, antiplatelet agents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. It is about prescribing quality in advanced dementia, not about treating, curing or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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Geographical variation in dementia prevalence is confirmed in this update, whereas evidence on increasing trends is still insufficient.
Why it matters
This systematic review and meta-analysis updated estimates of dementia prevalence in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, finding regional variation and an estimated 9.5 million people with dementia in these areas. It provides prevalence data only and does not address treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
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With advances in healthcare and an ageing population, the number of older adults with epilepsy is set to rise substantially across the world.
Why it matters
This review reports that older people with epilepsy are more likely to have cognitive dysfunction and that there may be a bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and dementia. It raises the possibility that some people with epilepsy may be at higher risk of dementia but provides no treatment, cure or prevention.
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The term vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) was introduced around the start of the new millennium and refers to the contribution of vascular pathology to any severity of cognitive impairment, ranging from subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment to dementia.
Why it matters
This review states that the main treatment for vascular cognitive impairment at present is prevention by treating vascular diseases and other risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. It notes a current paucity of disease-modifying pharmacological treatments, while foreseeing that specific brain diseases might eventually be targeted to prevent cognitive decline and dementia.
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This study found no evidence that major lifestyle factors, aside from smoking, or sleep duration influence the risk of dementia.
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Cognitive dysfunction is a common feature among patients with parkinsonism, including Parkinson disease (PD).
Why it matters
In 7,386 participants of the Rotterdam Study who were free of parkinsonism and dementia at baseline, poor cognitive functioning was assessed for its link to later parkinsonism. The study aimed to see if cognitive problems appear before a parkinsonism diagnosis, a stage when treatments might still be effective.
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There is a paucity of longitudinal research investigating the relations between atrial fibrillation (AF) and domain-specific cognitive performance.
Why it matters
This study investigated whether atrial fibrillation was associated with cognitive performance cross-sectionally and over time in the Framingham Heart Study. It does not show that treating atrial fibrillation prevents cognitive decline or dementia, and the results are observational.
From across this topic
10 of the 7,967 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Research priorities to reduce the global burden of dementia by 2025
- Impact of hypersexuality on spousal carers of patients with Parkinson’s disease and frontotemporal dementia: a qualitative study
- Use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Technology to Retrain Attention and Enhance Functional Communication Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Case Report
- Falls in cognitive impairment and dementia
- Dementia care in rural and remote settings: a systematic review of informal/family caregiving
- Mapping dementia risk factors and their interactions in Denmark: a nationwide cohort study
- Clinical applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- The evolution of serious health-related suffering from 1990 to 2021: an update to The Lancet Commission on global access to palliative care and pain relief
- Milacemide: a placebo-controlled study in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type
- Early dementia diagnosis, MCI-to-dementia risk prediction, and the role of machine learning methods for feature extraction from integrated biomarkers, in particular for EEG signal analysis