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Per-Capita Food Availability and Global Dementia Burden Across Multiple Exposure Windows
Carmelo Mario Vicario, Simona Massimino, Vanni Caruso, Carmelo M. Porto, Enrico NICOSIA, Alessio Avenanti, Antonino Pennisi, Alessandra Falzone et al.. Nutrients, 2026-08-18
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Higher per-capita food availability was positively associated with dementia outcomes in minimally adjusted models, particularly for the 2005 exposure window, although these associations were substantially attenuated after full covariate adjustment. In contrast, the 2010 exposure window showed positive associations with dementia incidence and prevalence after full adjustment using the conventional significance threshold (α = 0.05), whereas no significant associations were observed for mortality or for the 2015 exposure window. Sensitivity analyses indicated that associations varied according to exposure timing and model specification. Overall, these findings suggest that large-scale nutritional environments are associated with variations in dementia burden across countries, although the substantial temporal overlap among exposure measures precludes inference regarding temporally specific effects; these associations should therefore be interpreted within the broader socio-demographic and metabolic context in which national food environments are embedded.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Vicario, C. M., Massimino, S., Caruso, V., Porto, C. M., NICOSIA, E., Avenanti, A., et al. (2026). Per-Capita Food Availability and Global Dementia Burden Across Multiple Exposure Windows. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18162700
Vancouver
Vicario CM, Massimino S, Caruso V, Porto CM, NICOSIA E, Avenanti A, et al. Per-Capita Food Availability and Global Dementia Burden Across Multiple Exposure Windows. Nutrients. 2026. doi:10.3390/nu18162700. PMID: 42654279.
BibTeX
@article{vicario2026-42654279,
author = {Vicario, Carmelo Mario and Massimino, Simona and Caruso, Vanni and Porto, Carmelo M. and NICOSIA, Enrico and Avenanti, Alessio and Pennisi, Antonino and Falzone, Alessandra and others},
title = {{Per-Capita Food Availability and Global Dementia Burden Across Multiple Exposure Windows}},
journal = {Nutrients},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.3390/nu18162700},
pmid = {42654279},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18162700}
}
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Key findings
- Higher per-capita food availability was positively associated with dementia outcomes in minimally adjusted models, particularly for the 2005 exposure window, although these associations were substantially attenuated after full covariate adjustment.
- In contrast, the 2010 exposure window showed positive associations with dementia incidence and prevalence after full adjustment using the conventional significance threshold (α = 0.05), whereas no significant associations were observed for mortality or for the 2015 exposure window.
- Sensitivity analyses indicated that associations varied according to exposure timing and model specification.
- Overall, these findings suggest that large-scale nutritional environments are associated with variations in dementia burden across countries, although the substantial temporal overlap among exposure measures precludes inference regarding temporally specific effects; these associations should therefore be interpreted within the broader socio-demographic and metabolic context in which national food environments are embedded.
Why it matters
Higher per-capita food availability was linked to more dementia in some models, but these links weakened or disappeared after full adjustment, and no significant associations were seen for mortality or the 2015 window. The study cannot show that food availability causes or prevents dementia.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 35/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Nutrients) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Nutrients: journal h-index 331 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 5 / 5 | 2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 0 / 7 | Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.0 citations a year over 2 year(s) since 2026 |
| Impact for its field and year | 0 / 6 | Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Francesco Tomaiuolo: h-index 42 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Bologna: institution h-index 989 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 6 institution(s) in 3 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 42654279) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 35 / 100 | — |
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