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Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review
Bir SC, Khan MW, Javalkar V, Toledo EG, Kelley RE.. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2021-05-29
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Objective Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia and a major health concern worldwide. A comprehensive review on VaD is warranted for better understanding and guidance for the practitioner. We provide an updated overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, neuroimaging patterns as well as current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Materials and methods A narrative review of current literature in VaD was performed based on publications from the database of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar up to January, 2021. Results VaD can be the result of ischemic or hemorrhagic tissue injury in a particular region of the brain which translates into clinically significant cognitive impairment. For example, a cerebral infarct in the speech area of the dominant hemisphere would translate into clinically significant impairment as would involvement of projection pathways such as the arcuate fasciculus. Specific involvement of the angular gyrus of the dominant hemisphere, with resultant Gerstman's syndrome, could have a pronounced effect on functional ability despite being termed a "minor stroke". Small vessel cerebrovascular disease can have a cumulate effect on cognitive function over time. It is unfortunately well recognized that "good" functional recovery in acute ischemic or haemorrhagic stroke, including subarachnoid haemorrhage, does not necessarily translate into good cognitive recovery. The victim may often be left unable to have gainful employment, drive a car safely or handle their affairs independently. Conclusions This review should serve as a compendium of updated information on VaD and provide guidance in terms of newer diagnostic and potential therapeutic approaches.
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APA 7th
Bir, S. C., Khan, M. W., Javalkar, V., Toledo, E. G., & Kelley, R. E. (2021). Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864
Vancouver
Bir SC, Khan MW, Javalkar V, Toledo EG, Kelley RE. Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864. PMID: 34062312.
BibTeX
@article{bir2021-34062312,
author = {Bir, S. C. and Khan, M. W. and Javalkar, V. and Toledo, E. G. and Kelley, R. E.},
title = {{Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review}},
journal = {Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864},
pmid = {34062312},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Results VaD can be the result of ischemic or hemorrhagic tissue injury in a particular region of the brain which translates into clinically significant cognitive impairment.
- For example, a cerebral infarct in the speech area of the dominant hemisphere would translate into clinically significant impairment as would involvement of projection pathways such as the arcuate fasciculus.
Why it matters
This review describes vascular dementia as the second most common cause of dementia, caused by ischemic or hemorrhagic brain injury, and discusses diagnosis and treatment approaches. It is about vascular dementia, a different condition from Alzheimer's disease.
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Study details
- Study designnarrative review
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 48/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: journal h-index 104 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | Design recorded as “narrative review”, which our rubric does not rank (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 223 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 4 / 5 | 31.9 citations a year over 7 year(s) since 2021 |
| Impact for its field and year | 5 / 6 | Cited 20.3× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 3 / 6 | Cited by 14 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 3 / 4 | Cited 151 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Roger E. Kelley: h-index 27 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Louisiana State University: institution h-index 856 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 34062312) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 48 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864
- PubMed: 34062312
- Original source →
- Free full text: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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