Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.
Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.
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50/100
, respectively (p-values < 0.05), with p-tau217 demonstrating the highest classification accuracy for Aβ-PET status (AUC = 0.94).
Why it matters
In a dementia-free population-based cohort, plasma p-tau217 was the best blood marker for brain amyloid status, p-tau181 and p-tau217 were associated with tau status, and NfL was associated with neurodegeneration. The findings concern biomarkers for detecting brain changes, not treating, curing, or preventing dementia.
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This study developed machine learning models to predict Aβ positivity in Alzheimer’s disease by integrating early-phase 18 F-Florbetaben PET and clinical data to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Why it matters
This study developed machine learning models combining early-phase PET and clinical data to predict amyloid-beta positivity and cognitive status. It is a diagnostic approach only and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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PWAbS revealed elevated gross autoantibody levels in AD and DLB patients compared to CNIs.
Why it matters
This study found elevated autoantibody levels in people with Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies and used machine learning to classify patient groups with high accuracy. The authors note limitations including small sample size and lack of external validation, and it is a diagnostic approach, not a treatment, cure, or prevention.
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MEG 16-38Hz spectral power, particularly over parieto-occipital magnetometers, was significantly reduced in the AD progression group.
Why it matters
Reduced MEG spectral power and reduced hippocampal volume relative to total grey matter were independently linked to higher risk of progression to Alzheimer's disease dementia. Combining MEG and MRI measures improved prediction, but this is a biomarker study and does not test any treatment, cure or prevention.
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We included 3074 AD patients (mean age 78.1 years; 59.4% women), of whom 1028 used statins (79.6% simvastatin, 20.4% atorvastatin).
Why it matters
In this single point-in-time study, Alzheimer's patients taking simvastatin had slightly higher cognitive scores at diagnosis than non-users, and in non-users higher cholesterol levels went with better scores. Because it only looked at one moment, it cannot show whether statins affect cognitive decline over time.
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Although plasma pTau181, pTau217, pTau231, and GFAP were significantly associated with both Aβ-PET and CSF pTau181, Aβ-PET explained more variance in the levels of these biomarkers.
Why it matters
In this memory clinic cohort, several plasma biomarkers were associated with amyloid PET and CSF p-tau181, with amyloid PET explaining more of the variance, and plasma pTau217 was highly effective at distinguishing amyloid-positive from amyloid-negative and tau-positive from tau-negative individuals. This is a biomarker comparison study and does not show that using these markers changes treatment outcomes.
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Conventional cost estimates, which do not consider unpaid caregiver burden and patient productivity loss, significantly underestimate the total burden of AD.
Why it matters
This modelling study estimated total annual indirect costs of unpaid caregiving and market and non-market productivity loss in Alzheimer's disease at $832 billion, including $599 billion in unpaid caregiving costs and $233 billion in productivity losses. It is about the economic burden of Alzheimer's disease and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Current AT(N) stratification for Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for complex combinations of amyloid (A), tau proteinopathy (T) and neurodegeneration (N) signatures.
Why it matters
This observational study measured several cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and related them to AT(N) stages of Alzheimer's disease, noting that understanding transitions between stages matters with disease-modifying therapy. It is a biomarker staging study, so it does not itself show a treatment, cure or prevention.
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This review substantiates the evolving understanding of TREM2's disease progression-dependent impacts.
Why it matters
This systematic review gathered 43 studies of TREM2, an immune receptor on microglia, in mouse models of Alzheimer's. Results on how TREM2 affects microglia, amyloid, tau and inflammation were inconsistent, possibly depending on age, sex, brain region, model type and lab methods. The authors conclude TREM2's effects likely change with disease stage, which matters for anyone hoping to target it as a treatment.
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The cognitive impairment patterns and the association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mental disorders remain poorly understood.
Why it matters
This study examined Alzheimer's disease risk and cognitive impairment patterns across eight mental disorders using UK Biobank data and Mendelian randomization. It found higher Alzheimer's disease risk in people with bipolar disorder, and also reported an association between obsessive-compulsive disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, remains challenging to understand and treat despite decades of research and clinical investigation.
Why it matters
These guidelines aim to standardize how blood samples are collected, processed, stored, and measured for Alzheimer's blood biomarkers, because lack of standardization can affect reproducibility. Better standardization could help support the use of these biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring treatment effects in research and clinical settings.
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50/100
The results demonstrate that, although the number of biomarkers has rapidly expanded, many are interrelated and few strongly predict clinical outcomes.
Why it matters
This comparison of cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and neuroimaging biomarkers found that although many biomarkers exist, they are often interrelated and few strongly predict clinical outcomes. It is a cross-sectional analysis and does not evaluate any treatment or prevention.
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Glymphatic dysfunction is a crucial pathway for dementia.
Why it matters
This study examined the relationship between amyloid pathology, cerebral small vessel disease, glymphatic dysfunction, and cognition in participants across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. It is an observational study of possible mechanisms and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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The high failure rate of clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD) is due to a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of disease, and this deficit may be addressed by applying artificial intelligence (AI) to "big data" to rapidly and effectively expand therapeutic development efforts.
Why it matters
This review argues that applying artificial intelligence to large datasets like electronic health records and multi-omics profiles could speed up discovery of disease-modifying medicines for Alzheimer's disease. It does not report any new treatment or cure, only a proposed approach to drug development.
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Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is one of the most common causes of stroke worldwide.
Why it matters
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease is a common cause of stroke and also increases the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. This review describes the disease and its mechanisms but does not report a treatment or cure for dementia.
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Relationships between CSF biomarkers but not imaging biomarkers varied by racialized groups.
Why it matters
In this harmonized dataset of 495 Black and 2,600 White participants, some cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and their correlations with cognitive measures differed between groups. The study concerns how biomarkers relate to cognition across groups and does not test a treatment, cure or prevention.
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Nighttime vasomotor symptoms may be a marker of women at risk of Alzheimer disease.
Why it matters
In a study of 248 women in late perimenopause or postmenopause, hot flashes occurring during sleep were linked to a lower amyloid β 42/amyloid β 40 ratio in blood, which can suggest more amyloid in the brain. This is an association, not proof that menopausal symptoms cause Alzheimer's disease.
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Heterogeneity in progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses challenges for both clinical prognosis and clinical trial implementation.
Why it matters
In only 10 people, cerebrospinal fluid proteomic patterns grouped participants into different trajectories of preclinical Alzheimer's biomarker progression. This very small longitudinal study suggests possible subtypes that could affect trial selection, but it does not treat, cure, or prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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One of the five patients with AD treated with LDRT experienced a temporary improvement in SNSB-II.
Why it matters
In this interim analysis of a pilot study, low-dose radiotherapy was given six times to patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's dementia, and neurological improvement was seen in 20% of patients at 6 months. This is a small, early pilot study, so the findings are preliminary.
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The obtained data revealed that MSC-CMs might positively affect neurodegenerative diseases prognosis, especially AD, through various mechanisms, including a decrease in neuro-inflammation, reduction of oxidative stress and Aβ formation, modulation of Microglia function and count, reduction of apoptosis, induction of synaptogenesis and neurogenesis.
Why it matters
This review of 13 papers looked at conditioned medium, the mix of substances released by mesenchymal stem cells, as a possible Alzheimer's treatment. The studies suggested it might reduce inflammation, oxidative stress and Aβ formation, and could improve memory and cognitive function. The authors see reducing inflammation and preventing cell death as its key effects, but the record does not establish it as a proven treatment for patients.
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50/100
Baseline tau-PET and a composite baseline cognitive score were the strongest independent predictors of cognitive decline.
Why it matters
In participants from two cohorts, baseline tau-PET and a composite cognitive score were the strongest independent predictors of cognitive decline over 2 years, outperforming other biomarkers like phospho-tau. Cortical thickness and neurofilament light provided some additional predictive information.
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carbonyl groups in proteins and hydroperoxides in plasma have similar values in both treatment groups at the beginning of the study.
Why it matters
In patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, fish oil taken for six and 12 months reduced markers of oxidative stress in plasma and increased catalase activity, while superoxide dismutase activity did not change. The authors state that further studies are needed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of omega-3 fatty acids.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder; it is the most common cause of dementia and has no treatment.
Why it matters
This review discusses the role of microglia and astrocytes in neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and suggests neuroinflammation may help explain disease progression beyond amyloid and tau. It is a summary of existing research and reports no new treatment, cure or prevention.
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50/100
Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease with amyloid beta accumulation as a major hallmark, has become a dire global health concern as there is a lack of clear understanding of the causative agent.
Why it matters
This review describes neuroinflammation as a cardinal feature of Alzheimer's disease, with amyloid beta deposition triggering microglia and astrocyte activation and cytokine release. It does not report any treatment, cure or prevention tested in patients.
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Eligibility to randomize into the A3 Trial or A45 Trial is based on the screening PET imaging results.
From across this topic
10 of the 5,172 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Memantine treatment in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease already receiving a cholinesterase inhibitor: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Association of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Use and Amyloid Burden in Patients With Diabetes and AD-Related Cognitive Impairment
- Influence of Cardiometabolic and Alzheimer Disease Genetics on Cognitive-Related Outcomes in a Diverse Population
- Alzheimer-related altered white matter microstructural integrity in Down syndrome: A model for sporadic AD?
- A Cohort Study on Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to Residential Magnetic Fields From Indoor Transformer Stations
- Transferability of European-derived Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk scores across multiancestry populations
- Vascular factors predict rate of progression in Alzheimer disease
- Brexpiprazole for the Treatment of Agitation in Alzheimer Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Few Alzheimer’s Patients Get State-of-Art Care
- 11C-PiB PET assessment of change in fibrillar amyloid-β load in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with bapineuzumab: a phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose study