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You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.

Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.

  1. Retinal Vasculopathy in Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Frontiers in neuroscience 2021-09-22 Brain scans and imaging

    The retina has been increasingly investigated as a site of Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifestation for over a decade.

  2. Ophthalmic Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: A Review

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2021-09-10 Brain scans and imaging

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal loss, extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and intracellular neurofibrillary tau tangles.

  3. Neurovascular dysfunction and vascular amyloid accumulation as early events in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Metabolic brain disease 2021-08-18 Vascular contributions

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is clinically characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions and short-term memory.

  4. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Blood-Brain Barrier permeability in Dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Neuroscience 2021-08-13 Vascular contributions

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) are the two main causes of dementia with blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown being a common contributor.

  5. MAPT R406W increases tau T217 phosphorylation in absence of amyloid pathology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Annals of clinical and translational neurology 2021-08-02 Biomarkers

    Individuals with AD had high CSF pT217/T217 and low Aβ42/40.

  6. The Role of 18F-Flortaucipir (AV-1451) in the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Cureus 2021-07-26 Brain scans and imaging

    Tau protein plays a vital role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the nervous system; however, hyperphosphorylation or abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders.

  7. Plasma Neurofilament Light and Future Declines in Cognition and Function in Alzheimer's Disease in the FIT-AD Trial

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2021-07-21 Biomarkers

    Higher baseline plasma NfL was associated with greater rate of decline in ADAS-Cog from baseline to 6 months (standardized estimate of 0.00462, p = 0.02853) and in ADL from baseline to 12 months (standardized estimate of -0.00284, p = 0.03338).

  8. Plasmonic Interferometers as TREM2 Sensors for Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Biosensors 2021-07-01 TREM2 and immune genetics

    We report an effective surface immobilization protocol for capture of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2), a receptor whose elevated concentration in cerebrospinal fluid has recently been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  9. Evaluation of retinal and choroidal changes in patients with Alzheimer's type dementia using optical coherence tomography angiography

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. International journal of ophthalmology 2021-06-18 Brain scans and imaging

    The vessel parameters [P vessel length density=0.005 and P vessel perfusion density=0.006) and average choroid thickness (P<0.001) in the macular area of the ATD group was less than the control group.

  10. Retinal imaging in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2021-06-09 Brain scans and imaging

    Identifying biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will accelerate the understanding of its pathophysiology, facilitate screening and risk stratification, and aid in developing new therapies.

  11. Elevated soluble amyloid beta protofibrils in Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 2021-06-04 Clinical trials

    Down syndrome (DS) is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, which leads to a propensity to develop amyloid β (Aβ) brain pathology in early adulthood followed later by cognitive and behavioral deterioration.

  12. Ocular biomarkers and their role in the early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. European journal of ophthalmology 2021-05-17 Brain scans and imaging

    Given the fact that different types of dementia can be diagnosed only postmortem or when the disease has progressed enough to cause irreversible damage to certain brain areas, there has been an increasing need for the development of sensitive and reliable methods that can detect early preclinical forms of dementia, before the symptoms have even appeared.

  13. Atrial fibrillation and Alzheimer's disease: A conundrum

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. European journal of clinical investigation 2021-05-12 Risk factors

    During ageing, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of cardiovascular disease CVD) increases.

  14. Cortical [18 F]PI-2620 Binding Differentiates Corticobasal Syndrome Subtypes

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 2021-05-05 Brain scans and imaging

    Twenty-four percent (11 of 45) were β-amyloid-positive.

  15. Protein and Imaging Biomarkers in the Eye for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2021-05-03 Brain scans and imaging

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia worldwide.

  16. Diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarkers in vascular dementia: From the viewpoint of ischemic stroke

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Neurochemistry international 2021-03-26 Biomarkers

    Reliable quantitative blood biomarkers are important in vascular dementia (VaD) because early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention are effective in preventing progression of dementia.

  17. Pinpointing Brain TREM2 Levels in Two Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Molecular imaging and biology 2021-02-23 TREM2 and immune genetics

    Transgenic animals displayed higher total exposure, calculated as the AUC based on SUV determined at 24h, 48h, and 72h post injection, of PET radioligand [124I]mAb1729-scFv8D3CL than WT mice.

  18. How Comorbidity Reflects on Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration in Aging

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2021-01-29 Tau biomarkers

    Systemic comorbidity precipitates the risk for dementia.

  19. Red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor integrated with smartphone for point-of-use analysis of cerebral AChE upon Cd2+ exposure

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Nanoscale 2021-01-21 Cognitive tests and assessment

    Herein, combined with a pervasive smartphone installed with a color recognition app, dual-responsive CDs@Eu/GMP ICPs were designed as a red-to-blue paper-based colorimetric sensor for the point-of-use analysis of cerebral acetylcholinesterase (AChE) upon Cd2+ exposure.

  20. Past, present and future role of retinal imaging in neurodegenerative disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Progress in retinal and eye research 2021-01-15 Brain scans and imaging

    Retinal imaging technology is rapidly advancing and can provide ever-increasing amounts of information about the structure, function and molecular composition of retinal tissue in humans in vivo.

  21. Molecular imaging of beta-amyloid deposition in late-life depression

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2021-01-15 Risk factors

    Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and may involve Alzheimer's disease pathology.

  22. Imaging of vascular cognitive impairment

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Clinical imaging 2021-01-07 Vascular contributions

    Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a major health challenge and represents the second most common cause of dementia.

  23. Fluid Biomarkers of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2021 Biomarkers

    A timely diagnosis of frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) is frequently challenging due to the heterogeneous symptomatology and poor phenotype-pathological correlation.

  24. Heterogeneity of Tau Deposition and Microvascular Involvement in MCI and AD

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Current Alzheimer research 2021 Brain scans and imaging

    High tau PET signal was generally observed in the lateral temporal and parietal cortices, with uptake in the occipital cortex in one subject.

  25. Fibrinogen isoforms as potential blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease using a proteomics approach

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. The International journal of neuroscience 2020-12-15 Biomarkers

    Mass spectrometry (MS)-based protein identification via MALDI ToF/ToF showed that fibrinogen-β-chain (spot 64) and fibrinogen-γ-chain (spot 91) with differential expression ratio >1.5 were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in AD patients when compared to non-AD individuals.

From across this topic

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